In the past more than 100 years since the “Annals of Mineral Resources of China” was first published by Gu Lang and Lu Xun in 1906, the Chinese society has undergone fundamental changes, and the Chinese nation has gradually embarked on a prosperous road from a semi- colonial and semi- feudal country. Mineral resources play an important role in this process of change. According to the requirements of “summarize the hundred years of exploration results and metallogenic regularity” in “Outline of the 13th Five- Year Plan for Land and Resources”, the research and compilation works of “Annals of Geology of Mineral Resources of China” have been comprehensively arranged and show substantial progress. Up to now, 59 achievement reports have been completed and a series of important achievements have been made e.g. unified technical requirements for research and compilation have been proposed, nearly 65,000 mineral deposits have been discovered in China, and 18 types of deposits have been classified. The stratigraphic classification scheme and stratigraphic system of some provinces have been revised and unified. The tectonic units and metallogenic zones and belts have been classified or modified, the tectonic pattern, evolution and mineralization have been discussed, metallogenic regularity of key Ⅲ- level metallogenic zone and belts has been summarized, and regional metallogenic model and metallogenic pedigree have been established. Some national or provincial level mineral annals and their popular editions have been completed or published; a batch of new geochemical/chronological data has been obtained which contribute to research on deposit genesis and metallogenic regularity of important mineral deposits such as tungsten, tin, manganese, nickel and antimony and so on, and some innovative results have been achieved such as South China Ocean tectonic evolution and mineralization, Precambrian mineralization etc. These achievements not only advance the theoretical research level of ore deposit geology, but also guide metallogenic prediction and prospecting outlook, and popularize the knowledge of mineral resources. The research and compilation work of these annals has accomplished not only research and service, but also delivered remarkable social benefits.