Based on well and seismic data, some paleo-uplifts and salt structures have been identified in the Kuqa depression. The Quele, Dabei-Tubei, Kelasu, Yiqikelike and Tugerming paleo-uplifts are located in the Kelasu-Yiqikelike and Qiulitage structural belt, as well as salt pillows, salt nappes and salt walls. The development of salt structures has very close relationships to the paleo-uplifts because the paleo-uplifts exerted important influences on the spatial distribution of salt thickness. Usually, salt bodies thickened on the middle top of basement paleo-uplifts and then formed salt pillows and salt walls, yet salt-weld and salt-fish structures commonly developed in the regions adjacent to the limbs of the paleo-uplifts where the salt thickness obviously declined, resulting from the viscous flowage of salt. In the Kuqa depression, the basement paleo-uplifts and salt structures have governed the hydrocarbon accumulations in that the paleo-uplifts can improve the reservoirs, can be the favorable areas for hydrocarbon migration and thick halite layers also afford very good seals for hydrocarbon preservation. In addition, the structural distortion of paleo-uplifts and salt structures formed many structural and subtle traps, and the faults and unconformities can form good hydrocarbon pathway systems.