A study on the gold deposit and ductile shear zone in the Xiaoqinling region has raised the curtain on the study of multi-level and multi-stage development and evolution of tectonics in the region. This paper preliminarily defines the regional tectonic framework and the dynamic setting for its formation and evolution.According to the regional tectonic characteristics, two secondary tectonic units may be distinguished in the Xiaoqinling region: the upwarping area of the basement rock series (Taihua platform arch) in the north and the sedimentary cover area (Jingdui-Lushi platform hollow in the south; to its north is the Weihe fault depression. The Weihe fault depression and the sedimentary cover area are seperated from the upwarping area by ductile shear zones displayed by paleomylonites.Since the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, an extensional environment prevailed in the region: the south and north parts underwent multi-phase detachment and the middle part was upwarped and exposed gradually, forming a detachment-metamor-phic core complex structure, which has controlled gold deposits in the Xiaoqinling region.