Based on the study structural features of the western Qaidam Basin. The first, the writers analyzed the western Qaidam Basin regional tectonic background, the writers held that the Cenozoic Qaidam Basin appertain the giant peripheral Qinghai—Xizang(Tibet) Plateau basin—mountain system, the Altun foreland thrust—fold belt developed in the transitional zone between the mountain and the basin, the thrust activities controlled by the tectonic movement of the Indian Plate and Qinghai—Xizang Plateau during the Himalayan era. The second, on the basis of strike slip fault scale and deposition effect on the entire basin, the writers held that the strike slip fault in the western Qaidam Basin can be graded into basin scale, zone scale, trap scale and microscope scale, the complicated strike slip fault and relevant tectonic combination in the western Qaidam Basin are related to tectonic movement and tectonic evolution, based on the structural evolution, analysed the strike slip fault cause of formation in the western Qaidam. The third, the paper discusses how strike slip faults impact on trap formation, oil and gas transmission, and forming reservoirs, and how strike slip faults are related to oil and gas accumulation; the strike slip fault play an important role in oil and gas forming reservoirs, and controlling oil and gas accumulation and distribution, over the past few years, achieved good results in the exploration practice.