Studies of deformation structure in the eastern segment of the Altun fault zone indicate that it can be divided into the ductile sinistral strike-slip domain with subhorizontal stretching lineations (SS domain) and the contractional deformation domain with steeply plunging stretching lineations (PS). Moderate-angle plunging stretching lineations can been also found locally between the SS domain and PS domain. In the SS domain lots of shear sense indicators show sinistral strike-slip, features, and pure shear strain indicators are seen locally in outcrops perpendicular to foliations. However,in the PS domain lots of pure shear strain indicators are found in outcrops perpendicular to foliations , and sinistral shear indicators can been seen locally in subhorizontal outcrops. The phenomena show that in the SS domain horizontal simple shear is dominant with some pure shear strain, but in the PS domain pure shear strain is dominant with some horizontal simple shear. Therefore, The eastern segment of the Altun fault zone may be considered as a transpressional deformation zone which resulted from oblique convergence between the Tarim block and Qaidam block. During the ductile transpressional deformation, the deformation was partitioned into the dominantly sinistral strike-slip domain and the dominantly horizontal shortening and vertical stretching domains. The former brough about lateral movement paralled to the strike of the Altun fault zone, while the latter resulted in shortening of the Altun zone, crustal thickening and mountain uplift.