Orogenic gold deposits have important economic value, and the study of their metallogenic theory ishighly important for gold exploration and economic geology. The Cathaysia Block is an important W- Sn- Ag- Pb- Zn polymetallic metallogenic belt in China. In recent years, dozens of orogenic gold deposits have been discovered in the metamorphic terranes of the Cathaysia Block, providing a new topic for the study of metallogenesis in this area. Compared with the research on the W- Sn polymetallic deposits in the Cathaysia Block, research on orogenic gold deposits in the region is relatively rare, and the metallogenic mechanism has not yet been summarized. The orogenic gold deposits in the Cathaysia Block mainly include the Shuangqishan and Hebaoshan deposits in the Wuyishan area of eastern Cathaysia, the Hetai deposit in the Yunkai area of western Cathaysia, and the Baolun deposit on Hainan Island. This paper focuses on the geological and geochemical characteristics of these four deposits, their ages of mineralization, and the sources of ore- forming fluids and materials. This paper systematically summarizes the available data and literature to elucidate the spatiotemporal distribution patterns, mineralization mechanisms and geodynamic backgrounds of the orogenic gold deposits in the Cathaysia Block. The orogenic gold deposits in the Cathaysia Block mainly developed disseminated- alteration type and quartz- sulfide vein type mineralization, and the gold orebodies are mainly hosted by Precambrian metamorphic rocks and controlled by brittle- ductile shear zones. The ore- forming fluids are dominated by the H2O- CO2- NaCl±CH4±N2 system, and the main mineralization took place mainly at 220~280℃. Mineralizing fluids may have various sources, including metamorphic fluid and mantle- derived or magmatic hydrothermal fluid. Fluid immiscibility, increasing oxygen fugacity and bismuth melt scavenging in hydrothermal systems are the most important mechanisms for gold precipitation. Three periods of orogenic gold mineralization occurred in the Cathaysia Block, namely, the Caledonian, Indosinian and Yanshanian periods, which correspond to the geodynamic backgrounds of intracontinental orogeny, subduction and retreat of the Palaeo- Pacific plate, respectively.