The Jurassic Ziliujing Formation in the Sichuan Basin has two organic- rich shale series, the Dongyuemiao Member and Da’anzhai Member, which are mainly lacustrine shale interbedded with siltstone and shell limestone. Methods: Analyzing core samples from the Lower Jurassic Ziliujing Formation in the Sichuan Basin serves multiple research objectives. It involves investigating sedimentation patterns, hydrocarbon resources, and reservoir characteristics, assessing the inorganic pore features across various lithofacies and minerals, studying organic pore development within distinct organic matter types, examining the spatial correlation between different pore types and hydrocarbon sources, evaluating shale gas occurrence capacity, and understanding diagenesis and hydrocarbon generation processes at different stages of evolution. These analyses offer valuable insights for sedimentation studies, understanding hydrocarbon resources and reservoir in lacustrine shale oil and gas. They hold significant value for exploring the enrichment mechanisms of lacustrine shale oil and gas, thus guiding strategic deployment for the exploration of Jurassic shale oil and gas reserves in the Sichuan Basin.Results: Based on the assemblage characteristics of shale, shell limestone and siltstone, 3 types and 7 types of lithofacies assemblage are identified in the Lower Jurassic Ziliujing Formation. The organic matter abundance of the shale is medium, the organic matter types are mainly type II1 and type II2, the thermal evolution degree is medium, and oil and gas coexist. There are both inorganic pores and organic pores in shale reservoir space, and micro- fractures are developed locally. The relationship between the allocation of inorganic minerals and organic matter, and between organic matter and organic pores in the Ziliujing Formation shale controls the effectiveness of the source-reservoir allocation of the shale. At a higher evolution degree, the organic matter porosity increases with the increase of TOC, and the source-reservoir allocation relationship becomes better. The solid bitumen stored in the rigid mineral stable support lattice is large, and the number of organic pores inside is large and the pore size is large. The asphalt preserved under the unstable support lattice of clay minerals is long in shape, and the pore size of organic matter inside is small. Conclusions: Based on the assessment of source-reservoir coupling conditions across different lithologies within shale formations, it’s evident that shale demonstrates superior source-reservoir conditions compared to the interlayers. Within the shale strata, high-quality shale intervals exhibiting favorable source-reservoir conditions are “sweet spots” for shale oil and gas extraction. Among these, argillaceous shale stands out as the most promising, followed by gray shell shale, while silty shale exhibits lower potential. The shell limestone and silty fine sandstone intercalations lack hydrocarbon source conditions and possess poor reservoir characteristics, thus can only form near source aggregation system together with adjacent organic rich shales.