藏东巴达Cu—Au矿区富碱火山—侵入岩序列锆石年龄及地球化学特征
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本文为国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:41673060,41873065)的成果


Ages and geochemical characteristics of zircons from alkali- rich intrusive—volcanic sequence in Bada Cu—Au deposit,eastern Xizang(Tibet)
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    摘要:

    巴达Cu—Au矿床位于玉龙成矿带南段,为新近发现的碰撞型斑岩Cu—Au矿床,具有独特的板内构造背景和较大的找矿潜力,引起了地质学家的广泛关注。然而,矿区岩浆岩岩性组合复杂,厘定该区火山—岩浆的侵位时序及其岩石组合类型,有利于精细刻画矿区的Cu—Au成矿作用,丰富碰撞型斑岩成矿理论模型。本文基于详细的野外剖面实测及相关岩体侵位关系厘定,认为矿区存在同期2阶段岩浆事件:①始新世早阶段富碱火山—侵入岩喷发—侵位事件;②始新世晚阶段云煌岩侵位事件。并对早阶段凝灰岩、粗面岩和晚阶段云煌岩进行锆石U-Pb年代学研究,分别获得206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为34.47±0.60 Ma、34.88±0.59 Ma和34.18±0.53 Ma,代表巴达火山—岩浆岩的喷发—侵位时代为始新世末期。岩石地球化学及Sr—Nd—Hf同位素研究显示,巴达富碱火山杂岩体富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、Sr、Ba和轻稀土元素,而亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Hf和重稀土元素,并表现出弱的Eu负异常(0.68~0.88);岩石的\]n(87Sr)/n(86Sr)\]i 值介于0.70629~0.70851之间,εNd(t)值为-6.41~-1.57,εHf(t) 值为0~4.4,两阶段Nd模式年龄和两阶段Hf模式年龄分别为0.98~1.37 Ga、0.72~1.09 Ga,表明巴达Cu—Au矿区富碱火山—侵入杂岩体主要来源于受流体交代的富集地幔,并混染了少量地壳物质。综合上述特征,认为巴达富碱火山—岩浆杂岩体形成于青藏高原后碰撞岩石圈拆沉伸展环境。

    Abstract:

    The Bada Cu—Au deposit, located in the south of the Yulong metallogenic belt, is a newly discovered collision- type porphyry Cu—Au deposit, which has attracted wide attention of geologists because of its unique intraplate tectonic setting and great prospecting potential. However, the systematic data of the formation of this deposit is very limited and the research degree is still low. In particular, there are few studies on the evolution sequence of alkali- rich volcanic—intrusive rocks and their relationship with Cu—Au mineralization and formation age.Methods: In this paper, we take the alkali- rich volcanic—intrusive complex in Bada Cu—Au deposit as the research object. A total of 25 drilling and fresh outcrop samples were collected, and the whole rock trace analysis were carried out. At the same time, zircon U- Pb geochronology and Sr—Nd—Hf isotopic analysis of tuff, trachyte and fraidronite were also carried out.Results: Trace elements analysis of the whole rock shows that all samples are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (Rb, Sr, Ba) and light rare earth elements (LREE), and depleted in high field strength elements (Nb, Ta, HF) and heavy rare earth elements (HREE), with weak negative Eu anomaly (0.68~0.88). In addition, the weighted average age of n(206Pb)/n(238U) zircons for the tuff, trachyte of the early stsge samples and the fraidronite of the late stage samples are 34.47±0.60 Ma, 34.88±0.59 Ma and 34.18±0.53 Ma, respectively. The results of Sr—Nd—Hf isotopic analysis show that the \[n(87Sr)/n(86Sr)\]i values of the two stage samples range from 0.70629 to 0.70851,εNd(t) values range from -6.41 to -1.57, and εHf(t)values range from 0 to 4.4, the two stage model for Hf was 0.72~1.09 Ga.Conclusions: Based on the detailed field investigation of the alkali- rich volcanic—intrusive complex in the Bada Cu—Au deposit and combined with the results of U- Pb isotope, the complex can be divided into two stages of magmatic events :① during the early stage of Eocene (34.88 to 34.47 Ma), the alkaline volcanic—intrusive rocks erupted and emplaced;②the emplacement of the fraidronite in the late Eocene (34.18 Ma). The characteristics of trace elements and Sr—Nd—Hf isotopes indicate that the complex is mainly derived from the partial melting of enriched mantle metasomatism, and is contaminated by a small amount of crustal material. Based on the above characteristics, it is concluded that the alkali- rich volcanic—intrusive complex in the Bada Cu—Au deposit was formed in the post- collision extensional environment of the Qinghai—Xizang(Tibet) Plateau, and the lithospheric delamination is the key mechanism for its formation.

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孟会明,李文昌,李超,祝向平,江小均,杨富成,杨后斌.2021.藏东巴达Cu—Au矿区富碱火山—侵入岩序列锆石年龄及地球化学特征[J].地质论评,67(6):1876-1897,[DOI].
MENG Huiming, LI Wenchang, LI Chao, ZHU Xiangping, JIANG Xiaojun, YANG Fucheng, YANG Houbin.2021. Ages and geochemical characteristics of zircons from alkali- rich intrusive—volcanic sequence in Bada Cu—Au deposit, eastern Xizang(Tibet)[J]. Geological Review,67(6):1876-1897.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-17
  • 最后修改日期:2021-06-16
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-11-19
  • 出版日期: 2021-11-15