On the current international,the mineralization of microbes and organic matter is metallogeny research frontier. As the research object,Shi Hongtan uranium deposit is the typical interlayer oxidation zone sandstone type uranium deposit in China.The author analyzes geochemical characteristics of the organic matter and microbes in the deposit, discusses the interaction between organic matter and microbial,thinks that the aerobic micro organisms actively participate in the formation of interlayer oxidation zone and the uranium activation migration. Thought that in the oxidized zone,the iron catalysed uranium oxidation,dissolution and move,which provided the important source for uranium mineralization. In redox transitional zone, using light hydrocarbon and soluble organic compounds which are the products of organic matter biological chemistry as carbon source,sulfate reducting bacteria makes the sulfate be reduced and form the hydrogen sulfide in groundwater of ore hosting bed.With Eh ruducing and pH being to weak acid in groundwate,uranium is reduced and adsorbed mineralization.The interaction of organic matter and microbes controls the uranium mineralization for uranium deposit.