Abstract:The occurrence of fossil plants in cave deposits is relatively rare due tothe fact that none of the higher plants,whose structures alone are readily pre-servable,occupy a cave habitat.Unlike many species of mammals,especiallycarnivores,rodents and man himself,higher plants require a situation wheresunlight is a regular factor in the environment.A further disadvantage from

Abstract:Soils of China are subdivided,on the basis of morphological andchemical characteristics,into various broad groups which are correlated withthe similar types in Europe,America and various tropical regions. Pedalfers include 1. Strongly podzolized soils 2. Ground water podzols 3. Brown forest(?) soils 4. Gray-brown forest soils 5. Gray-brown forest claypans 6. Gray-brown forest soils of Szechuan Basin 7. Podzolized red earths 8. Older red earths with lateritic parent materials 9. Non-calcareous (?)oils of alluvial and lacustrine origin 10. Rice paddy podzolized soils. Pedocals include 1. Chernozem,mature and immature 2. Degraded chernozem 3. Chestnut earths,—both mature and immature dark and light chestnut earths 4. Gray desert soils and sand dunes 5. Calcareous soils of recent alluvial origin. Alkali soils include: 1. Solonetz-solonchak Complex 2. Saline soils of alluvial origin. A map shows the approximate distribution of the important types. The readet is reminded that the map is of a tentative nature in that itdoes not represent a complete knowledge of the soil geography of China.Borndaries between the various soil groups are subiect to change as moreinformation is accumulated.

Abstract:The chief Cenozoic formations of Kwangsi and Kwangtung have alreadybeen recognised and largely described,first by Richthofen,and later by severalgeologists who,in the course of the few past years,have made an extensivesurvey of this part of China~1.

Abstract:Ⅰ.HISTORICAL CONSPECTUS For years,the Pliocene deposits of North China,have been chieflyknown by the "slopes-facies" of their lowest horizons (Hipparion richtho-feni Pontian red clays,see:Andersson 1923).Gradually however,the pre-sence of extensive freshwater formations belonging to this age,has become

Abstract:1. Syclinal warping at the end of the Cretaceous time?(Phase Ⅲof Yenshan Movement?).Intermont sedimentation.Deposition of the lowerand middle portions of the Kuanchuang Series during the Eocene(and earlyOligocene?)time. 2. Block-faulting and progressive tilting during the late Oligocenetime(Nanling Movement).Accumulation of the "bajada breccias" in con-nection with the faulting and the inauguration of the Tanghsien consequentdrainage system. 3. Tanghsien erosion to full maturity during the Miocene time. 4. Prolonged period of chemical weathering.Fossil soils withmanganese-iron pisolites and karst surfaces formed(Pliocene). 5. Deposition of gravels(Late Pliocene?). 6. "Z erosion" of moderate dissection followed by the accumula-tion of the Concretionary Reddish Loams (Lower Pleis cene). 7. Chingshui dissection along old lines,followed by the deposition ofbrownish-gray loams and loess of the Malan epoch(Upper Pleistocene). 8. Present cycle of erosion and deposition.

Abstract:While on a trip to Szechuan in the spring of 1934,I spent a few days,together with Dr.G.B.Barbour and P.Teilhard de Chardin,at Wanhsien,inorder to visit the famous fossiliferous site of Yenchingkou.The latter site hadalready been visited and excavated in 1921-23 and 1925-26 by Dr.WalterGranger of the Third Asiatic Expedition of the American Museum of NaturalHistory~1.

Abstract:INTRODUCTION Mr.K.K.Chao (赵金科) of the National University of Peking hasrecently brought back several specimens of the Goniatites from the ShaitienchiaoSeries of Huaishuichuang (槐树荘) near T'iaomachien (跳马涧),Changsha

Abstract:INTRODUCTION The western part of Szechuan province is a great copper-bearing dis-trict.This mineralized region lies north of Penghsien (彭县) and extendingwith some interruptions to the south of Huili (会理).The hypothermal

Abstract:In the recently discovered iron ore deposit of Beiyin Obo~1,150 Kmnorth from Paoto,veins of fluorite are found in great abundance.The prin-cipal vein about 1 meter thick was reported to strike from east to west acrossthe iron body,and extending outward into the country rock of the Sinian

Abstract:On the whole the sequence of the Cenozoic formations in the Yangtzebasin and its provisional correlation with the Cenozoic sequence in North China,can be expressed in the following table: ON THE POSSIBILITY OF PREHISTORIC FINDS IN THE YANGTZE VALLEY (1) Generally speaking,possibilities of discovering traces of PalaeolithicMan in the Yangtze basin are rather limited,either on account of the poordevelopment of the Late Pleistocene beds,or on account of their unpromisingfacies(silt or mud). Nevertheless,methodical researches should be started in the extensivepits opened for brick industry in the lower terraces of the Yangtze,for instance,near Nanking in the Hsiasu Loam.Fig.12.An artifact collected on the ground west of Wanshien.Natural size. (2) An attractive field for the search of stony implements would bethe superficial deposits capping the 30-meter terrace developed so extensivelyalong the Yangtze.The Yuhuatai gravels,composing this terrace,contain alarge amount of siliceous pebbles remarkably fitted for the development of astony industry. (3) West of lchang,there is still a better material for stony implementsrepresented by the large pebbles of hard quartzite forming the gold-bearing gravel of the Yangtze.Most probably,if the Red Basin of Szechuan wascovered by loess,palaeolithic flakes would be common in its basal gravel.Un-fortunately,the Mesozoic ground is exposed almost everywhere,in a barrenand cultivated condition,this fact rendering researches difficult,and eventually,interpretation of finds rather difficult.Our figure 12 illustrates a retouchedflake of siliceous pebble collected along the Yangtze,some 10 kilometers westof Wanhsien(nght bank of the river).The specimen was picked up from theground,at a point a little higher than the loamy terrace 1 represented in ourfigure 11.The piece is distinctly incrusted,and differs by its shape from theNeolithic implements(mostly polished celts)commonly observed along theYangtze banks.But its pre-Neolithic age is impossible to prove. (4) As the most promising field for Palaeoanthropology still remainthe fossiliferous dissolution pits spread over the karstic plateaus of the Wanhsienarea.As observed by Granger,those pits have most been worked as naturaltraps,and never represented a dwelling place for animals.Yet the possibilityof discovering somewhere(as in Kwangsi,cf.Teilhard,...Chang,1935)anhabitated cave is not excluded. (5) A special re-investigation is necessary of the Tatsienlu area inwhich quartzite flakes associated with pot sherds have been collected in a kindof loess by Edgar and Bowles.Our own suspicion is that the Tatsionlu loessreally is Late Pleistocene,and the fragments of pottery secondary additions inthe deposits.