Abstract:In recent years, the geophysical 3D imaging of the mantle has provided a great deal of data and information of deep structures and of the underground material motion, promoting the cognition of the characteristics and dynamics of the shallow mantle system. According to the direction of motion, the material movement in the shallow mantle system can be divided into three main forms: horizontal motion, upwelling and sinking motions. The energy that causes the downward movement of matter in the shallow mantle system is caused by the potential energy generated by the earth's gravity, and the motion in other directions is mainly caused by deep heat and kinetic energy. In addition to the power sources, the direction of the material motion of the shallow mantle system also depends on the material properties of the lithosphere and the asthenosphere, as the high viscosity rocks resist the movement of the material and the low viscosity medium accelerates the movement of the material. The horizontal creep difference of asthenosphere mass produces complex structures such as stretching, underplating and nappe in the lithosphere, and the creeping of asthenosphere material with greater velocity and kinetic energy will certainly drive the movement and deformation of the lithosphere plates. The uprising of the asthenosphere can be further subdivided into three ways, the upsurge motion, the upper welling movement and the diapir motion, which have different effects on the upper lithosphere. The material sinking movement of the shallow mantle system takes many forms, including subduction, delamination and metasomatosis, and is often accompanied with the upwelling of the asthenosphere. These mass movements causes the delamination of the craton crust and the land roots of the lithosphere. Largescale material movements in the asthenosphere, including upwelling of matter in the midocean ridge, collisions of continents, and preland pullups of ocean subduction, are clearly reflected in the global seismic tomography maps. The southeast coast of China is a special area of the material movement of the shallow mantle system, which may be caused by the subduction of the Izonaqi plate in the Cretaceous period, which stimulates the asthenosphere upsurge motion along coast zone of the East Asian continent, and then causes a series of dynamic effects such as magma intrusion and delamination of the lithosphere.