Based on the analysis of the relevant data of geological work investment since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the historical evolution of geological work investment is comprehensively sorted out, the characteristics and problems of the current situation are deeply analyzed, and the relevant thoughts and suggestions are put forward on this basis. The results show that China's geological work is in the period of transformation and upgrading. In terms of capital input, there are five current problems: Each channel capital investment continues to decline, the contradiction between supply and demand of mineral exploration funds is prominent, the investment differentiation led by the transformation of old and new driving forces, the investment in science and technology and information technology still needs to be improved, and the investment difference between regions is gradually narrowing. The research believes that in order to further optimize the investment to adapt to the new development situation, we should guide the investment layout with medium and long term strategies, strengthen the coordination between the two levels of finance, take multiple measures simultaneously to attract social capital injection, and improve the evaluation and adjustment mechanism of financial investment.