西藏谢通门县雄村斑岩型铜金矿床成因讨论——来自元素的空间分布特征的证据
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本文为国家科技支撑项目(编号2006BAB01A01)、天圆公司项目、青藏专项(编号1212010818089)、国家基础研究计划“印度—亚洲大陆主碰撞带成矿作用”973项目(编号 2002CB412607)的成果


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    摘要:

    西藏谢通门县雄村铜金矿的成矿与含眼球状石英斑晶的角闪石英闪长玢岩有关,并至少受3个玢岩岩枝控制。主成矿元素为Cu,伴生元素为Au、Ag、Zn、Pb,其他微量元素Mo、As、Ba、Bi、Cd、Co、Mn、Ni、Sb含量较高。元素在垂向上具有分带特征,即从矿体中心向外可依次划分为Cu、Au 、Ag、As、Sb、(Bi)→Co、Ni→Mo→Mn→Ba→Pb、Zn 、Cd、Bi、(Sb),上述元素的异常和组合是寻找和评价该类矿床的重要地球化学标志。矿床的形成经历了早期Cu—Au—Ag成矿和晚期Zn—Pb—Cu—Au—Ag成矿两个阶段:早期成矿阶段形成了Cu—Au—Ag主矿体,晚期叠加Zn—Pb—Cu—Au—Ag矿化。Cu与Au、Ag呈显著的正相关,Cu主要呈独立矿物黄铜矿产出,Au、Ag主要赋存于黄铜矿中。矿石的K/Na值为69、Rb/Sr值为0.8,显示出矿床矿富K、Sr和贫Na、Rb的成矿环境;而Au(平均品位0.6×10-6)>0.4×10-6、Au(0.6×10-6)/Cu(0.4%)>1和n(Cu)/n(Au)(为20678)<40000以及Mo(19.7×10-6),说明该矿床富金而贫钼。矿床所处的大地构造位置,成矿与偏中性的斑岩有关,元素组合特征,异常元素在垂向上的分带特征,主成矿阶段的Cu—Au—Ag矿化和晚期叠加的Zn—Pb—Cu—Au—Ag矿化,富Cu、Au、Ag和贫Mo的成矿元素组合及富K、Sr和贫Na、Rb的成矿环境,均表明矿床具有产于岛弧或类似岛弧环境的斑岩型铜金矿床的特征且叠加斑岩成矿系统晚期呈脉状产出的浅成低温热液型Zn—Pb—Cu—Au—Ag矿化。

    Abstract:

    Mineralization of the Xiongcun copper—gold deposit, Xietongmen County, Xizang(Tibet), related to hornblende quartz diorite porphyry with big quartz eyes and controlled by at least three porphyry epiphyses. Mainly mineralized element is Cu and associated elements are Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, Mo, and content of other elements such as As, Ba, Bi, Cd, Co, Mn, Ni, Sb etc. also high. Anomaly elements have zoning characteristics, from orebody center outward, zoning of anomaly elements is Cu, Au, Ag, As, Sb,(Bi)→Co, Ni→Mo→Mn→Ba→Pb, Zn, Cd, Bi,(Sb), anomaly and association of above mentioned elements are important geochemical orehunting indicator for such type deposit. Deposit is experienced early Cu—Au—Ag mineralization stage and late Pb—Zn—Cu—Au—Ag mineralization stage, early mineralization stage formed main Cu—Au—Ag ore body, late mineralization stage formed Pb—Zn and minor Cu—Au—Ag. Cu—Au—Ag show highly positive correlation, Cu mainly occurrence as chalcopyrite, Au—Ag mainly occurrence as isomorphism in the chalcopyrite. K/Na = 69 and Rb/Sr=08 show that oreformation environment in this deposit is riched in K—Sr and poor in Na—Rb, and Au(0.6×10-6) > 0.4×10-6, Au(0.6×10-6)/Cu(0.4%)>1, n(Cu)/n(Au)(20678)<40000 and Mo(19.7×10-6) show rich in Au and poor in Mo in this deposit . Based on the convergent margin tectonic setting, the mineralization association with hornblende quartz diorite porphyry with big quartz eyes, the association of anomaly elements , the zoning characteristics of anomaly elements, the early stage Cu—Au—Ag mineralization and late stage Pb—Zn—Cu—Au—Ag mineralization, the mineralization elements association of high Cu—Au—Ag and low Mo, and the oreformation environment of rich in K—Sr and poor in Na—Rb,it is considered that the Xiongcun copper gold deposit has the characteristics of arc island or similar arc island porphyry copper—gold deposit and late stage Pb—Zn—Cu—Au—Ag mineralization which occurs as veins in late stage of porphyry system overlap it.

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郎兴海,陈毓川,唐菊兴,李志军,邓起,黄勇,陈渊,张丽.2010.西藏谢通门县雄村斑岩型铜金矿床成因讨论——来自元素的空间分布特征的证据[J].地质论评,56(3):384-402,[DOI].
.2010.[J]. Geological Review,56(3):384-402.

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