蒙山“冰川遗迹”辨识中的逻辑谬误分析——以“山东蒙山冰川遗迹的类型、特征和年代”一文为例
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本文为国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:41871021)的成果。


The logical fallacies on identification of the “glacial relics” in Mengshan Mountain——The paper “types, characteristics and dating data of glacial relics in Mount Mengshan Geopark, Shandong Province” as an example
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    摘要:

    第四纪冰川研究主要根据观察到的地貌学、沉积学特征和年代学结果,通过缜密的逻辑推理判断其成因、时代和环境意义。蒙山“冰川遗迹”的辨识是建立在不适当或错误的证据上,雪线重建和冰期划分是不能成立的;所谓第四纪冰川遗迹,完全可以用非冰川成因予以解释。通过对蒙山堆积和侵蚀地貌的调查,笔者等得知:① 拦马墙砾石堆积堤不连续、不对称分布于兰溪下游凹岸,具有立石和叠石景观,砾石组构、叠瓦构造、底泥层和不规则擦痕等表明,拦马墙天然堤为泥石流堆积;② 兰溪是典型的V形谷,其基岩谷壁没有擦面和颤痕,非冰蚀擦痕是砾石沿河谷滚动、拖拽摩擦和撞击的结果,主要是泥石流成因;③ 已报道的蒙山“颤痕”,不符合颤痕的定义和形成机制,是无效的冰川遗迹证据。 本文初步提出了微观尺度新月形冰蚀地貌的分类方案,并统一称为颤痕。“山东蒙山冰川遗迹的类型、特征和年代”一文存在多处逻辑错误,我们以之为例,主要讨论了该文6个方面的逻辑缪误及其产生的非理性因素。

    Abstract:

    The study of Quaternary glaciation is to deduce their landform genesis, ages and environmental indication by meticulous logical reasoning mainly based on observed geomorphologic and sedimentological features as well as obtained chronological results. Identification of the “glacial relics” in Mengshan Mountain was established by inappropriate and even incorrect evidences, resulting in the invalid snow line reconstruction and ice age division. The so- called quaternary glacier relics can be adequately explained by non- glacial genesis. Based on the field investigation of the depositional and erosional landforms in Mengshan Mountain, the authors found that: (1)The Lanmaqiang levee, with typical standing stones and stacked boulders, is discontinuously and asymmetrically distributed on the cutbank at downstream Lanxi Valley; its depositional features including gravel fabric, imbricate structure, muddy bottom and irregular scratches of boulder can be definitely attribute to a debris- flow genesis. (2)The Lanxi Valley is a typical V- shaped valley without clear facet and chatter mark on the valley wall; the non- glaciogenic scratches were sculptured by the rolling boulder entrained in the debris flow. (3)The “chatter marks” reported in Mengshan Mountain is inconformity with the definition and formation mechanisms of chatter mark, which means it is an invalid evidence to glacier relics. This study suggested that using the term chatter mark to describe all the glacial erosional landforms with microscale crescentic features. There are lots of logical fallacies in the paper “Types, characteristics and dating data of glacial relics in Mount Mengshan Geopark, Shandong Province”(Wang Zhaobo et al., 2019&). Taking the paper as an example, this study listed 6 of logical fallacies involved in the paper and pointed out their irrational causes.

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王乃昂,于昕冉,庄立超,张文佳,郭子萍.2020.蒙山“冰川遗迹”辨识中的逻辑谬误分析——以“山东蒙山冰川遗迹的类型、特征和年代”一文为例[J].地质论评,66(3):555-569,[DOI].
WANG Nai’ang, YU Xinran, ZHUANG Lichao, ZHANG Wenjia, GUO Ziping.2020. The logical fallacies on identification of the “glacial relics” in Mengshan Mountain——The paper “types, characteristics and dating data of glacial relics in Mount Mengshan Geopark, Shandong Province” as an example[J]. Geological Review,66(3):555-569.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-08
  • 最后修改日期:2020-04-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-05-18
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