黄河郑州—济南段河型变化特征及其与隐伏断层活动的关系
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本文为中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项重点项目(编号:ZDJ2019-14)、国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:40971013,41471002)的成果


River pattern anomalies of Zhengzhou—Jinan segment of Yellow River,North of China,and its relationship with activity of subtle faults
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    摘要:

    厚层松散堆积区(盆地或平原等)发震断层多以隐伏活动为主要特征,基于上断点的传统活动断层探测技术通常难以约束断层最新活动性质和时代。利用冲积河流对地表形变的敏感性评估断层活动性,是极具潜力的隐伏活动断层研究方向。本文基于TM/ETM遥感影像,对小浪底水库建设前后(1990~2013年)郑州—济南段黄河水域多期次几何特征进行提取和分段,共获取6个时期河道中心线弯曲度和5个时段河道面积重叠率的沿程变化信息。与区域资料对比的结果表明,弯曲度异常高值段在空间分布上除个别临近运河穿越处外,主要与穿黄或临黄隐伏断层相对应;在综合分析各种潜在因素后,认为与相关隐伏断层活动引起的地表形变有关。多时段重叠率均值整体上顺流增大(趋于稳定),局部异常低值(不稳定)指示加积段落,在空间上与弯曲度分析指示的构造变形信息一致。本研究表明相关指标多期均值能较好地反映局部因素引起的河型异常,为认识和评价相关穿黄、临黄断层(新乡—商丘断裂、黄河断裂、聊城—兰考断裂、曹县断裂、巨野断裂及郑州—开封断裂)的活动性和地震危险性提供了独立的解释和评价依据,可为利用河型异常特征分析同类地区隐伏断层活动性和河段稳定性提供技术支撑。

    Abstract:

    Most seismogenic faults located within basin or plain with thick soft deposits are characterized by subtle activities.The traditional detection methods,relied mainly on the youngest strata faulted by earthquake,is not always suitable for accurate judging of recent active of faults.Alluvial rivers are very sensitive to surface deformation,so it is a potential tool for detecting the activity of subtle faults by using the sensitivity.This study is focused on the Zhengzhou—Jinan segment of Lower Yellow River.Based on remote sensing images from 1990 to 2013,we extracted the geometric characteristics of river water area of 6 phases,segmented the river, and calculated the river sinuosity of 6 phases and the water surface overlap rate of 5 periods.Combined with regional data,we found that most of abnormal high sinuosity have good spatial correspondences with the subtle faults near,or cross,the Yellow River,but an abnormal sinuosity are related to the level fluctuation by the canal.This correspondence can be explained by surface deformation by recent activities of subtle faults.On the whole,the average overlap rate tends to be stable from upstream to downstream (from lowvalue to high value),and there are some local relatively low values.The latter indicates the instability of local channel and matches with spatial position and activities of subtle faults obtained by sinuosity analysis.This study show that the mean value of the relevant parameters can reflect abnormal river pattern caused by local factors.This not only provides independent evidences for the activity of subtle faults near,or cross,Yellow River,but also a tool for analyzing activities of subtle faults and the stability of river course using abnormal river patterns of remote sensing images.

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引用本文

王晶,李德文,马保起,魏显虎,魏永明,杨多兴.2021.黄河郑州—济南段河型变化特征及其与隐伏断层活动的关系[J].地质论评,67(6):1605-1618,[DOI].
WANG Jing, LI Dewen, MA Baoqi, WEI Xianhu, WEI Yongming, YANG Duoxing.2021. River pattern anomalies of Zhengzhou—Jinan segment of Yellow River, North of China, and its relationship with activity of subtle faults[J]. Geological Review,67(6):1605-1618.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-11
  • 最后修改日期:2021-08-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-11-19
  • 出版日期: 2021-11-15