Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE), one of the most notable geological intervals ingeological history, was primarily marked by a striking increase in worldwide humidity at different latitudes during the hot and arid Carnian world. CPE not only altered the global sedimentary facies, but also exerted a profound impact on the process of biological evolution during Triassic. Different degrees of extinction and turnover of marine genera occurred across CPE. Bio- diversity of the most marine invertebrate and certain vertebrate decreased significantly, epitomized by a diversity reduction and even a crisis of extinction of Guanling biota. In post- CPE period, Dinosauria began to dominate the terrestrial ecology and ancestors of early Mesozoic and modern life began to take shape as well. Thus, CPE had written a new chapter of evolutionary history of modern organisms. The triggering mechanism of CPE mainly includes the following two aspects. Firstly, the megamonsoon circulation in the Late Triassic reached its peak in the Mid- Carnian period and affected the atmospheric precipitation in the region; secondly, extensive volcanic eruptions caused by plate activities caused global climate disturbance. Because the above two interpretations have not been well matched with other geological records in China, the occurrence sequence and development process of CPE in the eastern margin of Tethys are not clear. The research on the global plate change and paleoclimate simulation shall be conducted for the study of CPE triggering mechanism. Different from the slow restart of biological groups and gradual ecological recovery after the mass extinction in the Late Permian, the biological evolution and innovation during CPE contributed to the formation of modern biota in a short time. In China, the upper Triassic Carnian strata are widely distributed and well- developed, well preserved rich fauna and floral fossils, emphasizing its importance for the study of climate environmental change and ecological effects of Carnian. However, rather limited researches on CPE in China necessitate further basic geological work. Geological records of China on the eastern margin of Tethys are needed for us to develop a deep understanding of CPE process and environmental biological co- evolution relationship, and more Chinese comparative studies are required especially for a better research of the origin of modern biodiversity and the formation of contemporary ecosystem structure.