The study of deep thermal energy convergence and enrichment processes is an important basis for geothermal resource exploration and evaluation. Geothermal Crust- Tectonic Thermal Control Theory is based on geodynamics theory, with the study of tectonic thermal control as the main line, through the theory and method of geotectonics, tectonic geology, geothermal geology and other disciplines, to study the process of deep thermal energy convergence and the distribution pattern of regional thermal anomalies, analyze the interaction between various tectonic elements and thermal control mechanism, explore the prediction method of geothermal resource target area, so as to guide the science of geothermal exploration. This paper systematically discusses the connotation and extension of Geothermal Crust- Tectonic Thermal Control Theory, proposes the objective natural law of “crustal- mantle thermal generation- tectonic thermal control- homogenous symbiosis” for geothermal resources in China, analyzes the pattern of crustal- mantle scale heat flow distribution in Chinas land area and the main thermal control structures affecting the shallow surface temperature field under different geological background conditions. The main geothermal systems in China, such as the North China basin, Qinghai- Tibet Plateau and southeast coast, were studied, and the main heat- controlling structures of geothermal systems in different tectonic backgrounds were identified by studying the geophysical processes affecting heat generation in the crust and mantle, heat transfer in the crust and heat gathering in the exploration target area, with the crustal structure heat- control theory as the guiding point and the heat search in the exploration area as the starting point, and the endogenous factor (crust- mantle heat generation) and exogenous factor (tectonic heat gathering) causes of heat- controlling effects as the entry point. From the traditional empirical heat search to the establishment of tectonic heat control prediction signs, and then to the cognition of conventional geothermal- unconventional geothermal coexistence and enrichment, the innovative development of theoretical understanding will lead and support the continuous realization of efficient exploration and exploitation of geothermal resources in China.