岩石物理相的控制因素及其定量表征方法研究
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本文为国家大型油气田及煤层气开发科技重大专项“低渗透碎屑岩储层品质与岩石物理相测井评价方法”(编号 2011ZX05020 008)的成果


Researches of the Control Factors and the Quantitatively Characterization Method of Reservoir Petrophysical Facies
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    摘要:

    在现今以“相控论”为主导、以地层及岩性等隐蔽型油气藏为主要目标的油气勘探阶段,岩石物理相在优质储集体预测、储层参数评价和剩余油气分布规律研究等储层地质学领域体现出了广阔的应用前景。然而对于其分类命名方案则尚未达成共识,目前虽有以数学为主和以地质研究为主的两大类划分方法,但这些方法要不适用条件有限,要不划分依据存在缺陷,且命名法则相对并不科学。基于以上现状和存在问题,本文在大量文献阅读的基础上,提出了一种基于“相控论”的岩石物理相划分方法,即通过岩石物理相的主要控制因素——构造相、沉积相和成岩相的叠加与复合来对其进行分类命名。最后以四川盆地蓬莱地区须二段储层为例,在对其构造相、沉积相和成岩相划分的基础上,通过三者的有机叠加与耦合对其岩石物理相进行分类命名,并提出了相应的定量表征方法,并进一步探讨不同岩石物理相类型与天然气产能的关系,利用岩石物理相寻找优质储集体及含气有利区,验证了该方法的有效性。该划分方法从地质相的角度出发,一方面充分考虑了影响油气富集的各因素,避免了从单一因素出发而造成的误差,能实现油藏精细描述,另一方面对岩石物理相的命名也更具科学性

    Abstract:

    Nowadays the dominant oil and gas exploration theory has gradually transformed from “Source control theory”, “Belt controlled theory” to “Facies control theory”, and the exploration target mainly aims at the subtle reservoirs such as the lithologic and stratigraphic reservoirs, the reservoir petrophysical facies shows great prospects and potential in predicting high quality reservoirs, evaluating reservoir parameters and researching the distribution of residual oil and gas since its being proposed in 1990s. Though the division of petrophysical facies has always been a hot topic among petroleum geologists, there is still no common understanding on the division method of petrophysical facies at present. The division methods of petrophysical facies can be mainly classified into two types: one is mathematical method; the other is dividing the petrophysical facies mainly through various geological data and related studies. But the applicable conditions of these two types of division methods are limited, and there are defects and disadvantages existing in the division schemes, what is worse, the naming of the divided petrophysical is not scientific. This article, based on a large amount of literatures at home and abroad, proposes a division method of petrophysical facies under the guidance of “facies control theories” according to the present situation and problem, that is, dividing the petrophysical facies through the superiposition and coupling of the main control factors of petrophysical facies: sedimentary facies, tectonic facies and diagenetic facies. The second Member of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Penglai Area is taken as an example to illustrate and testify the feasibility and accuracy of this method. The petrophysical facies of Xu 2 reservoir is divided and named by this method, then the quantitatively characterization method is proposed, and then the relationships between petrophysical facies types and oil and gas productivity are discussed and analyzed. Thus the division results of petrophysical facies can be used to predict and optimize the high quality reservoir bodies. The proposed method on the one hand can avoid the errors caused by the previous methods since it divides petrophysical facies from the aspects of geological facies, and the geological factors affecting the petroleum accumulation are fully taken into account, on he other hand, it can provide a more scientific naming scheme of petrophysical facies.

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杨宁,王贵文,赖锦,王书南,柴毓,吴恒,张永辰,赵显令.2013.岩石物理相的控制因素及其定量表征方法研究[J].地质论评,59(3):563-574,[DOI].
.2013. Researches of the Control Factors and the Quantitatively Characterization Method of Reservoir Petrophysical Facies[J]. Geological Review,59(3):563-574.

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