Genesis of the Huangtian large lead- zinc deposit in Yunnan Province:constrains from fluid inclusions and C- H- O- S- Pb isotope geochemisty
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1.Institute of Mineral Resources, Chines Academy of Geological Sciences;2.Institute of geology and geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences;3.MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

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    Abstract:

    Tectonically located in the conjunction of southwestern Yangtze Block, Cathaysian Block and Sanjiang Block, the Huangtian lead- zinc deposit is in the south of Sichuan- Yunnan- Guizhou (SYG) Pb- Zn metallogenic domain, which belongs to the southern extension of Emeishan Large Igneous Province. Orebodies occur in the contact zone between lower Upper Permain Emeishan basalt and lower Permian Maokou Formation limestone, as well as nearby basaltic- carbonated breccia layers. This study presents new data on fluid inclusions and C- H- O- S- Pb isotopic compositions to discuss the genesis of the Huangtian lead- zinc deposit. Fluid inclusions analyses reveal that ore- forming fluid was characterized by stage evolution. The early sulfide- forming stage (Stage I) contains various types of fluid inclusions, including daughter mineral containing type, CO 2 - H 2 O type and H 2 O type, with homogenization temperatures of 245~320℃ (an average of 270℃). Fluid inclusions in the middle sulfide- forming stage (Stage II) and the late sulfide- forming stage (Stage Ⅲ) are dominated by H 2 O type, with homogenization temperatures of 180~250℃ (an average of 224℃) and 100~210℃(an average of 174℃), respectively. Homogenization temperatures and salinity of the ore- forming fluids gradually decreased from the early stage to late stage. Laser Raman analysis shows that the fluid inclusions are dominated by liquid H 2 O, and gaseous H 2 O, CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 . Carbon isotopic compositions ( δ 13 C PDB from -8.54‰ to 3.76‰) and oxygen isotopic compositions ( δ 18 O SMOW from 8.57‰ to 24.22‰) are plotted in the transition zone of primary carbonatite and marine carbonatite in the δ 18 O- δ 13 C diagram, suggesting that CO 2 was probably derived from mantle, dissolution of marine sedimentary carbonate, and dehydroxylation of organic matter in the sediments. Hydrogen isotopic compositions ( δ D from -97.4‰ to -71.4‰) and oxygen isotopic compositions ( δ 18 O H2O from -4.6‰ to 8.0‰) indicate that the ore- forming fluids were generated from the magmatic fluid, mixed with the meteoric water in later process and perhaps some seawater added. Sulfur isotopic compositions ( δ 34 S from -5.5‰ to 10.3‰) indicate that reduced sulfur was derived from basalts, ancient seawater sulfate and the carbonate strata by thermal- chemical sulfate reduction (TSR). 208 Pb/ 204 Pb, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb and 206 Pb/ 204 Pb ratios of ore sulfides are 38.320 to 39.365, 15.603 to 15.860, and 18.136 to 18.786, respectively, and all the data are plotted above the average line of crustal lead evolution and within the lead isotopic range of Emeishan Formation basalt, carbonatic rock and Proterozoic basement rocks. All these features suggest that ore- forming material was multiple in origin and homogenization of Pb isotopes occurred in hydrothermal fluids before the lead- zinc mineralization. Based on the origin of ore- forming material and fluids, as well as regional metallogenic geodynamic setting, it can be concluded that the Huangtian lead- zinc deposit belongs to an typical MVT deposit superimposed by magmatic hydrothermal reconstruction.

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LIU Ruilin, ZHANG Baolin, WU Guang, SHEN Xiaoli, LIU Jungang.2019. Genesis of the Huangtian large lead- zinc deposit in Yunnan Province:constrains from fluid inclusions and C- H- O- S- Pb isotope geochemisty[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,93(3):674-700

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History
  • Received:December 10,2017
  • Revised:June 15,2018
  • Adopted:June 16,2018
  • Online: February 25,2019
  • Published: