Abstract:As an important way of magma evolution, silicate liquid immiscibility has been widely reported in the forming process of lunar and terrestrial samples. During the process of silicate liquid immiscibility, a singlecomponent melt split into Ferich and Sirich two melts with distinct compositions. The contrary evolution paths of the conjugate immiscible melts may provide good explanations for many key issues on petrology and metallogeny. However, the petrological significance of silicate liquid immiscibility has been debated all the time since its being put forward at the early stage of modern petrology. In the early days, the central point of argument on immiscibility is whether silicate liquid immiscibility exists in the natural magma. In recent years, hightemperature (>1100℃) silicate liquid immiscibility has been the bone of contention. In addition, some issues including the water’s effect on liquid immiscibility, phase separation of immiscible melts are also controversial. But now available researches can explain, in large extent, the mechanisms of the onset and evolution of silicate liquid immiscibility. In this paper, we review the history of silicate liquid immiscibility, and introduce the research progresses on several aspects including affecting factors on immisciblity, the starting temperature of immiscibility, compositions and evolution of immiscible melts, generation and mutual separation of immiscible melts. We discuss the significance of silicate liquid immiscibility on petrology and metallogeny from the perspectives of surveying the roles that silicate liquid immiscibility may play in some important scientific issues such as Bowen—Fenner controversy, Daly gap, the genesis of oceanic plagiogranite, Fe—Ti—P ore deposit in massiftype anorthosite and giant Fe—Ti—V oxide deposit in layered intrusion. At last, we conclude the existing problems on silicate liquid immiscibility and think that further indepth work are needed in the aspects such as the conditions for the onset of immiscibility, isotope fractionation in unmixing process and dynamic process of phase separation between immiscible melts.