Hengyang Basin，one of the unique MesozoicCenozoic continental sedimentary basin in south China, has drawn a lot of attention on the aspect of the special formation mechanism and highly concentrated mineral resources. The terrain of Hengyang Basin is characterized by typical “MountainBasin System”. The regional gravity data show the characteristics of mantle uplift in Hengyang Basin. There are several deep faults intersect each other in EW, NW and NE direction, and a typical “arc structure” pattern. Moreover, the characteristics of igneous rocks and metallogenic element assemblage and isotope composition suggest a mantle origin. The properties show that the formation of the Hengyang Basin is genetically related to Mesozoic mantle plume of south China. The mineral resources in the Hengyang Basin and its surroundings are characterized by multiple minerals and intense enrichment. We found that the metallogenic age of Hengyang Basin span a long period of time dominated by the MesoCenozoic. The different ages mineralization and mineral assemblages have obvious specificity with regional magmatism and basin sedimentation. Hengyang basin and the surrounding areas are not only rich in nonferrous metals and non- metallic minerals, but also key minerals such as W, Sn, Nb Ta, Bi, Te, U, etc. However, the least studied have been carried out in Hengyang Basin. Therefore, in the process of deep prospecting exploration, there are “four points of attention, four points of strengthening” should be paid more attention.