This article has systematically collected global coordinates of carbonatite complexes with different ages, and obtained the distribution map of the main carbonatite complexes and their related minerals of the world using Arcgis. Based on the main structures worlwide, this study investiged the relationship of carbonatites and deepseated faults. Spatial distribution of carbonatites is often associated with extensional lithospheric tectonic background within intraplate and orogenic extensional environment. Under such tectonic setting, deep faults of tensional tectonic background can cut into the depth of the earth and provide upwelling channels for carbonatitic magma, thereby controlling the formation and distribution of carbonatites. Carbonatites occurred through all the geological periods from Archean to Cenozoic. But more carbonatites formed in later ages. The most significant petrological characteristic of carbonatite complexes is fenitization, containing aegirine, arfvedsonite, albite, phlogopite, potash feldspar and so on. The carbonatite complexes present certain of regularity in distribution of assocated alkaline rocks and ultramafic rocks in both plane and section. Major elements of carbonatites contain CO2, CaO, MgO, FeO, Fe2O3, MnO and SiO2. Carbonatites can divided into calcareous carbonatites, magnesial carbonatites, iron carbonatites and alkali carbonatites according to weight percentage of CaO, MgO, (FeO+Fe2O3+MnO) and alkali. Trace elements of carbonatite are LREE, Nb (Ta), Zr (Hf), F, P, alkali metals (K, Na, Rb, Cs, Li), alkaline earth metals (Sr, Ba), and Fe derived from above. Those trace elements are usually products of low partial melting of deep mantle caused by extensional deep faults which can form numerous important metal and nonmetal deposits in carbonatite complexes. The isotope and inclusion study of carbonatite complexes reflect the deep origin and evolution characteristics of the carbonate magma in different degrees. Therefore, carbonatite occurrence, unique mineral assemblages, wall rock alteration, petrology and geochemistry research data can provide evidence for understanding the evolution of deep magma and exploring the information of deep earth. In a recent decade’s study, there is high possibility to find existence of a new crustderived carbonatite.