Notorious flood collapse event occurred in Zhumadian of Hunan province on August 1975, and shocked the world with its flood scale, huge stricken area and high death toll. Therefore, studying its occurrence regularity and climate background will be of great scientific significance. Through paleohydrological investigations carried out in Ruhe River, the Holocene loesssoil profiles with interbedded flood slackwater deposits (SWDs) were found in terrace I in the ZhumadianSuiping section of the Ruhe River, which records the climate hydrological events in Ruhe River. Systematic sampling was carried out in the Holocene loesssoil profiles at ZSX site in the Reaches of Ruhe River. Combined with particle sedimentary features, three sets of slackwater deposits (SWD) were identified within the Holocene loesssoil profiles, which are typical of suspended sediment load in the floodwater. Analysis of geochemical characteristics confirms the paleoflood slackwater deposits were the results of loess and soil on both sides of the Ruhe River during storm flood. The three palaeoflood sediments record three palaeoflood events occurring the last deglaciation and Holocene. By contrast of type stratigraphic profiles and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, precise stratigraphic chronology framework was constructed. Three palaeofloods were dated to 12000～11200 a BP, 4200～4000 a BP and 3200～3000 a BP, respectively, all occurring in globally climate change or transforming periods. This study shows that the monsoonal climate was highly variable with both droughts and floods occurring in the Huai River. Our results are of great significance to mitigate flood disasters and exploit water resources, as well as to understand hydrological response to global climatic change.