Drilling is the only technical means to access the underground physical information, verify the inference and interpretation of underground information, define orebody and reserves, and evaluate the ore grade. It is an important technical support for materialization of major exploration results. Drilling technology and equipment of China has lagged behind compared with developed countries; however, a great progress has been made in the past years. With the implementation of the state major scientific program\" Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project\" CCSD #1 Well (a drilling depth up to 5158m), and a series of achievements made in drilling technology, a full set of scientific drilling techniques has been produced, including hard rock deep core drilling, reaming, mud, and well deviation control, which have reached to the international standards. Under the support of the research programs funded by the State Scientific and Technological Plan, The Ministry of State Land and Resources Scientific and Technological Plan, The Special Geosurvey Program, China's geodrilling technology has made great advances through research and application in wireline core drilling, fluid powered DTH drilling, reverse circulation drilling, combined drilling, intersected well drilling, new watersaving drilling, allhydraulic core drills, allhydraulic tophead water well drilling rig, shallow coring and sampling machines, diamond drill bits, drilling fluids, etc., which provide advanced drilling technology and equipment for geological and mineral exploration in China.