Huaibei Plain is located in the key zone of the transition from south to north in China. The study of its late Cenozoic sedimentation can not only provide basic data for the evolution of paleoclimate and environment in the Huaihe River basin, but also provide key information for the reconstruction of a complete climate and environment pattern from east to west in the Late Cenozoic in China. The lack of records of the Late Cenozoic from the transition zone of north and south China has hindered our understanding of the paleoclimate and environmental evolution in the area. Based on the analytical results of lithology, grain size, magnetic susceptibility and chroma of HN borehole sediments in the Huaibei Plain, combined with chronology, the paleoclimate and environmental evolution processes in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River since about 8. 0 Ma have been reconstructed. The climate of the Huaibei Plain was relatively dry and hot from 8. 0 to 7. 8 Ma, which was alluvial and pluvial facies environment; from 7. 8 to 7. 0 Ma, the climate became humid, which was a deep lake sedimentary environment; from 7. 0 to 3. 6 Ma, grain size, lightness, redness, and blueness were fluctuating with long period, denoting a river- lake alternation environment; the depositional environment was lake- river- floodplain environment from 3. 6 to 2. 7 Ma. The profiles of L*, a* and b* show simultaneous trends of gradually decreasing or increasing values during 3. 6~2. 7 Ma, and all the color proxies indicate an aridification trend in this region during this period, that maybe linked with global cooling. The grain size and L*, a* and b* were rapid and strong fluctuations indicating a rapid oscillating climate during the interval from 2. 7 to 1. 7 Ma. The climate was relatively dry from 1. 7 to 0. 75 Ma according to the lithology, grain size and color proxies analysis. From 0. 75 to 0. 55 Ma gray black silty clay indicate lake and marsh deposits, and the climate environment was cold and wet. In the last 0. 55 Ma, part of the layers developed calcium nodules, iron manganese nodules and preserved horizontal bedding and aquatic spirochetes suggest a floodplain sedimentary environment. This study is of great significance for reconstructing the Late Cenozoic climate and environment evolution in the South- North transition zone of China, and provides new evidence for understanding the Late Cenozoic climate pattern in Eastern China.