The Shoushangou Formation of Lower Permian is regarded as an important hydrocarbon generation Formation in Erlian (Erenhot) Basin and its peripheral Paleozoic. However,the organic geochemistry of the Formation is relatively low.Most of the samples have been exposed,and the surface weathering has a serious impact on it.In this paper,the core samples of Shoushangou Formation from MXD-1 Well were taken as the main research objects.By analyzing the organic matter abundance,maturity of organic matter,type of organic and combining with the characteristics of molecular organic geochemistry,the oil and gas resource potential and paleoenvironment significance of Shoushangou Formation were deeply discussed.The results showed that:① The organic carbon content of fine clastic rocks in Shoushangou Formation from MXD-1 Well was between 0.26% and 0.63%,with an average value of 0.41%;Hydrocarbon potential(S1+S2) was between 0 and 0.8‰,with an average value of 0.04‰;Vitrinite reflectance( Ro) ranged from 3.85% to 4.36%,with an average value of 4.10%;The relative contents of sapropelinite,exinite,vitrinite and inertinite were 66%,18% and 16%,respectively;② The relative peak height of sterane mass chromatogram（m/z217）is“L”type,and C27sterane in C27—C28—C29discrimination diagram has obvious advantages;③ Pr/Ph ranged from 0.49 to 1.23,with an average value of 0.61;Gamma-cerane index was 0.11~1.22,with an average value of 0.37;The relative content of C23-tricyclic terpenes ranged from 0.24 to 1.40,with an average value of 0.73;Based on the analysis of the existing regional geological survey results,it is concluded that:Shoushangou Formation is deposited in the bathyal environment,with high salinity and stong reductionability.Source of oaganic matter has a dual supply of terrestrial and aquatic,organic matter subject belongs to Ⅱ1;The analyzed samples have lower abundance of organic matter and higher maturity,but from the perspective of sedimentary environment and organic matter type,the fine clastic rocks of Shoushangou Formation in Xiujimqin area are the source rocks that can not be ignored in oil and gas exploration and the next research work should focus on the formation mechanism and favorable distribution area of high-quality source rocks.