The Shanshui Basin is a Cenozoic rift basin in eastern China. It is important not only for its hydrocarbon reservoirs, but also for its superlarge silver deposit at Fuwan, large gold deposit at Changkeng, and numerous metal and nonmetal deposits with great oreprospecting potential. Both hydrocarbon reservoirs and metal resources are characterized by similar ages, structural constraints, sources and formation processes. Their emplacement was closely correlated to up rising of mantle plume and asthenosphere.