The geological survey in China began in the 1910s.The Geological Survey of China was formally established in 1913,and had been the home of Chinese geologists for more than 30 years until its abolition in 1950.At the beginning of 1916,the old.Geological Section in the Bureau of Mines was reorganized into an independent Bureau of Geological Survey with a separate building and a separate budget,and was directly under the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce in administration.In the summer of the same year,the students in the School of Geology graduated and were appointed as junior members.At the end of 1916,the Bureau of Geological Survey was abolished and the Geological Survey was restored,but very little change had taken place since that date.Due to the short existence of the Bureau of Geological Survey and the lack of historical materials,there is little systematic research in the previous work.Based on the Journal of the Agricultural and Commercial,the Government Gazette and other relevant original materials,this article investigates the historical evolution of the Bureau of Geological Survey and the early geological survey. It is believed that the establishment of the Bureau of Geological Survey was an attempt by Chinese geologists who wanted to have an independent scientific research institution for geological surveys.