Asian Largest LeadZinc Ore Deposit: the Jinding Giant PbZn Deposit by Three Stages Superimposed Mineralization
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    Abstract:

    The Jinding leadzinc deposit, as Asia’s largest PbZn deposit, is a result of superposition of three stages of mineralization. Stage 1, the Triassic Sanhedong Formation is located above the Lower Triassic bimodel volcanic assemblage, marine faciesSEDEX type, (MSEDEX) sphaleritegalena±celestine±siderite deposit assemblage, and distributed in the west side of the Lanping basin. Stage2, the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene continental lacustrinefacies basinSEDEX type, (CSEDEX) ore deposit, is the Late Cretaceous and Paleocene period (~110Ma, ~65Ma), within “the high mountaindeep basin” formed by stress transformation from compressional to transpressional, resulted in the deep faultdepression lacustrine basin, along the side near the Bijiang Fault, the syngenetic fault, there occur formations of massive sulfides in Continentalfacies red sandstone basin, limestone breccia with varying accumulating in the foothills, getting smaller in size and reducing westward, getting into normal lacustrine red sandstone deposition; And in the lacustrine basin, sulfide deposition with zonation by temperaturecontrolling: at the northeast side of the basin, from Jiayashan to Beichang, mainly occur the finegrained sphalerites, while the southwest side, at the NanchangBeicaoping area, mainly occur finegrained galena. Stage 3, Neogene epithermal mineralization. Experiencing the thrusting and escaping at the eastern Tibet Plateau, the Mesozoic strata of the east Lanping basin were thrust from the east side to the west, the nappes even covering over the basin, forming the Jinding dome, sealing the previous leadzinc depositions in continentalfacies basin; meanwhile, elevating MSEDEX leadzinc deposit + celestine sequences within the Triassic Sanhedong Formation limestones westward over the dome, at the Paomaping area; by transformation of the stress form compression to transpressionextension during Pliocene, the stretching basin is formed and deep hydrothermal upwelling (in the WeixiTongdian Faul at the east side of the basin, the extension of the basin even producing the volumable trachytic volcanic rocks plus alkaline basaltic volcanic rocks), leading to the deep hydrothermal fluids fill along the Bijiang Fault and the subfaults or fractures transported into the dome with ample mineral, the orebearing hot brines replaced the limestone breccia with sulfate forming of gypsumsulfide breccia shell around the limestone breccia; at the same time, activated lead and zinc components and migrated to the thrust nappe with high porosity, the Jingxing Formation sandstone (K1j), formed the epithermal type (Epithermal type) of sandstonehosted leadzinc deposits. As a result, within the limited space of the Jinding dome presents the splendid scene of “three generations in the same room”. However, each generation of leadzinc (±sulfates) mineralization with different sulfur isotope characteristics: the Triassic Sanhedong stage MSEDEX leadzincselestine, has δ34S value in +10‰~+21‰, showing the characteristics of sulfur mainly from seawater sulfate; Late Cretaceous to Paleocene CSEDEX type finegrained leadzinc deposit (containing limestone breccia) has δ34S value -51‰ ~ 0‰, with a large range, involved in the characteristics of obwious biological effects; and Neogene sandstonehosted type leadzinc deposit, has δ34S value in -2‰~+5 ‰, showing the sulfur isotopic characteristics of deep source. It is the special tectonic evolution process, multistage mineralization superimposed and concentrated in a limited space that resulted in the formation of the Asia’s largest PbZn deposit.

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ZENG Pusheng, LI Hong, LI Yanhe, WANG Zhaoquan, WEN Ligang, LIU Siwen.2016. Asian Largest LeadZinc Ore Deposit: the Jinding Giant PbZn Deposit by Three Stages Superimposed Mineralization[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,90(9):2384-2398

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History
  • Received:May 01,2016
  • Revised:May 04,2016
  • Adopted:
  • Online: October 09,2016
  • Published: