Proterozoic gneiss occurs in the southern margin of Shirenshan, Qinling. Previous studies show that it undergoes a series of metamorphism and deformation, but there is few study on the detail process of the metamorphism and deformation. This project uses a variety of methods to study the metamorphism and deformation of rocks in southern margin of the Shirenshan.Methods: In this project, the mineral assemblages and reaction are carefully observed to determinate the metamorphic facies of rocks. Types of dynamic recrystallization of quartz and the fractal dimension analysis are used to estimate the deformation temperature of rocks. The kinematic vorticity analysis of quart and three-dimensional finite strain measurement of feldspar are carried out to determinate the shear type and the state of strain. Results: The mineral assemblages indicate the metamorphic facies changes from greenshist facies to low amphibolite facies as away from the Luonan—Luanchuan fault zone. The type of dynamic recrystallization of quartz is transition from bulging to subgrain rotation even to high temperature boundary migration. The quartz fractal dimension values also gradually decrease. The strain rate of rocks is also decreased, which is reduced from 2.1567E-16 to 9.0529E-16. Three dimensional finite strain measurement of feldspar indicates the strain ellipsoid show as single axis cigar type. The value of kinematic vorticity is about 0.7997~0.9322 suggests the shear type are dominated by a simple shear. Conclusions: Through the metamorphism and deformation analysis of rocks in southern margin of Shirenshan, it shows that the metamorphism and deformation change regularly from the south to the north as far away from the fault zone, manifest as the rock mineral particle size and the formation of the temperature gradually increases, and differential stress, strain rate decreases gradually. It reflects that as far away from the Luonan—Luanchuan fault zone, metamorphic facies gradually change from greenschist facies to low amphibolite facies. Retrograde metamorphism and shear deformation gradually weaken. The metamorphism and deformation of rocks in the southern margin of Shirenshan are influenced by the tectonic activities of the Luonan—Luanchuan fault zone. Therefore, the metamorphism and deformation analysis of rocks in southern margin of the Shirenshan has important significance for study the metamorphism and deformation of plate margin in process of subduction.