Permian is a key period in geological history and the specific studies of Permian climate are scarce, so it’s of great significance to further the study of paleoclimate. During Permian, the study area located in Zhen’an area in Shaanxi Province today, where Permian stratum is continuously developed and hugethickly accumulated (more than 3 km), was an isolated platform in Eastern PaleoTethys. It’s therefore a favorable profile to carry out the study on paleoclimate and paleoenvironment of Permian. Methods: 159 representative carbonate rock samples are picked out from the Permian section in Zhen’an area and then the qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of clay mineral are carried out. Results: The analysis shows that clay mineral of the study area is comprised of Illite (70.9%), Kaolinite (7.9%), Montmorillonite (4.4%), Chlorite (8.6%) and Illite—smectite mixed layer (8.3%) Based on the change of illite’s relative content, Permian palaeoclimate fluctuations in the study area can be divided into 8 phases: P1, from Asselian to middle Kungurian, was a dry—cold period; During the middle of Middle Permian, the climate fluctuated from warm—wet period (P2) to dry—cold period(P3), and to the alternation of dry—colding and warm—weting (P4); P5, from middle Capitanian to early Wuchiapingian, was a cooling period; a short warm—wet period happened in early Wuchiapingian (P6); an increasingly cooling period from early Wuchiapingian to the end of Wuchiapingian (P7); and an alternation of dry—cold and warm—wet climate in Changhsingian (P8).  Conclusions: The contrastive study among the study area, South China, Western Europe (Western PalaeoTethys) and Japan (Panthalassa) shows that the change of Permian palaeoclimate in Zhen’an area is influenced by the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA), Kamura Event and G—LB biological extinction event. In addition, a short cold period (~2.4 Ma) during Wordian is identified by this study, which is different from previous views that the climate was gradually warming up from Kungurian onwards. Whether this phenomenon has global significance needs to be further studied.