This paper takes the Sansui Yacha section in Southeastern Guizhou,which is located in the transitional slope area of the Yangtze Block during the Ediacaran(Sinian) Period—Cambrian Period transitional time as the research object,explores the source of ore-forming materials,reveals the redox conditions of ancient sea water during the deposition of the vanadium deposits,and explains the internal relationship between vanadium enrichment and environmental conditions,organic matter.The purpose is to provide a scientific basis for a further understanding of the genesis and metallogenic regularity of the Early Cambrian polymetallic layer in South China.Methods:Field investigation and systematic sampling were carried out in this paper.The samples were tested for major,trace and organic carbon and further through the study of sedimentology and element geochemistry.Results: ① From the bottom to the top of the Sansui Yacha section,TOC is gradually increasing.Compared with the Liuchapo Formation,the TOC content of the Jiumenchong Formation is higher,especially in the vanadium rich layer,which can reach 14.80%.② The enrichment of Mo,U and V in the Liuchapo Formation increased gradually,but decreased significantly in the volcanic ash layer.In Jiumenchong Formation,there is an obvious increase at the barium enrichment layer,and then it decreases gradually.On the other hand,Th/U value shows the opposite trend.Mo/TOC values are less than 15 except for those near the volcanic ash layer.The U/Th ratio increased gradually in the Liuchapo Formation and decreased significantly in the volcanic ash layer but in the vanadium and barium enriched layer of Jiumenchong Formation is high again.Y/Ho was 27.26~49.25,with an average of 35.89.Conclusions: ① The ore bearing rock series of the Sansui vanadium deposit is mainly composed of black carbonaceous and siliceous mudstone.The ore bearing strata are mainly the Lower Cambrian Jiumenchong Formation, followed by the Liuchapo Formation.② The ore-forming materials of the Sansui vanadium deposit have the characteristics of multiple sources. The deep material circulation induced by hydrothermal system and the input of terrigenous material caused by strong continental weathering are likely to be the important material basis of vanadium enrichment.③ The anoxic environment developed in the limited basin creates favorable conditions for vanadium enrichment and mineralization,and the adsorption of organic matter is an important way to cause vanadium precipitation and mineralization.