This paper briefly reports the occurrence, fossil assemblage, preservational characteristics, and palaeogeography of the newly discovered Anisian Luoping Biota from Luoping County, Yunnan Province. The horizon containing the Luoping Biota is thinbedded micrite of the Second Member of the Guanling Formation, Ainsian Stage, Middle Triassic, as aged by stratigraphical correlation and fossil identification. This biota is characterized by diverse fishes and associated with reptiles, amphibians (?), echinoderms, arthropods (crustaceans and possible insects), bivalves, gastropods, as well as plants, and is unique in its peculiar preservation, wide distribution, huge abundance and high diversity of the fossils. The discovery and research of the Luoping Biota is of great significances in understanding the taphonomy, palaeoecology, palaeogeography of the Trassic marine fauna, especially the marine reptiles.