Compared with conventional storage technologies (CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery or CO2 -EOR, deep saline reservoir, etc.), the geological storage of CO2 in basalts has obvious advantages such as promoting rapid CO2 mineralization, permanent and safe storage and huge storage capacity. At present, great progress has been made about theoritical research on CO2 sequestration in basalts: ① sorting the sequestration capacity of common main diagenetic minerals; ② making a further understanding about the mineral composition of basalts, pore distribution characteristics in basaltic layer and its formation mechanism; ③ improving the understanding of CO2 sequestration mechanism, reaction rate and influencing factors of basalts; ④ finding out the distribution of basalts on the Earth and evaluating the sequestration potential of various typical basalts; and ⑤ It is found that the sites suitable for CO2 sequestration mainly include three types: continental overflow basalts, submarine oceanic crust basalts and midocean ridge basalts, and preliminary evaluation criteria for target reservoir selection are also put forward. On the basis of summarizing the CO2 sequestration mechanism of basalts, the potential of CO2 geological storage of basalts and the selection methods of storage sites and target reservoirs, this paper introduces three existing engineering demonstration projects of CO2 geological storage of basalts in the world: Carbfix in Iceland, Wallula in the United States and Nagaoka in Japan, and discusses some problems existing in CO2 geological storage of basalts: ① the reaction rate is affected by many factors, It plays a decisive role in the final sealing effect;② plugging or fracturing and protective layer will affect the stability or sustainability of injection sealing; ③ the sealing potential evaluation methods and results are different; ④ the site selection and reservoir selection of sealing sites lack unified standards and specifications; and ⑤ the use of Carbfix method is limited to some extent.