The bottom of Lichaiba formation in xiongdong village is conformable contact with early Silurian Renheqiao group, the top is conformable contact with early Devonian Xiangyangsi group, and the stratum in this area is continuous, shows mixed sedimentary characteristic. This study discussed the depositional geochemistry characteristics and the palaeo sedimentary environment significance of carbonate rock in the Silurian Lichaiba formation, in Baoshan region. Based on the study of microscopic characteristics, regional geological background and the geochemical analyses of 24 carbonate rock samples，the results indicated:①Sr and CaO in carbonates positively correlated with each other; CaO remarkably negatively correlated with Al2O3,K2O,SiO2,V,TiO2;It reflects the interaction between the terrestrial component and the mineral calcite at different stages of deposition；②Through the analysis of element content and ratio in the vertical direction，for example Sr/ Ba、Mn/ Fe and V/Ni，we have done some research on ancient seawater deep, ancient salinity and ancient climate in different deposition phase of Lichaiba group；③What the microscopic features and geochemical characteristics of the rocks reflect have good consistency. The study on the geochemical characteristics is beneficial to the identification and reconstruction of palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate.