en
×

分享给微信好友或者朋友圈

使用微信“扫一扫”功能。
作者简介:

李建华,男,1985年生。研究员,构造地质学专业,从事大陆变形、深部过程与动力学研究。第十届黄汲清青年地质科学技术奖获奖者。E-mail:lijianhua0301@126.com。

参考文献
Artemieva I M. 2022. Antarctica ice sheet basal melting enhanced by high mantle heat. Earth-Science Reviews, 226: 103954.
参考文献
Bahadori A, Holt W E. 2019. Geodynamic evolution of southwestern North America since the Late Eocene. Nature Communications, 10: 5213.
参考文献
Bendick R, Flesch L. 2007. Reconciling lithospheric deformation and lower crustal flow beneath centralTibet. Geology, 35(10): 895.
参考文献
Block L, Royden L H. 1990. Core complex geometries and regional scale flow in the lower crust. Tectonics, 9(4): 557~567.
参考文献
Boyer S E, Elliott D. 1982. Thrust systems. AAPG Bulletin, 66: 1196~1230.
参考文献
Brun J P. 1999. Narrow rifts versus wide rifts: Inferences for the mechanics of rifting from laboratory experiments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 357(1753): 695~712.
参考文献
Brun J P, Sokoutis D. 2010. 45 m. y. of Aegean crust and mantle flow driven by trench retreat. Geology, 38(9): 815~818.
参考文献
Brun J P, Sokoutis D, Tirel C, Gueydan F, Van Den Driessche J, Beslier M O. 2018. Crustal versus mantle core complexes. Tectonophysics, 746: 22~45.
参考文献
Brune S, Heine C, Pérez-Gussinyé M, Sobolev S V. 2014. Rift migration explains continental margin asymmetry and crustal hyper-extension. Nature Communications, 5: 4014.
参考文献
Buck W R. 1991. Modes of continental lithospheric extension. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 96(B12): 20161~20178.
参考文献
Bürgmann R, Dresen G. 2008. Rheology of the lower crust and upper mantle: Evidence from rock mechanics, geodesy, and field observations. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 36: 531~567.
参考文献
Charvet J, Lapierre H, Yu Yunwen. 1994. Geodynamic significance of the Mesozoic volcanism of southeastern China. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 9(4): 387~396.
参考文献
Charvet J, Shu Liangshu, Faure M, Choulet F, Wang Bo, Lu Huafu, Le Breton N. 2010. Structural development of the Lower Paleozoic belt of South China: Genesis of an intracontinental orogen. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 39(4): 309~330.
参考文献
Chen A. 1999. Mirror-image thrusting in the South China Orogenic Belt: Tectonic evidence from western Fujian, southeastern China. Tectonophysics, 305(4): 497~519.
参考文献
Chen Chenghong, Lee Chiyu, Lu H Y, Hsieh P S. 2008. Generation of Late Cretaceous silicic rocks in SE China: Age, major element and numerical simulation constraints. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 31(4~6): 479~498.
参考文献
Chen Jiangfeng, Jahn B M. 1998. Crustal evolution of southeastern China: Nd and Sr isotopic evidence. Tectonophysics, 284(1~2): 101~133.
参考文献
Chen Jingyuan, Yang Jinhui, Zhang Jiheng, Sun Jinfeng, Wilde S A. 2013. Petrogenesis of the Cretaceous Zhangzhou batholith in southeastern China: Zircon U-Pb age and Sr-Nd-Hf-O isotopic evidence. Lithos, 162~163: 140~156.
参考文献
Chen Jingyuan, Yang Jinhui, Zhang Jiheng. 2019. Multiple sources of Cretaceous granitoids in northeastern Fujian, coastal area of southeastern China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 182: 103939.
参考文献
Chen Ling, Jiang Mingming, Yang Jinhui, Wei Zigen, Liu Chuanzhou, Ling Yuan . 2014. Presence of an intralithospheric discontinuity in the central and western North China Craton: Implications for destruction of the craton. Geology, 42(3): 223~226.
参考文献
Christensen N I. 1996. Poisson's ratio and crustal seismology. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 101(B2): 3139~3156.
参考文献
Chu Yang, Faure M, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Ji Wenbin. 2012a. Tectonics of the Middle Triassic intracontinental Xuefengshan Belt, South China: New insights from structural and chronological constraints on the basal décollement zone. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 101(8): 2125~2150.
参考文献
Chu Yang, Lin Wei, Faure M, Wang Qingchen, Ji Wenbin. 2012b. Phanerozoic tectonothermal events of the Xuefengshan Belt, central South China: Implications from UPb age and LuHf determinations of granites. Lithos, 150: 243~255.
参考文献
Chu Yang, Lin Wei, Faure M, Xue Zhenhua, Ji Wenbin, Feng Zhentian. 2019. Cretaceous episodic extension in the South China Block, East Asia: Evidence from the Yuechengling massif of central South China. Tectonics, 38(10): 3675~3702.
参考文献
Collins W J. 2002. Nature of extensional accretionary orogens. Tectonics, 21(4): 1024.
参考文献
Costa S, Rey P. 1995. Lower crustal rejuvenation and growth during post-thickening collapse: Insights from a crustal cross section through a Variscan metamorphic core complex. Geology, 23(10): 905.
参考文献
Currie C A, Wang K, Hyndman R D, He Jiangheng. 2004. The thermal effects of steady-state slab-driven mantle flow above a subducting plate: The Cascadia subduction zone and backarc. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 223(1~2): 35~48.
参考文献
Dahlstrom C D A. 1969. Balanced cross sections. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 6(4): 743~757.
参考文献
DeCelles P G. 2004. Late Jurassic to Eocene evolution of the Cordilleran thrust belt and foreland basin system, western U. S. A. American Journal of Science, 304(2): 105~168.
参考文献
DeCelles P G, Ducea M N, Kapp P, Zandt G. 2009. Cyclicity in Cordilleran orogenic systems. Nature Geoscience, 2: 251~257.
参考文献
Deng Jinfu, Liu Houxiang, Zhao Hailing, Luo Zhaohua, Guo Zhengfu, Li Yuwen. 1996. Yanshanian igneous rocks and orogeny model in Yanshan-Liaoning area. Geoscience, 10 (2): 137~148(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Deng Jinfu, Su Shangguo, Zhao Hailing, Mo Xuanxue, Xiao Qinghui, Zhou Su, Liu Cui, Zhao Guochun. 2003. Deep processes of Mesozoic Yangshanian lithosphere thinning in North China. Earth Science Frontiers, 10(3): 41~50(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Deng Yangfan, Xu Yigang, Chen Yun. 2021. Formation mechanism of the North-South gravity lineament in eastern China. Tectonophysics, 818: 229074.
参考文献
Dickinson W R. 2004. Evolution of the North American Cordillera. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 32: 13~45.
参考文献
Doglioni C, Harabaglia P, Merlini S, Mongelli F, Peccerillo A, Piromallo C. 1999. Orogens and slabs vs. their direction of subduction. Earth-Science Reviews, 45(3~4): 167~208.
参考文献
Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Chen Xuanhua, Long Changxing, Wang Tao, Yang Zhenning, Hu Jianmin. 2008. The formation and deformational characteristics of East Asia multi-direction convergent tectonic system in Late Jurassic. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 29(3): 306~317(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Long Changxing, Yang Zhenyu, Ji Qiang, Wang Tao, Hu Jianming, Chen Xuanhua. 2008. Jurassic tectonic revolution in China and new interpretation of the “Yanshan movement”. Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition, 82(2): 334~347.
参考文献
Dong Shuwen, Gao Rui, Yin An, Guo Tonglou, Zhang Yueqiao, Hu Jianmin, Li Jianhua, Shi Wei, Li Qiusheng. 2013. What drove continued continent-continent convergence after ocean closure? Insights from high-resolution seismic-reflection profiling across the Daba Shan in central China. Geology, 41(6): 671~674.
参考文献
Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Li Hailong, Shi Wei, Xue Huaimin, Li Jianhua, Huang Shiqi, Wang Yongchao. 2018. The Yanshan orogeny and late Mesozoic multi-plate convergence in East Asia—Commemorating 90th years of the “Yanshan Orogeny”. Science China Earth Sciences, 61(12): 1888~1909.
参考文献
Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Cawood P A, Gao Rui, Zhang Yueqiao, Xin Yujia. 2020. Mantle influx compensates crustal thinning beneath the Cathaysia Block, South China: Evidence from SINOPROBE reflection profiling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 544: 116360.
参考文献
Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Gao Rui, Cawood P A, Thybo H, Johnston S T, Jiao Liqing, Zhang Yueqiao, Wang Jinming. 2023. Intraplate lithospheric extension revealed by seismic reflection profiling of South China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 609: 118100.
参考文献
Faure M, Marchadier Y, Rangin C. 1989. Pre-Eocene synmetamorphic structure in the Mindoro-Romblon-Palawan area, West Philippines, and implications for the history of Southeast Asia. Tectonics, 8(5): 963~979.
参考文献
Faure M, Shu Liangshu, Wang Bo, Charvet J, Choulet F, Monie P. 2009. Intracontinental subduction: A possible mechanism for the Early Palaeozoic orogen of SE China. Terra Nova, 21(5): 360~368.
参考文献
Fossen H, Gabrielsen R H, Faleide J I, Hurich C A. 2014. Crustal stretching in the Scandinavian Caledonides as revealed by deep seismic data. Geology, 42(9): 791~794.
参考文献
Fountain D M, Salisbury M H, Percival J. 1990. Seismic structure of the continental crust based on rock velocity measurements from the Kapuskasing uplift. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 95(B2): 1167~1186.
参考文献
Frederiksen S, Braun J. 2001. Numerical modelling of strain localisation during extension of the continental lithosphere. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 188(1~2): 241~251.
参考文献
Gao Rui, Chen Chen, Wang Haiyan, Lu Zhanwu, Brown L, Dong Shuwen, Feng Shaoying, Li Qiusheng, Li Wenhui, Wen Zhongping, Li Feng. 2016. SINOPROBE deep reflection profile reveals a Neo-Proterozoic subduction zone beneath Sichuan basin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 454: 86~91.
参考文献
Gao Shan, Rudnick R L, Carlson R W, McDonough W F, Liu Yongsheng. 2002. Re-Os evidence for replacement of ancient mantle lithosphere beneath the North China craton. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 198(3~4): 307~322.
参考文献
Gao Shan, Zhang Benren, Jin Zhenming, Kern H, Zhao Zidan. 1998. How mafic is the lower continental crust? Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 161(1~4): 101~117.
参考文献
Garzione C N, Hoke G D, Libarkin J C, Withers S, MacFadden B, Eiler J, Ghosh P, Mulch A. 2008. Rise of the Andes. Science, 320(5881): 1304~1307.
参考文献
Geng Hongyan, Xu Xisheng, O'Reilly S Y, Zhao Ming, Sun Tao. 2006. Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive magmatism in western Guangdong and its geological significance. Science in China Series D, 49(7): 696~713.
参考文献
Gerya T V, Burg J P. 2007. Intrusion of ultramafic magmatic bodies into the continental crust: Numerical simulation. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 160(2): 124~142.
参考文献
Gilder S A, Keller G R, Luo Ming, Goodell P C. 1991. Eastern Asia and the Western Pacific timing and spatial distribution of rifting in China. Tectonophysics, 197(2~4): 225~243.
参考文献
Gilder S A, Gill J, Coe R S, Zhao Xixi, Liu Zhongwei, Wang Genxian, Yuan Kuirong, Liu Wenlong, Kuang Guodun, Wu Haoruo. 1996. Isotopic and paleomagnetic constraints on the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of South China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 101: 16137~16154.
参考文献
Göğüş O H. 2015. Rifting and subsidence following lithospheric removal in continental back arcs. Geology, 43(1): 3~6.
参考文献
Gu Huangling, Yang Xiaoyong, Deng Jianghong, Duan Liuan, Liu Lei. 2017. Geochemical and zircon U-Pb geochronological study of the Yangshan A-type granite: Insights into the geological evolution in South Anhui, eastern Jiangnan Orogen. Lithos, 284~285: 156~170.
参考文献
Guo Feng, Fan Weiming, Li Chaowen, Zhao Liang, Li Hongxia, Yang Jinhui. 2012. Multi-stage crust-mantle interaction in SE China: Temporal, thermal and compositional constraints from the Mesozoic felsic volcanic rocks in eastern Guangdong-Fujian Provinces. Lithos, 150: 62~84.
参考文献
Guo Feng, Wu Yangming, Zhang Bo, Zhang Xiaobing, Zhao Liang, Liao Jie. 2021. Magmatic responses to Cretaceous subduction and tearing of the Paleo-Pacific Plate in SE China: An overview. Earth-Science Reviews, 212: 103448.
参考文献
Guo Lianghui, Gao Rui, Shi Lei, Huang Zhangrong, Ma Yawei. 2019. Crustal thickness and Poisson's ratios of South China revealed from joint inversion of receiver function and gravity data. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 510: 142~152.
参考文献
Gutscher M A, Maury R, Eissen J P, Bourdon E. 2000. Can slab melting be caused by flat subduction? Geology, 28(6): 535~538.
参考文献
Hamilton W. 1987. Plate-tectonic evolution of the western U. S. A. Episodes, 10(4): 271~277.
参考文献
Haschke M R, Scheuber E, Günther A, Reutter K J. 2002. Evolutionary cycles during the Andean orogeny: Repeated slab breakoff and flat subduction? Terra Nova, 14(1): 49~55.
参考文献
He Chuansong, Dong Shuwen, Santosh M, Chen Xuanhua. 2013. Seismic evidence for a geosuture between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, South China. Scientific Reports, 3: 2200.
参考文献
He Zhenyu, Xu Xisheng. 2012. Petrogenesis of the Late Yanshanian mantle-derived intrusions in southeastern China: Response to the geodynamics of Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Chemical Geology, 328: 208~221.
参考文献
Hou Zengqian, Pan Xiaofei, Yang Zhiming, Qu Xiaoming. 2007. Porphyry Cu-(Mo-Au)deposits no related to oceanic-slab subduction: Examples from Chinese porphyry deposits in continental settings. Geoscience, 21(2): 332~351(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Hu Ruizhong, Bi Xianwu, Zhou Meifu, Peng Jiantang, Su Wenchao, Liu Shen, Qi Huawen. 2008. Uranium metallogenesis in South China and its relationship to crustal extension during the Cretaceous to tertiary. Economic Geology, 103(3): 583~598.
参考文献
Huang Zhouchuan, Wang Pan, Zhao Dapeng, Wang Liangshu, Xu Mingjie. 2014. Three-dimensional P wave azimuthal anisotropy in the lithosphere beneath China. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 119(7): 5686~5712.
参考文献
Huang Zhouchuan, Gou Tao, Wang Liangshu. 2021. P and S wave tomography of east-central China: Insight into past and present mantle dynamics. Tectonophysics, 809: 228859.
参考文献
Huangfu Pengpeng, Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Li Zhonghai, Wang Yuming, Zhou Yongzhi. 2016. Numerical modeling of flat subduction: Constraints from the ocean-continent convergence velocity. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 40(3): 429~445(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Isozaki Y, Aoki K, Nakama T, Yanai S. 2010. New insight into a subduction-related orogen: A reappraisal of the geotectonic framework and evolution of the Japanese Islands. Gondwana Research, 18(1): 82~105.
参考文献
Jadamec M A. 2016. Insights on slab-driven mantle flow from advances in three-dimensional modelling. Journal of Geodynamics, 100: 51~70.
参考文献
Jahn B M. 1974. Mesozoic thermal events in southeast China. Nature, 248: 480~483.
参考文献
Jahn B M, Chen P Y, Yen T P. 1976. Rb-Sr ages of granitic rocks in southeastern China and their tectonic significance. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 87(5): 763.
参考文献
Jahn B M, Martineau F, Peucat J J, Cornichet J. 1986. Geochronology of the Tananao Schist complex, Taiwan, and its regional tectonic significance. Tectonophysics, 125: 103~124.
参考文献
Ji Wenbin, Faure M, Lin Wei, Chen Yan, Chu Yang, Xue Zhenhua. 2018. Multiple emplacement and exhumation history of the late Mesozoic Dayunshan-Mufushan batholith in southeast China and its tectonic significance: 1. Structural analysis and geochronological constraints. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 123(1): 689~710.
参考文献
Jia Dong, Wei Guoqi, Chen Zhuxin, Li Benliang, Zeng Qing, Yang Guang. 2006. Longmen Shan fold-thrust belt and its relation to the western Sichuan basin in central China: New insights from hydrocarbon exploration. AAPG Bulletin, 90(9): 1425~1447.
参考文献
Jia Lihui, Mao Jingwen, Liu Peng, Yu Miao. 2020. Crust-mantle interaction during subduction zone processes: Insight from late Mesozoic I-type granites in eastern Guangdong, SE China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 192: 104284.
参考文献
Jiang Xiaoyan, Deng Jianghong, Luo Jincheng, Zhang Lipeng, Luo Zebin, Yan Haibo, Sun Weidong. 2020. Petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous adakites in Tongguanshan Cu-Au polymetallic deposit, Tongling region, eastern China. Ore Geology Reviews, 126: 103717.
参考文献
Jiang Xiaoyan, Li Xianhua. 2014. In situ zircon U-Pb and Hf-O isotopic results for Ca. 73 Ma granite in Hainan Island: Implications for the termination of an Andean-type active continental margin in southeast China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 82: 32~46.
参考文献
Jiang Xiaoyan, Luo Jincheng, Guo Jia, Wu Kai, Zhang Zhekun, Sun Weidong, Xia Xiaoping. 2018. Geochemistry of I- and A-type granites of the Qingyang-Jiuhuashan complex, eastern China: Insights into Early Cretaceous multistage magmatism. Lithos, 316~317: 278~294.
参考文献
Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Peng, Zhou Qing, Liao Shiyong, Jin Guodong. 2011. Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Early Cretaceous S- and A-type granites in the northwest of the Gan-Hang Rift, SE China. Lithos, 121(1~4): 55~73.
参考文献
John B M, Zhou X H, Li J L. 1990. Formation and tectonic evolution ofsoutheastern China and Taiwan: Isotopic and geochemical constraints. Tectonophysics, 183: 145~160.
参考文献
Jolivet L, Augier R, Faccenna C, Negro F, Rimmele G, Agard P, Robin C, Rossetti F, Crespo-Blanc A. 2008. Subduction, convergence and the mode of backarc extension in the Mediterranean region. Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France, 179(6): 525~550.
参考文献
Jolivet L, Menant A, Clerc C, Sternai P, Bellahsen N, Leroy S, Pik R, Stab M, Faccenna C, Gorini C. 2018. Extensional crustal tectonics and crust-mantle coupling, a view from the geological record. Earth-Science Reviews, 185: 1187~1209.
参考文献
Kaban M K, Mooney W D, Petrunin A G. 2015. Cratonic root beneath North America shifted by basal drag from the convecting mantle. Nature Geoscience, 8: 797~800.
参考文献
Kerrich R, Goldfarb R, Groves D, Garwin S. 2000. The geodynamics of world-class gold deposits: Characteristics, space-time distribution, and origins. Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry, 13: 501~551.
参考文献
Klemperer S L, Hauge T A, Hauser E C, Oliver J E, Potter C J. 1986. The Moho in the northern basin and range province, Nevada, along the COCORP 40°N seismic-reflection transect. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 97(5): 603.
参考文献
Klemperer S L. 1988. Crustal thinning and nature of extension in the northern North Sea from deep seismic reflection profiling. Tectonics, 7(4): 803~821.
参考文献
Lapierre H, Jahn B M, Charvet J, Yu Y W. 1997. Mesozoic felsic arc magmatism and continental olivine tholeiites in Zhejiang Province and their relationship with the tectonic activity in southeastern China. Tectonophysics, 274(4): 321~338.
参考文献
Li He, Ling Mingxing, Li Congying, Zhang Hong, Ding Xing, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Li Yiliang, Sun Weidong. 2012. A-type granite belts of two chemical subgroups in central eastern China: Indication of ridge subduction. Lithos, 150: 26~36.
参考文献
Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Johnston S T. 2014. Cretaceous tectonic evolution of South China: A preliminary synthesis. Earth-Science Reviews, 134: 98~136.
参考文献
Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Yin An, Zhang Yueqiao, Shi Wei. 2015. Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Daba Shan thrust belt in the southern Qinling Orogen, central China: Constraints from surface geology and reflection seismology. Tectonics, 34(8): 1545~1575.
参考文献
Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Cui Jianjun, Xin Yujia. 2016. New insights into Phanerozoic tectonics of South China: Part 1, polyphase deformation in the Jiuling and Lianyunshan domains of the central Jiangnan Orogen. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 121(4): 3048~3080.
参考文献
Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Dong Shuwen, Koppers A, Miggins D P, Sun Hanshen, Wang Wenbao, Xin Yujia. 2017. New insights into Phanerozoic tectonics of South China: Early Paleozoic sinistral and Triassic dextral transpression in the East Wuyishan and Chencai domains, NE Cathaysia. Tectonics, 36(5): 819~853.
参考文献
Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Cawood P A, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Zhang Yueqiao, Xin Yujia. 2018. An Andean-type retro-arc foreland system beneath northwest South China revealed by SINOPROBE profiling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 490: 170~179.
参考文献
Li Jianhua, Cawood P A, Ratschbacher L, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Xin Yujia, Yang Hang, Zhang Peixing. 2020. Building Southeast China in the late Mesozoic: Insights from alternating episodes of shortening and extension along the Lianhuashan fault zone. Earth-Science Reviews, 201: 103056.
参考文献
Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Gao Rui, Cawood P A, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Li Qiusheng, Xin Yujia, Wang Jinming, Lü Fang. 2022. The thinnest crust in South China associated with the Cretaceous lithospheric extension: Evidence from SINOPROBE seismic reflection profiling. Tectonics, 41(8): e2022TC007240.
参考文献
Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Cawood P A, Thybo H, Clift P D, Johnston S T, Zhao Guochun, Zhang Yueqiao. 2023. Cretaceous long-distance lithospheric extension and surface response in South China. Earth-Science Reviews, 243: 104496.
参考文献
Li Sanzhong, Zhang Yong, Guo Lingli, Suo Yanhui, Cao Huahua, Li Xiyao, Zhou Zaizheng. 2017. Mesozoic deformation and accretionary orogenic processes around the Nadanhada Terrane. Earth Science Frontiers, 24(4): 200~212(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Sanzhong, Suo Yanhui, Li Xiyao, Wang Yongming, Cao Xianzhi, Wang Pengcheng, Guo Lingli, Yu Shengyao, Lan Haoyuan, Li Shaojun, Zhao Shujuan, Zhou Zaizheng, Zhang Zhen, Zhang Guowei. 2018. Mesozoic plate subduction in West Pacific and tectono-magmatic response in the East Asian ocean-continent connection zone. Chinese Science Bulletin, 63 (16): 1550~1593(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Xianhua. 2000. Cretaceous magmatism and lithospheric extension in Southeast China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 18(3): 293~305.
参考文献
Li Xianhua. 2021. The major driving force triggering breakup of supercontinent: Mantle plumes or deep subduction?Acta Geologica Sinica, 95(1): 20~31(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Xianhua, Chen Zhigang, Liu Dunyi, Li Wuxian. 2003. Jurassic gabbro-granite-syenite suites from southern Jiangxi Province, SE China: Age, origin, and tectonic significance. International Geology Review, 45(10): 898~921.
参考文献
Li Xianhua, Chung Sunlin, Zhou Hanwen, Lo Chinghua, Liu Ying, Chen Changhwa. 2004. Jurassic intraplate magmatism in southern Hunan-eastern Guangxi: 40Ar/39Ar dating, geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotopes and implications for the tectonic evolution of SE China. Geological Society of London Special Publications, 226(1): 193~215.
参考文献
Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Li Zhengxiang, Lo Chinghua, Wang Jian, Ye Meifang, Yang Yueheng. 2009. Amalgamation between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China: Constraints from SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages, geochemistry and Nd-Hf isotopes of the Shuangxiwu volcanic rocks. Precambrian Research, 174(1~2): 117~128.
参考文献
Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Wang Xuance, Li Qiuli, Liu Yu, Tang Guoqiang, Gao Yuya, Wu Fuyuan. 2010. SIMS U-Pb zircon geochronology of porphyry Cu-Au-(Mo) deposits in the Yangtze River metallogenic belt, eastern China: Magmatic response to Early Cretaceous lithospheric extension. Lithos, 119(3~4): 427~438.
参考文献
Li Zhen, Qiu Jiansheng, Yang Xuemei. 2014. A review of the geochronology and geochemistry of Late Yanshanian (Cretaceous) plutons along the Fujian coastal area of southeastern China: Implications for magma evolution related to slab break-off and rollback in the Cretaceous. Earth-Science Reviews, 128: 232~248.
参考文献
Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua. 2007. Formation of the 1300-km-wide intracontinental orogen and postorogenic magmatic province in Mesozoic South China: A flat-slab subduction model. Geology, 35(2): 179.
参考文献
Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua, Wartho J A, Clark C, Li Wuxian, Zhang Chuanlin, Bao Chaomin. 2010. Magmatic and metamorphic events during the Early Paleozoic Wuyi-Yunkai orogeny, southeastern South China: New age constraints and pressure-temperature conditions. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 122(5~6): 772~793.
参考文献
Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua, Chung Sunlin, Lo Chinghua, Xu Xisheng, Li Wuxian. 2012. Magmatic switch-on and switch-off along the South China continental margin since the Permian: Transition from an Andean-type to a Western Pacific-type plate boundary. Tectonophysics, 532~535: 271~290.
参考文献
Lin Shoufa, Xing Guangfu, Davis D W, Yin Changqing, Wu Meiling, Li Longming, Jiang Yang, Chen Zhihong. 2018. Appalachian-style multi-terrane Wilson cycle model for the assembly of South China. Geology, 46(4): 319~322.
参考文献
Lin Wei, Faure M, Monié P, Schärer U, Zhang Liangsheng, Sun Yan. 2000. Tectonics of SE China: New insights from the Lushan massif (Jiangxi Province). Tectonics, 19(5): 852~871.
参考文献
Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Chen Ke. 2008. Phanerozoic tectonics of South China Block: New insights from the polyphase deformation in the Yunkai massif. Tectonics, 27(6): TC6004.
参考文献
Ling Mingxing, Wang Fangyue, Ding Xing, Hu Yanhua. 2009. Cretaceous ridge subduction along the Lower Yangtze River belt, eastern China. Economic Geology, 104(2): 303~321.
参考文献
Lister G S, Davis G A. 1989. The origin of metamorphic core complexes and detachment faults formed during Tertiary continental extension in the northern Colorado River region, U. S. A. Journal of Structural Geology, 11(1~2): 65~94.
参考文献
Liu Lei, Xu Xisheng, Xia Yan. 2016. Asynchronizing paleo-Pacific slab rollback beneath SE China: Insights from the episodic Late Mesozoic volcanism. Gondwana Research, 37: 397~407.
参考文献
Liu Lijun, Peng Diandian, Liu Liang, Chen Ling, Li Sanzhong, Wang Yaoyi, Cao Zebin, Feng Mingye. 2021. East Asian lithospheric evolution dictated by multistage Mesozoic flat-slab subduction. Earth Science Reviews, 217: 103621.
参考文献
Liu Shaofeng, Qian Tao, Li Wangpeng, Dou Guoxing, Wu Peng. 2015. Oblique closure of the northeastern Paleo-Tethys in central China. Tectonics, 34(3): 413~434.
参考文献
Liu Xuan, Fan Hongrui, Santosh M, Hu Fangfang, Yang Kuifeng, Li Qiuli, Yang Yueheng, Liu Yongsheng. 2012. Remelting of Neoproterozoic relict volcanic arcs in the Middle Jurassic: Implication for the formation of the Dexing porphyry copper deposit, southeastern China. Lithos, 150: 85~100.
参考文献
Lu Fengxiang, Zheng Jianping, Li Wuping, Chen Meihua, Cheng Zhongmei. 2000. The main evolution pattern of Phanerozoic mantle in the eastern China: The “Mushroom Cloud” model. Earth Science Frontiers, 7(1): 97~108 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Magni V. 2019. The effects of back-arc spreading on arc magmatism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 519: 141~151.
参考文献
Mao Jingwen, Xie Guiqing, Li Xiaofeng, Zhang Changqing, Mei Yanxiong. 2004. Mesozoic large scale mineralization and multiple lithospheric extension in South China. Earth Science Frontiers, 11(1): 45~55(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Mao Jingwen, Xie Guiqing, Guo Chunli, Yuan Shunda, Cheng Yanbo, Chen Yuchuan. 2008. Spatial-temporal distribution of Mesozoic ore deposits in South China and their metallogenic settings. Geological Journal of China Universities, 14(4): 510~526(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Mao Jingwen, Zhang Jiandong, Pirajno F, Ishiyama D, Su Huimin, Guo Chunli, Chen Yuchuan. 2011. Porphyry Cu-Au-Mo-epithermal Ag-Pb-Zn-distal hydrothermal Au deposits in the Dexing area, Jiangxi Province, East China—A linked ore system. Ore Geology Reviews, 43(1): 203~216.
参考文献
Mao Jingwen, Cheng Yanbo, Chen Maohong, Pirajno F. 2013. Major types and time-space distribution of Mesozoic ore deposits in South China and their geodynamic settings. Mineralium Deposita, 48(3): 267~294.
参考文献
Meng Lifeng, Li Zhengxiang, Chen Hanlin, Li Xianhua, Wang Xuance. 2012. Geochronological and geochemical results from Mesozoic basalts in southern South China Block support the flat-slab subduction model. Lithos, 132~133: 127~140.
参考文献
Meyer C, Schellart W P. 2013. Three-dimensional dynamic models of subducting plate-overriding plate-upper mantle interaction. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 118(2): 775~790.
参考文献
Molnar P, Tapponnier P. 1975. Cenozoic Tectonics of Asia: Effects of a continental collision: Features of recent continental tectonics in Asia can be interpreted as results of the India-Eurasia collision. Science, 189(4201): 419~426.
参考文献
Naviset S, Morley C K, Naghadeh D H, Ghosh J. 2017. Sill emplacement during rifting and inversion from three-dimensional seismic and well data, Phitsanulok basin, Thailand. Geosphere, 13(6): 2017~2040.
参考文献
Nelson K D. 1992. Are crustal thickness variations in old mountain belts like the Appalachians a consequence of lithospheric delamination? Geology, 20(6): 498~502.
参考文献
Percival J A, Green A G, Milkereit B, Cook F A, Geis W, West G F. 1989. Seismic reflection profiles across deep continental crust exposed in the Kapuskasing uplift structure. Nature, 342: 416~420.
参考文献
Qi Youqiang, Hu Ruizhong, Liu Shen, Coulson I M, Qi Huawen, Tian Jianji, Feng Caixia, Wang Tao. 2012. Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of Mesozoic mafic dikes from the Gan-Hang tectonic belt, South China: Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance. International Geology Review, 54(8): 920~939.
参考文献
Qi Youqiang, Hu Ruizhong, Liu Shen, Coulson I M, Qi Huawen, Tian Jianji, Zhu Jingjing. 2016. Petrogenesis and geodynamic setting of Early Cretaceous mafic-ultramafic intrusions, South China: A case study from the Gan-Hang tectonic belt. Lithos, 258~259: 149~162.
参考文献
Qian Jiahui, Yin Changqing, Zhang Jian, Jin Xin. 2021. Early Paleozoic high-temperature metamorphism of garnet amphibolite in the Longyou area, Cathaysia Block of South China: P-T path and tectonic implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 213: 104744.
参考文献
Qiu Liang, Yan Danping, Yang Wenxin, Wang Jibin, Tang Xiangli, Ariser S. 2017. Early to Middle Triassic sedimentary records in the Youjiang Basin, South China: Implications for Indosinian orogenesis. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 141: 125~139.
参考文献
Qiu Liang, Kong Ruoyan, Yan Danping, Mu Hongxu, Sun Weihua, Sun Shouheng, Han Yangguang, Li Chengming, Zhang Liangliang, Cao Fude, Ariser S. 2022a. Paleo-Pacific plate subduction on the eastern Asian margin: Insights from the Jurassic foreland system of the overriding plate. GSA Bulletin, 134(9~10): 2305~2320.
参考文献
Qiu Liang, Li Xue, Li Xiaowei, Yan Danping, Ren Minghua, Zhang Liangliang, Cheng Guangsuo. 2022b. Petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous intermediate to felsic rocks in Shanghai, South China: Magmatic response to Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Tectonophysics, 838: 229469.
参考文献
Qiu Yumin M, Gao Shan, McNaughton N J, Groves D I, Ling Wenli. 2000. First evidence of >3. 2 Ga continental crust in the Yangtze craton of South China and its implications for Archean crustal evolution and Phanerozoic tectonics. Geology, 28(1): 11~14.
参考文献
Rapp R P, Watson E B. 1995. Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling. Journal of Petrology, 36(4): 891~931.
参考文献
Ren Jishun. 1990. On the geotectonics of southern China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 4: 275~288(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Rey P. 1993. Seismic and tectono-metamorphic characters of the lower continental crust in Phanerozoic areas: A consequence of post-thickening extension. Tectonics, 12(2): 580~590.
参考文献
Rosenberg C L, Handy M R. 2005. Experimental deformation of partially melted granite revisited: Implications for the continental crust. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 23(1): 19~28.
参考文献
Schellart W P. 2020. Control of subduction zone age and size on flat slab subduction. Frontiers in Earth Science, 8: 26.
参考文献
Schellart W P, Moresi L. 2013. A new driving mechanism for backarc extension and backarc shortening through slab sinking induced toroidal and poloidal mantle flow: Results from dynamic subduction models with an overriding plate. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 118(6): 3221~3248.
参考文献
Shen Weisen, Wiens D A, Stern T, Anandakrishnan S, Aster R C, Dalziel I, Hansen S, Heeszel D S, Huerta A, Nyblade A, Wilson T J, Winberry J P. 2018. Seismic evidence for lithospheric foundering beneath the southern Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. Geology, 46(1): 71~74.
参考文献
Shi Wei, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Hu Jianmin, Wiesinger M, Ratschbacher L, Jonckheere R, Li Jianhua, Tian Mi, Chen Hong, Wu Guoli, Ma Licheng, Li Hailong. 2012. Intra-continental Dabashan orocline, southwestern Qinling, central China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 46: 20~38.
参考文献
Shu Liangshu, Deng Ping, Wang Bin, Tan Zhengzhong, Yu Xinqi, Sun Yan. 2004. Lithology, kinematics and geochronology related to Late Mesozoic basin-mountain evolution in the Nanxiong-Zhuguang area, South China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 47(8): 673~688.
参考文献
Shu Liangshu, Faure M, Wang Bo, Zhou Xinmin, Song Biao. 2008. Late Palaeozoic-Early Mesozoic geological features of South China: Response to the Indosinian collision events in Southeast Asia. Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 340(2~3): 151~165.
参考文献
Shu Liangshu, Jahn B M, Charvet J, Santosh M, Wang Bo, Xu X S, Jiang S Y. 2014. Early Paleozoic depositional environment and intraplate tectono-magmatism in the Cathaysia Block (South China): Evidence from stratigraphic, structural, geochemical and geochronological investigations. American Journal of Science, 314(1): 154~186.
参考文献
Shu Liangshu, Wang Bo, Cawood P A, Santosh M, Xu Zhiqin. 2015. Early Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic intraplate tectonic and magmatic events in the Cathaysia Block, South China. Tectonics, 34(8): 1600~1621.
参考文献
Shu Liangshu, Yao Jinlong, Wang Bo, Faure M, Charvet J, Chen Yan. 2021. Neoproterozoic plate tectonic process and Phanerozoic geodynamic evolution of the South China Block. Earth-Science Reviews, 216: 103596.
参考文献
Shu Liangshu, Zhou Xinmin, Deng P, Wang Bo, Jiang S Y, Yu J H, Zhao X X. 2009. Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Southeast China Block: New insights from basin analysis. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 34(3): 376~391.
参考文献
Sillitoe R H. 1972. A plate tectonic model for the origin of porphyry copper deposits. Economic Geology, 67(2): 184~197.
参考文献
Song Zhigang, Han Zuozhen, Gao Lihua, Geng Hongyan, Li Xuping, Meng Fanxue, Han Mei, Zhong Wenjian, Li Jingjing, Du Qingxiang, Yan Junlei, Liu Hui. 2018. Permo-Triassic evolution of the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt revisited: Insights from Late Permian igneous suite in the Daheishan Horst, NE China. Gondwana Research, 56: 23~50.
参考文献
Sternai P, Jolivet L, Menant A, Gerya T. 2014. Driving the upper plate surface deformation by slab rollback and mantle flow. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 405: 110~118.
参考文献
Su Haiyan, Yang Yang, Wang Chengcheng, Liu Yican, Groppo C, Rolfo F. 2021. Petrogenesis and tectonic significance of Neoarchean (~2. 6 Ga) alkaline ultrapotassic granitic gneisses from the southeastern marginof the North China Craton: Constraints from U-Pb dating, Hf isotope and petrogeochemistry. Lithos, 398~399: 106324.
参考文献
Sun Weidong, Ding Xing, Hu Yanhua, Li Xianhua. 2007. The golden transformation of the Cretaceous plate subduction in the West Pacific. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 262(3~4): 533~542.
参考文献
Sun Weidong, Ling Mingxing, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Ding Xing, Liang Huaying. 2010. Ridge subduction and porphyry copper-gold mineralization: An overview. Science China Earth Sciences, 53(4): 475~484.
参考文献
Sun Weidong, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Wu Fuyuan. 2012. Mesozoic large scale magmatism and mineralization in South China: Preface. Lithos, 150: 1~5.
参考文献
Suo Yanhui, Li Sanzhong, Jin Chong, Zhang Yong, Zhou Jie, Li Xiyao, Wang Pengcheng, Liu Ze, Wang Xinyu, Somerville I. 2019. Eastward tectonic migration and transition of the Jurassic-Cretaceous Andean-type continental margin along Southeast China. Earth-Science Reviews, 196: 102884.
参考文献
Tao Lu, Pan Fabin, Liu Rong, Jin Chong, Jia Baojian, He Xiaobo. 2020. Petrogenesis of the Cretaceous granitoids in Zhejiang, northeast South China Block and their implications for episodic retreat and roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. GSA Bulletin, 132(7~8): 1514~1536.
参考文献
Tapponnier P, Peltzer G, Le Dain A Y, Armijo R, Cobbold P. 1982. Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with plasticine. Geology, 10(12): 611.
参考文献
Thybo H, Youssof M, Artemieva I M. 2019. Southern Africa crustal anisotropy reveals coupled crust-mantle evolution for over 2 billion years. Nature Communications, 10: 5445.
参考文献
Tong W X, Tobisch O T. 1996. Deformation of granitoid plutons in the Dongshan area, southeast China: Constraints on the physical conditions and timing of movement along the Changle-Nanao shear zone. Tectonophysics, 267(1~4): 303~316.
参考文献
Uyeda S, Kanamori H. 1979. Back-arc opening and the mode of subduction. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 84(B3): 1049~1061.
参考文献
Wang Dezi, Shu Liangshu. 2012. Late Mesozoic basin and range tectonics and related magmatism in Southeast China. Geoscience Frontiers, 3(2): 109~124.
参考文献
Wang Jian, Li Zheng-Xiang. 2003. History of Neoproterozoic rift basins in South China: Implications for Rodinia break-up. Precambrian Research, 122(1~4): 141~158.
参考文献
Wang Lijun, Zhang Kexin, Lin Shoufa, He Weihong, Yin Leiming. 2022. Origin and age of the Shenshan tectonic mélange in the Jiangshan-Shaoxing-Pingxiang fault and late Early Paleozoic juxtaposition of the Yangtze block and the West Cathaysia terrane, South China. GSA Bulletin, 134(1~2): 113~129.
参考文献
Wang Lijun, Lin Shoufa, Xiao Wenjiao. 2023. Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks of South China: Their separate positions in Gondwana until Early Paleozoic juxtaposition. Geology, 51(8): 723~727.
参考文献
Wang Menghao, Qian Xin, Wang Weitao, Gan Chengshi, Zhang Yipeng, Liu Kang, Jin Ruizhi. 2023. Ar-Ar ages and geochemistry of Late Cretaceous basalts in the Nanxiong basin, SE China: Constraints on the subduction and rollback of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 253: 105732.
参考文献
Wang Qiang, Xu Jifeng, Jian Ping, Bao Zhiwei, Zhao Zhenhuan, Li Chaofeng, Xiong Xiaolin, Ma Jinlong. 2006. Petrogenesis of adakitic porphyries in an extensional tectonic setting, Dexing, South China: Implications for the genesis of porphyry copper mineralization. Journal of Petrology, 47(1): 119~144.
参考文献
Wang Sinuo, Yan Jun. 2021. Coexisting Early Cretaceous arc-type and OIB-type mafic magmatic rocks in the eastern Jiangnan Orogen, South China Block: Implications for paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Lithos, 400~401: 106421.
参考文献
Wang Xiaolei, Zhou Jincheng, Griffin W L, Wang Rucheng, Qiu Jiansheng, O'Reilly S Y, Xu Xisheng, Liu Xiaoming, Zhang Guilin. 2007. Detrital zircon geochronology of Precambrian basement sequences in the Jiangnan orogen: Dating the assembly of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. Precambrian Research, 159(1~2): 117~131.
参考文献
Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Guo Feng, Peng Touping, Li Chaowen. 2003. Geochemistry of Mesozoic mafic rocks adjacent to the Chenzhou-Linwu fault, South China: Implications for the lithospheric boundary between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. International Geology Review, 45(3): 263~286.
参考文献
Wang Yuejun, Zhang Yanhua, Fan Weiming, Peng Touping. 2005. Structural signatures and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Indosinian Xuefengshan tectonic belt, South China Block. Journal of Structural Geology, 27(6): 985~998.
参考文献
Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Cawood P A, Ji Shaocheng, Peng Touping, Chen Xinyue. 2007a. Indosinian high-strain deformation for the Yunkaidashan tectonic belt, South China: Kinematics and 40Ar-39Ar geochronological constraints. Tectonics, 26(6): TC6008.
参考文献
Wang Yuejun, Zhang Aimei, Fan Weiming, Zhao Guochun, Zhang Guowei, Zhang Yuzhi, Zhang Feifei, Li Sanzhong. 2011. Kwangsian crustal anatexis within the eastern South China Block: Geochemical, zircon U-Pb geochronological and Hf isotopic fingerprints from the gneissoid granites of Wugong and Wuyi-Yunkaidomains. Lithos, 127(1~2): 239~260.
参考文献
Wang Yuejun, Wu Chunming, Zhang Aimei, Fan Weiming, Zhang Yanhua, Zhang Yuzhi, Peng Touping, Yin Changqin. 2012. Kwangsian and Indosinian reworking of the eastern South China Block: Constraints on zircon U-Pb geochronology and metamorphism of amphibolites and granulites. Lithos, 150: 227~242.
参考文献
Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Zhang Guowei, Zhang Yanhua. 2013. Phanerozoic tectonics of the South China Block: Key observations and controversies. Gondwana Research, 23(4): 1273~1305.
参考文献
Wang Yuejun, Zhang Yuzhi, Fan Weiming, Geng Hongyan, Zou Heping, Bi Xianwu. 2014. Early Neoproterozoic accretionary assemblage in the Cathaysia Block: Geochronological, Lu-Hf isotopic and geochemical evidence from granitoid gneisses. Precambrian Research, 249: 144~161.
参考文献
Wang Zhihong, Lu Huafu. 2000. Ductile deformation and 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Changle-Nanao ductile shear zone, southeastern China. Journal of Structural Geology, 22(5): 561~570.
参考文献
Warner M, McGeary S. 1987. Seismic reflection coefficients from mantle fault zones. Geophysical Journal International, 89(1): 223~230.
参考文献
Wei Wei, Faure M, Chen Yan, Ji Wenbin, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Yan Quanren, Hou Quanlin. 2015. Back-thrusting response of continental collision: Early Cretaceous NW-directed thrusting in the Changle-Nan'ao belt (Southeast China). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 100: 98~114.
参考文献
Wei Wei, Chen Yan, Faure M, Martelet G, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Yan Quanren, Hou Quanlin. 2016. Anearly extensional event of the South China Block during the Late Mesozoic recorded by the emplacement of the Late Jurassic syntectonic Hengshan Composite Granitic Massif (Hunan, SE China). Tectonophysics, 672~673: 50~67.
参考文献
Wei Wei, Lin Wei, Chen Yan, Faure M, Ji Wenbin, Hou Quanlin, Yan Quanren, Wang Qingchen. 2023. Tectonic controls on magmatic tempo in an active continental margin: Insights from the Early Cretaceous syn-tectonic magmatism in the Changle-Nan'ao belt, South China. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 128(2): e2022JB025973.
参考文献
Wernicke B. 1981. Low-angle normal faults in the basin and range province: Nappe tectonics in an extending orogen. Nature, 291: 645~648.
参考文献
Wernicke B. 1995. Low-angle normal faults and seismicity: A review. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 100(B10): 20159~20174.
参考文献
Whitney D L, Teyssier C, Rey P, Buck W R. 2013. Continental and oceanic core complexes. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 125(3~4): 273~298.
参考文献
Wong Jean, Sun Min, Xing Guangfu, Li Xianhua, Zhao Guochun, Wong K, Yuan Chao, Xia Xiaoping, Li Longming, Wu Fuyuan. 2009. Geochemical and zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of the Baijuhuajian metaluminous A-type granite: Extension at 125~100 Ma and its tectonic significance for South China. Lithos, 112(3~4): 289~305.
参考文献
Wong Jean, Sun Min, Xing Guangfu, Li Xianhua, Zhao Guochun, Wong K, Wu Fuyuan. 2011. Zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of Mesozoic felsic rocks from eastern Zhejiang, South China: Geochemical contrast between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. Gondwana Research, 19(1): 244~259.
参考文献
Wu Fuyuan, Sun Deyou. 1999. The Mesozoic magmatism and lithospheric thinning in eastern China. Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology, (4): 313~318(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Wu Fuyuan, Sun Deyou, Zhang Guangliang, Ren Xiangwen. 2000. Deep geodynamics of Yanshain movement. Geological Journal of China Universities, 6(3): 379~388(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Wu Fuyuan, Ge Wenchun, Sun Deyou, Guo Chunli. 2003. Discussions on the Lithospheric Thinning in Eastern China. Earth Science Frontiers, 10(3): 51~57(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Xiao Wenjiao, He Haiqing. 2005. Early Mesozoic thrust tectonics of the northwest Zhejiang region (Southeast China). Geological Society of America Bulletin, 117(7): 945.
参考文献
Xie Jiancheng, Yang Xiaoyong, Sun Weidong, Du Jianguo. 2012. Early Cretaceous dioritic rocks in the Tongling region, eastern China: Implications for the tectonic settings. Lithos, 150: 49~61.
参考文献
Xin Yujia, Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen. 2023. Episodic magmatism in the Lianhuashan tectonic belt: Implications for late Mesozoic crustal reworking in SE South China. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 135(11~12): 3043~3065.
参考文献
Xing Guangfu, Zheng Jianbo, Shen Jialin, Jiang Maoqiu, Qian Maiping, Jiang Yang, Jin Guodong, Duan Zheng. 2013. Red beds of Danxia landform in the Taining geopark, Fujian Province. Journal of Stratigraphy, 37(1): 18~24(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Xu Changhai, Zhang Lu, Shi Hesheng, Brix M R, Huhma H, Chen Lihui, Zhang Minqiang, Zhou Zuyi. 2017. Tracing an Early Jurassic magmatic arc from South to East China Seas. Tectonics, 36(3): 466~492.
参考文献
Xu Xianbing. 2011. Research on Phanerozoic Structural Deformation and Geochronology in Wuyishan area, South China. Doctoral dissertation of Nanjing University (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Xu Xianbing. 2023. Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic tectonic evolution of the South China Block: Geodynamic transition from the Paleo-Tethys to the Paleo-Pacific regimes. Earth-Science Reviews, 241: 104404.
参考文献
Xu Xianbing, Zhang Yueqiao, Shu Liangshu, Jia Dong. 2011. La-ICP-MS U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the sheared metamorphic rocks in the Wuyishan: Constraints on the timing of Early Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic tectono-thermal events in SE China. Tectonophysics, 501(1~4): 71~86.
参考文献
Xu Xisheng, O'Reilly S Y, Griffin W L, Zhou Xinmin. 2000. Genesis of young lithospheric mantle in southeastern China: An LAM-ICPMS trace element study. Journal of Petrology, 41(1): 111~148.
参考文献
Xu Xisheng, Xie Xin. 2005. Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic basaltic rocks and crust-mantle interaction, SE China. Geological Journal of China Universities, (3): 318~334(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Xu Xisheng, Zhao Kai, He Zhenyu, Liu Lei, Hong Wentao. 2021. Cretaceous volcanic-plutonic magmatism in SE China and a genetic model. Lithos, 402~403: 105728.
参考文献
Xu Yajun, Cawood P A, Du Yuansheng, Hu Lisha, Yu Wenchao, Zhu Yanhui, Li Wenchao. 2013. Linking South China to northern Australia and India on the margin of Gondwana: Constraints from detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes in Cambrian strata. Tectonics, 32(6): 1547~1558.
参考文献
Xu Yajun, Cawood P A, Du Yuansheng. 2016. Intraplate orogenesis in response to Gondwana assembly: Kwangsian Orogeny, South China. American Journal of Science, 316(4): 329~362.
参考文献
Xu Yigang. 1999. Roles of thermo mechanic and chemical erosion in continental lithospheric thinning. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, (1): 3~7.
参考文献
Yan Danping, Zhou Meifu, Song Honglin, Wang Xinwen, Malpas J. 2003. Origin and tectonic significance of a Mesozoic multi-layer over-thrust system within the Yangtze block (South China). Tectonophysics, 361(3~4): 239~254.
参考文献
Yan Danping, Zhang Bing, Zhou Meifu, Wei Guoqing, Song Honglin, Liu Shaofeng. 2009. Constraints on the depth, geometry and kinematics of blind detachment faults provided by fault-propagation folds: An example from the Mesozoic fold belt of South China. Journal of Structural Geology, 31(2): 150~162.
参考文献
Yan Lili, He Zhenyu, Jahn B M, Zhao Zhidan. 2016. Formation of the Yandangshan volcanic-plutonic complex (SE China) by melt extraction and crystal accumulation. Lithos, 266~267: 287~308.
参考文献
Yan Lili, He Zhenyu, Beier C, Klemd R. 2018. Zircon trace element constrains on the link between volcanism and plutonism in SE China. Lithos, 320~321: 28~34.
参考文献
Yan Qinghe, Li Shasha, Qiu Zengwang, Wang He, Wei Xiaopeng, Dong Rui, Zhang Xiaoyu. 2017. Geochronology, geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf-S-Pb isotopes of the Early Cretaceous Taoxihu Sn deposit and related granitoids, SE China. Ore Geology Reviews, 89: 350~368.
参考文献
Yan Qinghe, Wang He, Wu Yangming, Chi Guoxiang. 2021. Simultaneous development of arc-like and OIB-like mafic dikes in eastern Guangdong, SE China: Implications for Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous tectonic setting and deep geodynamic processes of South China. Lithos, 388~389: 106021.
参考文献
Yang Dongsheng, Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Liang Xinquan, Long Wenguo, Xiong Xiaolin. 2010. U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology of the Baiyunshan gneiss (central Guangdong, South China): Constraints onthe timing of early Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tectonothermal events in the Wuyun (Wuyi-Yunkai) Orogen. Geological Magazine, 147(4): 481~496.
参考文献
Yang Fan. 2018. Research on tectonic process and formation age of the detachment fault of the Lushan metamorphic core complex. Doctoral dissertation of Hefei University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Yang Jinbao, Zhao Zhidan, Hou Qingye, Niu Yaoling, Mo Xuanxue, Sheng Dan, Wang Lili. 2018. Petrogenesis of Cretaceous (133-84 Ma) intermediate dykes and host granites in southeastern China: Implications for lithospheric extension, continental crustal growth, and geodynamics of Palaeo-Pacific subduction. Lithos, 296~299: 195~211.
参考文献
Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Kuidong, Fan Honghai. 2010. Zircon U-Pb geochronology, Hf isotopic composition and geological implications of the rhyodacite and rhyodacitic porphyry in the Xiangshan uranium ore field, Jiangxi Province, China. Science China Earth Sciences, 53(10): 1411~1426.
参考文献
Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Kuidong, Fan Honghai. 2011. Geochemical, zircon U-Pb dating and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic constraints on the age and petrogenesis of an Early Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive complex at Xiangshan, Southeast China. Mineralogy and Petrology, 101(1): 21~48.
参考文献
Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Zhao Kuidong, Jiang Yaohui, Ling Hongfei, Luo Li. 2012. Geochronology, geochemistry and tectonic significance of two Early Cretaceous A-type granites in the Gan-Hang Belt, Southeast China. Lithos, 150: 155~170.
参考文献
Yang Wei, Zhang Hongfu. 2012. Zircon geochronology and Hf isotopic composition of Mesozoic magmatic rocks from Chizhou, the Lower Yangtze Region: Constraints on their relationship with Cu-Au mineralization. Lithos, 150: 37~48.
参考文献
Yao Jinlong, Cawood P A, Shu Liangshu, Zhao Guochun. 2019. Jiangnan orogen, South China: A ~970-820 Ma Rodinia margin accretionary belt. Earth-Science Reviews, 196: 102872.
参考文献
Yin An, Harrison T M. 2000. Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 28: 211~280.
参考文献
Yu Jinhai, Zhou Xinmin, Reilly, Y S O, Zhao Lei, Griffin, W L, Wang Rucheng, Wang Lijuan, Chen Xiaoming. 2005. Formation age and Sedimentary rocks of basement granulite facies metamorphic rocks in Eastern Nanling: U-Pb-Hf isotope research of zircon. Chinese Science Bulletin, 50: 1758~1767(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Yu Jinhai, Wang Lijuan, O'Reilly S Y, Griffin W L, Zhang Ming, Li Chunzhong, Shu Liangshu. 2009. A Paleoproterozoic orogeny recorded in a long-lived cratonic remnant (Wuyishan terrane), eastern Cathaysia Block, China. Precambrian Research, 174(3~4): 347~363.
参考文献
Yu Jinhai, O'Reilly S Y, Zhou Meifu, Griffin W L, Wang Lijuan. 2012. U-Pb geochronology and Hf-Nd isotopic geochemistry of the Badu complex, southeastern China: Implications for the Precambrian crustal evolution and paleogeography of the Cathaysia Block. Precambrian Research, 222~223: 424~449.
参考文献
Yu Jinhai, Lou Fasheng, Wang Lijuan, Shen Linwei, Zhou Xueyao, Zhang Chunhui, Huang Zhizhong. 2014. The geological significance of a Paleozoic mafic granulite found in the Yiyang area of northeastern Jiangxi Province. Chinese Science Bulletin, 35: 3508~3516(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Zhang Guowei, Guo Anlin, Wang Yuejun, Li Sanzhong, Dong Yunpeng, Liu Shaofeng, He Dengfa, Cheng Shunyou, Lu Rukui, Yao Anping. 2013. Tectonic and problems of South China. Scientia Sinica(Terrae) , 43(10): 1553~1582(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Zhang Haijiang, Lü Qingtian, Wang Xiaolei, Han Shoucheng, Liu Lijun, Gao Lei, Wang Rui, Hou Zengqian. 2023. Seismically imaged lithospheric delamination and its controls on the Mesozoic magmatic province in South China. Nature Communications, 14: 2718.
参考文献
Zhang Kaijun, Cai Jianxin. 2009. NE-SW-trending Hepu-Hetai dextral shear zone in southern China: Penetration of the Yunkaipromontory of South China into Indochina. Journal of Structural Geology, 31(7): 737~748.
参考文献
Zhang Qi, Qian Qing, Wang Erqi, Wang Yan, Zhao Taiping, Hao Jie, Guo Guangjun. 2001. An East China Plateau in Mid-Late Yanshannian Perios: Implication from adakites. Chinese Journal of Geology (Scientia Geologica Sinica), 36(2): 248~255(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Zhang Yueqiao, Xu Xianbing, Jia Dong, Shu Liangshu. 2009. Deformation record of the change from Indosinian collision-related tectonic system to Yanshanian subduction-related tectonic system in South China during the Early Mesozoic. Earth Science Frontiers, 16(1): 234~247(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Cui Jianjun, Shi Wei, Su Jinbao, Li Yong. 2012. The new progress in the study of Mesozoic tectonics of South China. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 33(3): 257~279(in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Zhao G. 1999. Tectonothermal evolution of the Mayuan assemblage in the Cathaysia Block: Implications for Neoproterozoic collision-related assembly of the South China Craton. American Journal of Science, 299(4): 309~339.
参考文献
Zhao Guochun. 2015. Jiangnan Orogen in South China: Developing from divergent double subduction. Gondwana Research, 27(3): 1173~1180.
参考文献
Zhao Guochun, Cawood P A. 2012. Precambrian geology of China. Precambrian Research, 222~223: 13~54.
参考文献
Zhao Guochun, Wang Yuejun, Huang Baochun, Dong Yunpeng, Li Sanzhong, Zhang Guowei, Yu Shan. 2018. Geological reconstructions of the East Asian blocks: From the breakup of Rodinia to the assembly of Pangea. Earth-Science Reviews, 186: 262~286.
参考文献
Zhao Lei, Zhou Xiwen, Zhai Mingguo, Santosh M, Geng Yuansheng. 2015. Zircon U-Th-Pb-Hf isotopes of the basement rocks in northeastern Cathaysia block, South China: Implications for Phanerozoic multiple metamorphic reworking of a Paleoproterozoic terrane. Gondwana Research, 28(1): 246~261.
参考文献
Zheng Jianping. 1999. Mesozoic-Cenozoic Mantle Replacement and Lithospheric Thinning, East China. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).
参考文献
Zheng Jianping, Griffin W L, O'Reilly S Y, Zhang Ming, Pearson N, Pan Yuanming. 2006. Widespread Archean basement beneath the Yangtze craton. Geology, 34(6): 417.
参考文献
Zhou Xinmin, Li Wuxian. 2000. Origin of Late Mesozoic igneous rocks in southeastern China: Implications for lithosphere subduction and underplating of mafic magmas. Tectonophysics, 326(3~4): 269~287.
参考文献
Zhou Xinmin, Sun Tao, Shen Weizhou, Shu Liangshu, Niu Yaoling. 2006. Petrogenesis of Mesozoic granitoids and volcanic rocks in South China: A response to tectonic evolution. Episodes, 29(1): 26~33.
参考文献
邓晋福, 刘厚祥, 赵海玲, 罗照华, 郭正府, 李玉文. 1996. 燕辽地区燕山期火成岩与造山模型. 现代地质, 10(2): 137~148.
参考文献
邓晋福, 苏尚国, 赵海玲, 莫宣学, 肖庆辉, 周肃, 刘翠, 赵国春. 2003. 华北地区燕山期岩石圈减薄的深部过程. 地学前缘, 10(3): 41~50.
参考文献
董树文, 张岳桥, 陈宣华, 龙长兴, 王涛, 杨振宇, 胡健民. 2008.晚侏罗世东亚多向汇聚构造体系的形成与变形特征.地球学报, 29(3): 306~317.
参考文献
侯增谦, 潘小菲, 杨志明, 曲晓明等. 2007. 初论大陆环境斑岩铜矿. 现代地质, 21(2): 332~351.
参考文献
皇甫鹏鹏, 王岳军, 范蔚茗, 李忠海, 王喻鸣, 周永智. 2016. 大洋平板俯冲的数值模拟再现: 洋-陆汇聚速率影响, 大地构造与成矿学, 40(3): 429~445.
参考文献
李三忠, 张勇, 郭玲莉, 索艳慧, 曹花花, 李玺瑶, 周在征. 2017. 那丹哈达地体及周缘中生代变形与增生造山过程. 地学前缘, 24(4): 200~212.
参考文献
李三忠, 索艳慧, 李玺瑶, 王永明, 曹现志, 王鹏程, 郭玲莉, 于胜尧, 兰浩圆, 李少俊, 赵淑娟, 周在征, 张臻, 张国伟. 2018. 西太平洋中生代板块俯冲过程与东亚洋陆过渡带构造-岩浆响应. 科学通报, 63 (16): 1550~1593.
参考文献
李献华. 2021. 超大陆裂解的主要驱动力——地幔柱或深俯冲?. 地质学报, 95(1): 20~31.
参考文献
路凤香, 郑建平, 李伍平, 陈美华, 成中梅. 2000. 中国东部显生宙地幔演化的主要样式: “蘑菇云”模型. 地学前缘, 7(1): 97~108.
参考文献
毛景文, 谢桂青, 李晓峰, 张长青, 梅燕雄. 2004. 华南地区中生代大规模成矿作用与岩石圈多阶段伸展. 地学前缘, 11(1): 45~55.
参考文献
毛景文, 谢桂青, 郭春丽, 袁顺达, 程彦博, 陈毓川. 2008. 华南地区中生代主要金属矿床时空分布规律和成矿环境. 高校地质学报, 14(4): 510~526.
参考文献
任纪舜. 1990. 论中国南部的大地构造. 地质学报, 4: 275~288.
参考文献
吴福元, 孙德有. 1999. 中国东部中生代岩浆作用与岩石圈减薄. 长春科技大学学报, (4): 313~318.
参考文献
吴福元, 孙德有, 张广良, 任向文. 2000. 论燕山运动的深部地球动力学本质. 高校地质学报, 6(3): 379~388.
参考文献
吴福元, 葛文春, 孙德有, 郭春丽. 2003. 中国东部岩石圈减薄研究中的几个问题. 地学前缘, 10(3): 51~57.
参考文献
邢光福, 郑剑波, 沈加林, 江茂求, 钱迈平, 姜杨, 靳国栋, 段政. 2013. 福建泰宁世界地质公园丹霞红层研究. 地层学杂志, 37(1): 18~24.
参考文献
徐夕生, 谢昕. 2005. 中国东南部晚中生代—新生代玄武岩与壳幔作用. 高校地质学报, (3): 318~334.
参考文献
徐先兵. 2011. 武夷山地区显生宙构造变形与年代学研究. 南京大学博士毕业论文.
参考文献
徐义刚. 1999. 岩石圈的热-机械侵蚀和化学侵蚀与岩石圈减薄. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, (1): 3~7.
参考文献
杨帆. 2018. 庐山变质核杂岩拆离滑脱带的构造过程及其形成时代研究. 合肥工业大学博士论文.
参考文献
于津海, 周新民, Reilly Y S O, 赵蕾, Griffin W L, 王汝成, 王丽娟, 陈小明. 2005. 南岭东段基底麻粒岩相变质岩的形成时代和原岩性质: 锆石的 U-Pb-Hf 同位素研究. 科学通报, 50: 1758~1767.
参考文献
于津海, 楼法生, 王丽娟, 沈林伟, 周雪瑶, 张春晖, 黄志忠. 2014. 赣东北弋阳早古生代麻粒岩的发现及其地质意义. 科学通报, 35: 3508~3516.
参考文献
张国伟, 郭安林, 王岳军, 李三忠, 董云鹏, 刘少峰, 何登发, 程顺有, 鲁如魁, 姚安平. 2013. 中国华南大陆构造与问题.中国科学: 地球科学, 43(10): 1553~1582.
参考文献
张旗, 钱青, 王二七, 王焰, 赵太平, 郝杰, 郭光军. 2001. 燕山中晚期的中国东部高原: 埃达克岩的启示. 地质科学, 36(2): 248~255.
参考文献
张岳桥, 徐先兵, 贾东, 舒良树. 2009. 华南早中生代从印支期碰撞构造体系向燕山期俯冲构造体系转换的形变记录. 地学前缘, 16(1): 234~247.
参考文献
张岳桥, 董树文, 李建华, 崔建军, 施炜, 苏金宝, 李勇. 2012. 华南中生代大地构造研究新进展. 地球学报, 33(3): 257~279.
参考文献
郑建平. 1999. 中国东部地幔置换作用与中新生代岩石圈减薄. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.
目录contents

    摘要

    受控古太平洋板块俯冲及后撤作用,华南晚中生代经历了强烈大陆再造,并伴随幕式岩浆活动,是研究活动大陆边缘构造-岩浆作用、壳幔过程和板块俯冲动力学的天然实验室。本文系统综述了近年来发表的构造变形、岩浆作用和深部结构等多学科成果,以构造解析为主线,深-浅结合,在华南识别出与古太平洋板块俯冲相关的中晚侏罗世弧背缩短和白垩纪弧后伸展系统,厘定了二者的时空格架和叠加改造关系。弧背缩短系统以扬子中部的隔档-隔槽式褶皱、深部多层滑脱和双重逆冲推覆构造为特征,具SE向NW的逆冲扩展变形规律,与古太平洋板块的前进式俯冲有关。白垩纪主体以大陆伸展为主,经历了伸展和挤压变形交替,并伴随着岩浆活动的爆发、迁移和停止,其可能与板片俯冲动力学变化有关。在此基础上,我们分析了白垩纪岩石圈长距离伸展的深部过程及浅表响应,提出了岩石圈随深度变化的分层差异伸展模式。自下而上,从岩石圈地幔到上地壳,应变近一致地表现为(W)NW- (E)SE伸展,反映了垂向变形一致性。可能的垂向应力传播过程:板片后撤诱发长距离地幔流,其在岩石圈底部形成剪切牵引应力,促进下岩石圈地幔被动拉伸;上岩石圈地幔局部发育强应变剪切带,作为应力传播构造,其可有效加强壳-幔间剪切,促进下地壳韧性拉伸,将下地壳和岩石圈地幔的变形关联。我们认为岩石圈伸展、板片后撤和地幔流形成了三位一体的动力学耦合系统,将华南岩石圈长距离伸展的驱动力归结为:① 古太平洋俯冲带海沟后撤和板片回卷诱发的远程效应,和② 地幔流在岩石圈底部施加的剪切牵引应力。

    Abstract

    In the Late Mesozoic, South China's eastern margin evolved into an active Andean-type convergent margin associated with the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. The continental crust underwent significant reworking, accompanied by extensive magmatism, providing an ideal natural laboratory to assess the tectono-magmatism, crust-mantle processes, and plate subduction geodynamics along the active continental margin. Here we review the essential constraints of structural deformation, magmatism, and lithospheric architecture. We recognized the Mid-Late Jurassic retro-arc shortening system and the Cretaceous back-arc extensional system, and clarified their spatial-temporal associations and overprinting relationships. The retro-arc shortening involved a northwestward thrust propagation by generating arrays of thin- and thick-skinned thrust systems, multiple decollements, and duplexes in the central Yangtze, possibly associated with the northwestward advancing subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate. The eastern part of the retro-arc system was tectonically overprinted by several extensional and contractional events during the Cretaceous, accompanied by the flare-up, lull, and resumption of magmatism. The tectonic switching between contraction and extension was governed by changes in the slab dynamics, i.e., slab steepening and shallowing in retreating and advancing subduction settings. Despite these deformation episodes, lithospheric extension dominated the Cretaceous evolution, generating a wide (>800 km) back-arc extensional system comparable to the American basin and range. We analyzed the long-distance lithospheric extension and surface response by compiling all available geophysical and geological observations. The compiled data suggest a depth-dependent deformation mechanism, with vertical and lateral variations in extension modes as a function of lithospheric strength. The extensional strain fields are uniformly orientated ~NW-SE throughout the lithosphere, indicating vertically coherent deformation. Stress transmission across this coherent system likely occurred via basal traction and localized mantle shearing. Basal traction at the lithospheric base, imposed by rollback-induced mantle flow, might have integrated over long distances and caused passive stretching of the lithospheric mantle. Localized mantle shearing generated high-strain mantle shear zones that acted as strain-transfer structures, enhancing the simple shearing at the crust-mantle interface and promoting ductile stretching in the lower crust. We emphasize the tectonic coupling between slab rollback, mantle flow, and lithospheric extension. The driving forces of lithospheric extension are attributed to a combination of ① far-field effects of slab rollback and trench retreat and ② basal shear tractions imposed by mantle flow.

  • 大陆变形、深部过程及动力学一直是固体地球科学关注的前沿和热点问题。华南大陆位于太平洋和特提斯两大构造域的交接部位(Zhao Guochun and Cawood,2012; 张国伟等,2013),其东临西太平洋,北连秦岭-大别造山带,西接龙门山和三江造山带,西南缘通过红河断裂与印支地块相连(图1)。晚中生代是华南及整个东亚大地构造格局发生剧烈改造的时期(任纪舜,1990; Dong Shuwen et al.,2008),受控古太平洋板块的俯冲作用,华南东部演变为一个安第斯型活动大陆边缘(张岳桥等,20092012Xu Changhai et al.,2017; Suo Yanhui et al.,2019),成为环太平洋构造带的关键组成之一。在这个时期,华南发生了强烈大陆再造,并伴随巨量岩浆活动和爆发式成矿作用,形成>1000 km宽的大陆变形系统和长英质岩浆岩带(Li Xianhua,2000; Zhou Xinmin and Li Wuxian,2000; Lin Wei et al.,2000; Zhou Xinmin et al.,2006; Ling Mingxing et al.,2009; Mao Jingwen et al.,2013)。更具意义的是,岩浆活动的高度分异演化诱发了广泛的多金属矿化,形成大规模的钨、锡、铜、铋、银、锑、汞、稀有和重稀土金属矿床等(毛景文等,20042008; Hu Ruizhong et al.,2008; Yang Wei and Zhang Hongfu,2012)。其中,钨、锑矿占世界总储量的50%,锡矿占世界总储量的20%(Sun Weidong et al.,2012)。这些构造变形、岩浆与成矿作用在东亚大陆独具特色,一直备受关注(Jahn,1974; Jahn et al.,1976,1990; Charvet et al.,1994; Lapierre et al.,1997; Wang Qiang et al.,2006; Wong Jean et al.,2009; Li Xianhua et al.,2010; 李献华,2021Liu Lijun et al.,2021; Qiu Liang et al.,2022a)。

  • 图1 东亚大陆东部大地构造简图

  • Fig.1 Simplified geological framework of the eastern Asian continent

  • ATF—阿尔金断裂带;LMST—龙门山冲断带;MFT—主边界逆冲断裂;TLF—郯庐断裂;RRF—红河断裂

  • ATF—Altyn Tagh fault; LMST—Longmenshan thrust; MFT—Main Frontal thrust; TLF—Tan-Lu fault; RRF—Red River fault

  • 华南大陆晚中生代大陆变形、深部过程与浅表响应、爆发式岩浆成矿和动力学等,是研究东亚大地构造格局的核心科学问题之一。前人已展开详细研究,积累了大批高质量构造地质学、岩石学、同位素年代学和地球化学资料,取得了突破性进展,并先后提出了一系列有影响力的动力学模型。Gilder et al.(1996)提出了“左行拉分+同期大陆裂解”模型,用以解释白垩纪岩浆岩与伸展盆地的形成。Zhou Xinmin and Li Wuxian(2000)证实岩浆岩带的宽度从中侏罗世至早白垩世逐渐变窄,提出古太平洋板块俯冲角度逐渐变陡模型,并认为大规模岩浆活动与玄武质岩浆底侵作用密切相关。Li Xianhua(2000)提出大部分岩浆岩与岩石圈伸展诱发的减压熔融作用相关。Li Zhengxiang and Li Xianhua(2007)提出了古太平洋板块的平俯冲模型,用来解释华南中生代~1300 km宽陆内褶皱冲断带和岩浆岩的形成,认为190~90 Ma岩浆活动与平俯冲板片的塌陷(foundering)作用相关。在借鉴北美Kula-Farallon洋中脊俯冲与岩浆-成矿关系的基础上,一些学者提出了古太平洋-伊泽奈崎洋中脊(Pacific-Izanagi Ridge)俯冲模型(Ling Mingxing et al.,2009; Sun Weidong et al.,2010),用于解释长江中下游地区早白垩世埃达克岩及Cu-Au等多金属矿床的成因(Li He et al.,2012; Xie Jiancheng et al.,2012)。Sun Weidong et al.(2007)认为白垩纪构造-岩浆活动与古太平洋板块俯冲密切相关,并强调早白垩世晚期俯冲方向发生~80°的剧变,其控制了华南构造体制转换和区域性金矿矿化。Guo Feng et al.(2021)提出了白垩纪古太平洋板片撕裂(slab tearing)模型,用于解释华南大陆内部和沿海差异性(OIB型和IAB型)基性岩浆活动。尽管细节存在争议,主流观点一致认为古太平洋板块俯冲是导致华南晚中生代大陆再造和岩石圈变形的重要外部驱动力。

  • 综上可知,华南是研究活动大陆边缘构造-岩浆作用、壳幔过程和板块俯冲动力学的天然实验室(李三忠等,2017)。值得注意的是,晚中生代广泛的构造变形和岩浆活动,是对华南东部岩石圈改造最强烈且年轻的区域性地质事件(Huang Zhouchuan et al.,2021),其奠定了现今深部壳幔结构的基本轮廓,对理解东亚大地构造格局至关重要(Dong Shuwen et al.,2020)。本文系统综述了近年来发表的华南深部探测资料,以构造解析为主线,刻画了不同构造域的地壳结构及变化规律,综合区域构造变形、沉积和岩浆作用等资料,深-浅结合,识别出与古太平洋俯冲相关的晚中生代弧背缩短和弧后伸展系统,厘定了二者的时空格架和叠加改造关系。在此基础上,聚焦岩石圈分层流变性质,论述了白垩纪岩石圈伸展的深部过程及浅表变形响应,分析了垂向应力传播过程和深-浅部变形耦合机理,讨论了深部过程如何控制浅表构造,提出“华南岩石圈分层差异伸展”和“幔源岩浆底垫补偿华南东部地壳减薄”等理论认识,诠释了华南晚中生代大陆变形、深部过程及动力学。

  • 1 大地构造背景

  • 华南大陆由扬子和华夏两个地块于新元古代沿绍兴-江山缝合带碰撞拼贴而成(Wang Xiaolei et al.,2007; Li Xianhua et al.,2009; Zhao Guochun and Cawood,2012; Zhao Guochun,2015; Yao Jinlong et al.,2019)(图2)。扬子地块含稳定的克拉通结晶基底,由太古宙—古元古代TTG片麻岩组成(Qiu Yumin et al.,2000; Zheng Jianping et al.,2006)。华夏地块最古老基底主体出露在八都杂岩,时代为古元古代,由石榴黑云斜长片麻岩、黑云变粒岩、黑云石英片岩、花岗质片麻岩和少量斜长角闪岩等变质表壳岩组成,其遭受了古元古代和印支期构造-热事件的改造(Yu Jinhai et al.,20092012; Zhao Lei et al.,2015)。华夏地块大面积发育新元古代基底,由主体绿片岩相—角闪岩相变质的云母石英片岩、二云片岩、石英岩、斜长角闪岩及大理岩等组成(Charvet et al.,2010; Wang Yuejun et al.,2014)。闽西北断裂将早古生代的华夏地块分为东华夏、西华夏两个构造单元(Lin Shoufa et al.,2018)。西华夏构造单元发育典型的早古生代造山带,东华夏构造单元主体被晚中生代岩浆岩覆盖(图2)。显生宙以来,华南大陆主要经历了三个旋回的构造-岩浆事件,即: 早古生代造山旋回,早中生代印支期造山旋回和晚中生代燕山期造山旋回(Lin Wei et al.,2008; Wang Yuejun et al.,2013; Li Jianhua et al.,2016; Shu Liangshu et al.,2021)。

  • 早古生代(460~420 Ma),华南中—东部发生强烈挤压造山,诱发了广泛的变形-沉积-岩浆事件,包括:导致南华裂谷关闭和结束断陷沉积,前泥盆系普遍褶皱,基底韧性剪切和高级变质,地壳深熔和大规模岩浆活动,并伴随强烈隆升和剥蚀,志留系沉积缺失(Zhao Guochun and Cawood,1999; 于津海等,20052014; Wang Yuejun et al.,2007a201120122013; Faure et al.,2009; Charvet et al.,2010; Li Zhengxiang et al.,2010; Shu Liangshu et al.,2015; Lin Shoufa et al.,2018; Qian Jiahui et al.,2021; Wang Lijun et al.,2023)。这期造山事件与Gondwana大陆聚合有关(Xu Yajun et al.,20132016; Zhao Guochun et al.,2018)。泥盆纪,随着新一轮沉积-构造旋回的开始,中—上泥盆统砾岩不整合覆盖在强变形的前泥盆系之上,形成区域性角度不整合面,标志着早古生代造山事件的结束(Shu Liangshu et al.,2014; Wang Lijun et al.,2022)。早中生代,印支期构造事件导致区域沉积环境从海相转变为陆相,沉积盖层广泛褶皱和冲断,基底强烈变质和韧性剪切,地壳发生不同程度的增厚(Wang Yuejun et al.,2005,2007,2013; Shu Liangshu et al.,20082015; Lin Wei et al.,2008; Xu Xianbing et al.,2011; Chu Yang et al.,2012a2012b; Li Jianhua et al.,2017)。这期造山事件的动力学成因可能为南北陆缘的陆-陆碰撞(Zhang Kaijun and Cai Jianxin,2009)和古太平洋板块俯冲作用(Li Zhengxiang and Li Xianhua,2007; Chu Yang et al.,2012a2012b)。晚中生代,燕山期构造事件导致整个东亚的构造体制及板块拼贴动力机制发生重大调整和变革(Dong Shuwen et al.,20082018),在华南表现为地壳挤压加厚和伸展减薄的幕式演化(Zhou Xinmin and Li Wuxian,2000; Wei Wei et al.,20152023; Chu Yang et al.,2019; Xu Xianbing,2023),为本文论述的重点。

  • 图2 华南及邻区大地构造纲要图

  • Fig.2 Simplified geological map showing the structural framework of South China and adjacent regions

  • LS—庐山;DM—大云山-幕阜山;HS—衡山;YCL—越城岭

  • LS—Lushan Mountain; DM—Dayunshan-Mufushan mountains; HS—Hengshan Mountain; YCL—Yuechengling Mountain

  • 2 华南大陆地壳和上岩石圈地幔结构

  • 从内陆至沿海,本文对横穿华南长约~1300 km的SinoProbe深反射地震剖面数据(Dong Shuwen et al.,2013)进行了总结,刻画了大陆变形系统的地壳结构、分层变形特征及侧向变化规律。深部壳幔结构的构造解释主要基于地表沉积、变形、岩浆等区域地质资料,并遵循平衡剖面重建(Dahlstrom,1969)和断层相关褶皱的基本原理(Boyer and Elliott,1982)。值得注意的是,现今的地球物理探测资料,揭示的是对地壳或岩石圈结构影响最年轻或改造最强的一期事件(Klemperer,1988)。与新生代弱构造变形相比,晚中生代强烈的构造-岩浆活动正是对华南大陆(尤其东部)改造最强且年轻的区域性事件(Dong Shuwen et al.,2020; Huang Zhouchuan et al.,2021)。因此,这些深反射地震剖面对理解华南晚中生代的深部结构和壳幔过程,提供了关键制约。

  • 2.1 扬子地块西部:四川盆地

  • 四川盆地上地壳发育一系列近水平强反射层(Gao Rui et al.,2016),代表了~12 km厚的寒武纪—侏罗纪沉积盖层(图3a、b)。在盆地西北部,发生了前陆挠曲沉降(图3a、b),与三叠纪和新生代龙门山冲断褶皱变形造成的重力负载有关(Jia Dong et al.,2006)。在盆地中部,地层平缓,局部发育宽缓褶皱,断层较少,总体变形很弱,与东侧强褶皱变形的扬子褶皱冲断带显著不同(图3a、b)。在盆地东南部,侏罗纪沉积物源主要来自武陵-雪峰褶皱冲断带,该区对应冲断褶皱系统前缘受构造控制的沉降中心,沉积作用与逆冲推覆导致的隆升剥蚀有关(Liu Shaofeng et al.,2015)。隐伏的华蓥山逆冲断裂代表了四川盆地和武陵山褶皱冲断带之间的边界断裂(图3b)。华蓥山断裂的前锋位于断展褶皱的核部,断裂上覆的上地壳发生强褶皱缩短,形成NE-SW走向断层相关褶皱,而下伏的中地壳未发生显著缩短变形(图3b)。在区域尺度,中、上地壳变形样式形成鲜明对比,这一变形差异,被二者间的扬子主滑脱(Décollement)断裂协调(图3a、b)。该主滑脱断裂可能位于下寒武统底部的页岩层,为川东褶皱系统的主要深部滑脱层之一。华蓥山断裂可能代表了这条主滑脱断裂的前锋分支断裂(图3b)。

  • 图3 四川盆地深反射地震剖面(a,据Gao Rui et al.,2016修改)及综合深反射地震剖面、地表地质和区域构造演化解释的构造剖面图(b)

  • Fig.3 Seismic reflection profile across the Sichuan basin (a, modified after Gao Rui et al., 2016) and geological section constructed from the seismic profile (b) (the assignment of lithologic units is based on surface geology and stratigraphic thickness information from published geological maps)

  • 中地壳主要由前寒武纪基底组成,岩性相对均一,局部可见多个由缓倾层状反射层构成的不连续集合体,它们彼此界线截然,边界被高角度正断层切割(图3a)。这些缓倾反射层和高角度正断层,可能分别代表了生长地层和边界断裂,共同组成了元古宙裂陷盆地(图3b)。类似的元古宙隐伏裂陷盆地,在四川盆地东北缘的大巴山也发育(Dong Shuwen et al.,2013; Li Jianhua et al.,2015),可能与南华裂陷作用有关(Wang Jian and Li Zhengxiang,2003)。

  • 2.2 扬子地块中部:褶皱冲断带

  • 扬子褶皱冲断带以断层相关褶皱为典型变形特征(图4a~c)。在剖面西侧,志留系—侏罗系卷入变形,形成以尖棱背斜和箱状向斜为特征的隔档式褶皱(图4a~c)。深部存在多条滑脱断裂:主基底滑脱断裂位于寒武系和震旦系之间,代表了弱变形基底和强褶皱盖层之间的主滑脱面(图4c);次级滑脱断裂位于奥陶系和寒武系之间,其协调了上部紧闭褶皱为主和下部叠瓦式逆冲为主的变形差异(图4c)。这两条滑脱断裂分别代表了双重逆冲构造的底板和顶板逆冲断裂,二者之间的叠瓦式逆冲断层系代表了连接顶、底逆冲断裂的次级断层(图4c)。这个深部双重逆冲推覆构造与浅表隔档式褶皱在空间和成因上密切相连,共同组成了一个由SE向NW逆冲扩展的薄皮冲断褶皱系统(图4c)。继续向深部,主滑脱断裂深切中地壳,倾向南东,随深度增加,产状逐渐变缓,呈明显的断坪-断坡-断坪几何形态(图4b、c)。总体来看,主滑脱断裂为地壳尺度,是控制和协调中、上地壳冲断褶皱变形的一级断裂(图4c)。

  • 齐岳山断裂以东,基底卷入逆冲,形成典型的厚皮逆冲推覆构造(图4a~c)。与川东褶皱带显著不同,该褶皱带表现为宽阔的箱状背斜与尖棱向斜,即隔槽式褶皱为主要特征。向斜核部残留晚三叠世—中侏罗世陆相地层,并被早白垩世砾岩角度不整合覆盖。背斜核部主要出露寒武系—奥陶系,局部最老核部出露新元古界,如梵净山。中上地壳存在多条倾向SE的断坪-断坡-断坪式阶段状滑脱断裂,均位于元古宙基底内部。

  • 综上所述,扬子褶皱冲断带以侏罗山式褶皱为特征,以齐岳山断裂为界,北西侧为隔档式褶皱,南东侧为隔槽式褶皱,它们共同构成了一个由SE向NW逆冲扩展的冲断褶皱变形系统(图4b、c),其形成演化与深部多层次滑脱及双重推覆作用密切相关(Yan Danping et al.,20032009)。根据卷入变形的地层和区域角度不整合关系,推测侏罗山式褶皱形成的时代为晚侏罗世—早白垩世(Yan Danping et al.,2003),不同于雪峰山三叠纪韧性逆冲和走滑剪切变形(Wang Yuejun et al.,2005; Chu Yang et al.,2012a2012b)。这些褶皱构造主体走向NNE-SSW,向北延伸,逐渐转变为近E-W,在平面上构成了一个向NW凸起的弧形构造带,其与向SW凸起的大巴弧构成联合弧形构造(图2)。

  • 图4 扬子褶皱冲断带深反射地震剖面(a)、深反射地震剖面与关键反射层标记(b)及综合深反射地震剖面、地表地质和区域构造演化解释的构造剖面图(c)(据Li Jianhua et al.,2018修改)

  • Fig.4 Seismic-reflection profile across the Yangtze fold-thrust belt (a) , seismic-reflection profile with markings of key reflections mentioned in the text (b) and constructed cross-section based on seismic data, surface geology, and regional tectonic evolution (c) (modified after Li Jianhua et al., 2018)

  • 2.3 华夏地块西部:十杭裂陷带及邻区

  • 剖面西部(图2,CDP 23000—CDP 26000),主要出露上古生界(图5a~c)。在上地壳(0~12 km深度),逆冲断层主体倾向NW,局部存在倾向SE的反冲断层,这些断层向深部延伸,倾角逐渐变缓,并于10~12 km深度,交汇于近水平的滑脱断裂(D1,图5b)。在中地壳(12~24 km深度),构造变形主要被两条近水平滑脱断裂(D2和D6)及分支逆冲断层主导(图5b)。上述构造组合形成了一个中上地壳尺度、向SE逆冲的叠瓦式冲断褶皱系统(图5c)。

  • 在剖面中部(CDP 26000—CDP 29000),上地壳(0~3 km)对应白垩纪衡阳盆地,被红色陆相碎屑岩充填,其角度不整合覆盖在强变形的古生代地层之上(图5c)。盆地内部发育一系列平行展布、倾向SE或NW的高角度正断层(图5c),它们控制了盆地初始张开和沉积物充填,并记录了白垩纪伸展变形对早期缩短变形地壳结构的改造。

  • 在剖面东部(CDP 29000—CDP 33000),中—上地壳以冲断褶皱变形为主,深部存在多层滑脱构造(图5a~c)。主滑脱断裂D3倾向SE,呈阶梯状断坪-断坡式几何学,将新元古界—下古生界逆冲至上古生界之上,并与向NW微倾的滑脱断裂D4相连,形成楔状冲断构造(图5b)。这些构造可能是中生代地壳缩短变形的产物。在上地壳,永兴半地堑盆地的断陷沉积受西侧正断层控制,记录了白垩纪伸展变形(图5b、c)。

  • 横穿整个剖面,下地壳(30~36 km)发育一系列近水平、层状、弥散展布的反射层(图5b),其可能反映了下地壳的韧性拉伸或流动,形成机理可与典型大陆裂陷区发生韧性拉伸或流动的下地壳类比(Fossen et al.,2014)。莫霍(Moho)面代表了强反射下地壳和近透明上地幔之间的截然界面,总体近平坦,局部存在隆起区,空间上对应衡阳盆地的位置(图5b、c)。上地幔总体近透明,与其相对均一的成分和结构有关,顶部存在两条强反射层,位于Moho隆起带两侧下部,呈近对称和共轭展布(图5a、b)。本文将其解释为地幔剪切带,它们可能代表了上地幔顶部的局部强应变集中带,协调Moho隆起,与欧洲北海伸展断陷系统的地幔剪切带类似(Klemperer,1988)。

  • 图5 华夏地块西部十杭裂陷带及邻区深反射地震剖面(a)、深反射地震剖面与关键反射层标记(b)以及根据综合深反射地震剖面、地表地质和区域构造演化解释的构造剖面图(c)(据Dong Shuwen et al.,2023修改)

  • Fig.5 Seismic-reflection profile across the Shi-Hang Rift zone of west Cathaysia block (a) , seismic-reflection with markings of key reflections mentioned in the text (b) , and constructed cross-section based on seismic data, surface geology, and regional tectonic evolution (c) (modified after Dong Shuwen et al., 2023)

  • QYF—祁阳断裂;YXF—永兴断裂

  • QYF—Qiyang fault;YXF—Yongxing fault

  • 2.4 华夏地块中部:赣州裂陷带及邻区

  • 上地壳(0~10 km)主体为近透明或弱反射,与地表广泛出露的古生代—中生代岩浆岩对应(图6a~c)。在剖面西侧(CDP 32000—CDP 38000),发育一系列倾向NW和SE的逆冲断层,卷入变形地层为新元古界—奥陶系(图6a~c)。在剖面东侧,发育一系列冲断褶皱构造,被泥盆纪砾岩角度不整合覆盖(图6b、c),表明这些褶皱构造为早古生代造山事件的产物(Faure et al.,2009; Li Zhengxiang et al.,2010; Lin Shoufa et al.,2018)。上地壳发育多个白垩纪伸展断陷盆地(如赣州盆地),被盆地边缘的中—高角度正断层控制(图6b、c)。

  • 在中—上地壳界面(~15 km),发育一条显著的近水平滑脱断裂(D2,图6b),与上覆一系列平行展布、倾向NW的分支逆冲断层,共同构成了运动学向SE的叠瓦式逆冲构造系统(图6b、c)。滑脱断裂被多条倾向NW和SE的高角度正断层切割(F1、F2和F3,图6b)。这些正断层与上地壳断陷盆地,共同记录了白垩纪伸展对早期缩短地壳结构的改造。

  • 横穿整个剖面,下地壳(27~33 km)以一系列近水平、层状、弥散展布的反射层为典型特征(图6a、b),与上杭裂陷带剖面类似,推测其反映了韧性拉伸或流动的下地壳。在剖面东侧(CDP 40000—CDP 41000),可见与Moho面小角度相交、层状展布的韧性剪切变形样式(图6a、b)。Moho面总体近平坦,局部存在隆起带(图6a、b),代表了地壳强减薄带,与下伏近共轭展布的地幔剪切带密切相关。在空间上,Moho隆起带在浅表对应赣州裂陷带位置(CDP 36000—CDP 37000,图6a~c)。

  • 图6 华夏地块中部赣州裂陷带及邻区深反射地震剖面(a)、深反射地震剖面与关键反射层标记(b)及根据综合深反射地震剖面、地表地质和区域构造演化解释的构造剖面图(c)(据Li Jianhua et al.,2022修改)

  • Fig.6 Seismic-reflection profile across the Ganzhou rift zone of central Cathaysia block (a) , seismic-reflection profile with markings of key reflections mentioned in the text (b) and constructed cross-section based on seismic data, surface geology, and regional tectonic evolution (c) (modified after Li Jianhua et al., 2022)

  • 2.5 华夏地块东部:武夷山地体和沿海构造带

  • 武夷山地体上—中地壳发育一系列由NW向SE逆冲的冲断褶皱构造,反映地壳遭受了显著的挤压缩短变形(图7a~c)。挤压缩短导致不同深度的地壳发生不均匀应变,彼此间的应变差异被多条不同深度的近水平滑脱断裂协调(图7c),这些滑脱断裂作为应变转换带,控制了不同地壳层位间的应力传播。这些构造组成了一个多层滑脱和冲断褶皱系统(图7c),协调了上—中地壳的缩短变形。值得注意的是,这些冲断褶皱构造卷入变形的地层主要为新元古界,被弱变形的泥盆系角度不整合覆盖,并被中生代花岗岩侵入(图7c)。这些变形样式和角度不整合关系,与区域广泛的约460~420 Ma变形变质记录一起,表明地壳缩短变形的时代大致为奥陶纪—志留纪,是早古生代造山作用的产物(Charvet et al.,2010; Shu Liangshu et al.,2015)。上地壳发育一系列正断层和断陷盆地(CDP45500和CDP 49000,图7b),记录了白垩纪伸展变形。

  • 在反射剖面CDP 46000—CDP48000、深度4~14 s位置,可见一系列由平行反射层组成的强反射带,其倾向NW,倾角~30°,纵贯了整个中—下地壳,并向下延伸至上地幔,深度可达~39 km(图7a中的浅蓝色箭头)。无论叠加还是偏移剖面,均可见这些深切上地幔的强反射带(图7b),验证了反射特征的可靠性。在空间上,该反射层对应了政和-大埔断裂带的位置。在成因上,作为大陆地壳中的局部强应变带,深大断裂带具显著的各向异性、内部分层、升高的孔隙压力和水化特征等,其一般表现为强反射特征(Klemperer et al.,1986Warner and McGeary,1987)。本文将这条深切地壳和上地幔的强反射带,解释为政和-大埔断裂带,其代表了武夷山和沿海构造带的边界断裂。

  • 图7 华夏地块东部武夷山-沿海构造带深反射地震剖面(a)、深反射地震剖面与关键反射层标记(b)及根据综合深反射地震剖面、地表地质和区域构造演化解释的构造剖面图(c)(据Dong Shuwen et al.,2020修改)

  • Fig.7 Seismic-reflection profile across the Wuyishan and coastal belts of east Cathaysia block (a) , seismic-reflection with markings of key reflections mentioned in the text (b) , and constructed cross-section based on seismic data, surface geology, and regional tectonic evolution (c) (modified after Dong Shuwen et al., 2020)

  • 沿海构造带为典型的富岩浆域,以广泛的岩浆活动为特征,表现出与武夷山地体截然不同的地壳结构。沿海构造带上地壳整体为弱反射,甚至近透明,对应地表出露的白垩纪岩浆岩省,较弱的地震反射特征与岩浆岩相对均一的成分有关。白垩纪岩浆岩主要包括A型花岗岩、高分异I型花岗岩和双峰式火山岩等(Zhou Xinmin and Li Wuxian,2000),与岩石圈伸展密切相关(Li Xianhua,2000)。中—下地壳可见长短不一的平行强反射层,它们近水平,分布范围跨越9~30 km深度(图7a、b)。我们将这些强反射层解释为侵入地壳的幔源基性岩床群,主要原因如下:① 沿海构造带广泛出露基性岩群(He Zhenyu and Xu Xisheng,2012)和镁铁质暗色微粒包体(Wong Jean et al.,2009),均表明中、下地壳可能存在更多更基性(幔源)物质;② 沿海地壳具高vP/vS特性(~1.79; He Chuansong et al.,2013),远高于武夷山(1.66~1.72; He Chuansong et al.,2013)和长英质地壳(<1.73; Christensen,1996),可能与幔源岩浆底侵有关;③ 沿海岩浆岩亏损的全岩Sr-Nd同位素和锆石Hf-O同位素组成均反映其源区存在幔源物质的贡献(Wong Jean et al.,2009);④ 数值模拟表明,热的幔源基性岩浆侵入冷的地壳时,通常以基性岩床的形式就位(Gerya and Burg,2007),且基性岩床的地震波速约为6.55~7.26 km/s(Fountain et al.,1990)远高于花岗岩(约3.0~5.5 km/s),二者较大的波速差足以在地壳产生强反射(Percival et al.,1989);⑤ 这些水平反射层具横向不连续、强反射和平行展布等特征,与断陷盆地地震反射剖面中常见的基性岩床特征一致(Naviset et al.,2017)。这些强反射层在中下地壳广泛发育,其可能记录了白垩纪软流圈上涌诱发的幔源岩浆底垫(underplating)作用(Dong Shuwen et al.,2020)。强反射层的周围区域显示出相对较弱但弥散展布的层状反射,表明这些幔源基性岩床的围岩可能为发生韧性拉伸的地壳岩石,与华夏中-东部发生韧性拉伸或流动的下地壳可比。Moho面总体较平坦,并不发育显著隆起,位于10~11 s深度,表明地壳厚度约为31~33 km(图7a~c)。上岩石圈地幔总体表现为近透明或弱反射特征,并不发育地幔剪切带(图7a~c),与贫岩浆域的上杭和赣州裂陷带不同。

  • 3 白垩纪盆地沉积、构造变形和岩浆活动

  • 3.1 华南白垩纪断陷盆地沉积与变形分析

  • 华南白垩纪断陷盆地主体呈NE-SW走向平行展布,盆地张开和沉积物充填多受控于边缘的高角度正断层(图8)。盆地内沉积物碎屑组分和古水流方向的分析表明,沉积物源主要为周缘的花岗岩和前寒武纪变质岩(Shu Liangshu et al.,2009; Wang Dezi and Shu Liangshu,2012)。盆地内陆相红层经历了长期的差异风化、流水溶蚀和风力剥蚀,形成白垩纪特有的丹霞地貌(邢光福等,2013)。从内陆至沿海,本研究依次选择了一系列代表性的白垩纪断陷盆地(图8),重点对盆地内沉积物的岩性组成、厚度及年代进行了论述和对比分析(Li Jianhua et al.,2014)。总的来看,早白垩世沉积物主要集中分布在内陆,而晚白垩世沉积物更多集中在沿海,根据沉积物厚度的时空变化,可大致推测沉降中心从早白垩世至晚白垩世经历了从内陆至沿海的迁移。

  • 图8 华南大陆白垩纪盆地分布图(紫色图框地层柱状图位置,据Li Jianhua et al.,2014修改)

  • Fig.8 Distribution of Cretaceous basins within South China, with the purple diagrams representing the locations of stratigraphic columns compiled from published papers, modified after Li Jianhua et al. (2014)

  • 下白垩统在华南大陆广泛分布,其通常角度不整合覆盖在强变形的中生界和古生界之上,总出露面积85490 km2Zhou Xinmin et al.,2006; Shu Liangshu et al.,2009)。以赣江断裂为界,两侧的下白垩统显示出截然不同的岩石组成和沉积特征(图9)。赣江断裂以西,下白垩统主要由砖红色陆相碎屑岩组成,不含任何火山物质,包括粉砂岩、砂岩、泥岩、石膏和蒸发岩等(图9)。赣江断裂以东,地壳断陷沉积常伴随着强烈的火山作用,下白垩统以河流/湖泊相与火山岩相共生组合沉积为特征。火山岩以流纹岩和凝灰岩为主,出露面积从内陆向沿海逐渐增多(图9)。近年发表的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb等高精度测年结果限定了下白垩统火山岩夹层的时代,例如:版石盆地的凝灰岩和流纹岩年龄为131 Ma和143 Ma,建宁盆地的安山岩夹层年龄为136 Ma(徐先兵,2011),福州盆地的流纹岩和安山岩夹层年龄为136~131 Ma(Guo Feng et al.,2012)。这些年龄数据为限定下白垩统相应层位沉积物的时代提供了有力依据。下白垩统的断陷沉积主要受控于盆地边缘的NE-SW走向正断层。断层面上的擦痕通常向NW或SE倾伏,断层滑动矢量的统计分析表明,这些断层的形成受控于NW-SE伸展应力场(三轴主应力:σ1近垂直;σ2近水平,NE-SW方向;σ3近水平,NW-SE方向)。大部分高角度正断层为同沉积生长地层,它们在盆地的不同空间位置,控制盆地形成了不同的几何格局,如“半地堑”或“东(西)断西(东)超”型(吉泰盆地,赣州盆地和版石盆地)、地堑型(溆浦盆地)、和“中断边超”型(沅麻盆地)等(图8)。低角度正断层一般为伸展穹隆构造的主拆离断层,其协调了上盘盆地的断陷沉积及下盘变质岩的隆升剥露和韧性剪切(Ji Wenbin et al.,2018; Chu Yang et al.,2019)。这些广泛的沉积和变形记录,表明华南大陆在早白垩世遭受了强烈的伸展改造。

  • 上白垩统的总出露面积为37850 km2Zhou Xinmin et al.,2006),普遍角度不整合沉积在弱褶皱或高角度倾斜的下白垩统之上,表明华南大陆在早白垩世末期发生了区域性的构造反转。断层滑动矢量统计分析表明,这期构造反转事件与NW-SE挤压有关,其主要被盆地内部N-S走向左行走滑断裂和WNW-ESE走向右行走滑断裂组成的共轭断裂系记录。这期挤压事件造成下白垩统普遍发生缩短变形,同时还导致了长乐-南澳和莲花山构造带的韧性剪切变形(120~110 Ma; Tong and Tobisch,1996; Wang Zhihong and Lu Huafu,2000; Li Jianhua et al.,2020)。赣江断裂以西,上白垩统底部通常为砾岩,自下而上,河流/湖泊相的细碎屑沉积组分逐渐增加,局部出露团块状玄武岩(Meng Lifeng et al.,2012; Wang Menghao et al.,2023)。赣江断裂以东,下白垩统出露面积明显增多,其岩石组成以陆相碎屑岩与火山岩的共生组合为特征。这些火山岩主要为玄武岩、安山岩和流纹岩等,时代集中在100~85 Ma,如衡阳盆地玄武岩(81~71 Ma; Meng Lifeng et al.,2012),吉安盆地玄武岩(90 Ma和64 Ma; Wang Yuejun et al.,2003; 徐夕生和谢昕,2005; Meng Lifeng et al.,2012),南雄盆地玄武岩(76~70 Ma; Wang Menghao et al.,2023),攸县盆地玄武岩(~71 Ma; Meng Lifeng et al.,2012),福州盆地流纹岩(99~95 Ma; Guo Feng et al.,2012),建宁盆地流纹岩等(100 Ma; 徐先兵,2011)。上白垩统的断陷沉积大部分受控于NE-SW走向正断层,与NW-SE伸展应力场有关(图8),局部受控于E-W走向断层。NE-SW走向高角度正断裂广泛分布于各个盆地的边缘,部分具继承性质,与早白垩世断裂复活有关,其上盘出露完整的上、下白垩统沉积序列,例如攸县盆地和广昌盆地的边界断裂。局部强应变区域发育NE-SW走向的低角度拆离断裂,其协调了下盘伸展剪切和上盘盆地的沉积(如Chu Yang et al.,2019)。这些沉积和变形记录,为华南晚白垩世伸展断陷作用提供了有力证据。

  • 3.2 伸展穹隆构造

  • 伸展穹隆或变质核杂岩构造,将中地壳的岩石拆离抬升至地表(图10a、b),为研究不同地壳层次的岩石变形、构造演化和深-浅耦合关系提供了有效窗口,是揭示岩石圈伸展减薄及地表响应的关键。华南伸展穹隆,自北西向南东依次为: 越城岭(Chu Yang et al.,2019)、幕阜山(Ji Wenbin et al.,2018)、衡山(Li Jianhua et al.,2013; Wei Wei et al.,2016)、庐山(Lin Wei et al.,2000)、和莲花山(Li Jianhua et al.,2020)等(图10a)。这些伸展穹隆多为近椭圆状,长轴多呈NE-SW。穹隆核部岩石组成主要包括花岗质片麻岩、元古宙低级变质岩和复式花岗质岩体(晚志留世到早白垩世),局部含同构造花岗岩(Lin Wei et al.,2000)。靠近穹隆边部,这些岩石发生不同程度的糜棱岩化,变形强度向穹隆中心逐渐递减至未变形。这些伸展穹隆共性的特征包括:伸展穹隆多具单侧拆离特征,低角度拆离断层和韧性剪切带均分布在穹隆构造的西侧,大部分表现为上部向NW或W的运动学,变形温度400~500℃(如Ji Wenbin et al.,2018Chu Yang et al.,2019)。大部分拆离断层和剪切带糜棱面理沿西界呈穹状展布,走向由NW-SE渐变为N-S和NE-SW,无论糜棱面理走向如何变化,拉伸线理的走向保持一致,主体集中在(W)NW-(E)SE方向(图10c~g)。穹隆西侧普遍发育上盘伸展拆离盆地,受控于主拆离断层,并被白垩纪红色陆相碎屑岩沉积充填(Ji Wenbin et al.,2018; Chu Yang et al.,2019)。从伸展穹隆中剥露出的岩石主体仅遭受高绿片岩—低角闪岩变形变质来看,伸展拆离的幅度可能比较有限,不同于科迪勒拉式变质核杂岩(Lister and Davis,1989)。从运动学来看,所有伸展穹隆均一致地表现为上盘NW运动特征(Ji Wenbin et al.,2018; Chu Yang et al.,2019),SE运动记录较少,总体表现为地壳尺度 “不对称”伸展拆离特征。

  • 图9 华南内陆至沿海白垩纪盆地地层柱状对比图(据Li Jianhua et al.,2014修改)

  • Fig.9 A comparison of petrology, thickness, and geochronology of the Lower and Upper Cretaceous strata in the extensional basins of South China (modified after Li Jianhua et al., 2014)

  • 图10 华南白垩纪伸展穹隆拉伸线理和下地壳P波各向异性统计图(a)、中地壳岩石沿低角度拆离断裂拆离抬升示意图(b)(注意伸展拆离过程与中下地壳韧性拉伸同步)以及伸展穹隆糜棱面理和拉伸线理统计图(c~g)(蓝色箭头代表邻近5组数据的平均拉伸线理方位,箭头指向为剪切运动方向; 数据源自Lin Wei et al.,2000; Li Jianhua et al.,20142020; Chu Yang et al.,2019; Ji Wenbin et al.,2018

  • Fig.10 Compilation of stretching lineations in extensional domes and seismic anisotropy in the crust across eastern South China (a) , tectonic exhumation of deep-crustal rocks along low-angle detachments in extensional domes, concomitant with ductile stretching in the mid-lower crust (b) , and stereographic plots of structural elements from low-angle ductile shear zones in extensional domes (c~g) (the blue arrow represents the average direction of five nearby stretching lineations, with the arrow directions pointing toward the sense of shear; Lin Wei et al., 2000; Li Jianhua et al., 2014, 2020; Chu Yang et al., 2019; Ji Wenbin et al., 2018)

  • 伸展穹隆的缩写: DBS—大别山; MFS—幕阜山; HS—衡山; LS—庐山; YCL—越城岭; LHS—莲花山; UC—上地壳; MC—中地壳; LC—下地壳; ML—岩石圈地幔

  • Abbreviations for extensional domes: DBS—Dabieshan; MFS—Mufushan; HS—Hengshan; LS—Lushan; YCL—Yuechengling; LHS—Lianhuashan; UC—upper crust; MC—middle crust; LC—lower crust; ML—mantle lithosphere

  • 伸展穹隆的冷却历史,记录了地壳伸展减薄背景下局部强应变带中下地壳岩石的抬升剥离过程。本文对不同封闭温度体系的40Ar/39Ar、U-Th/He和裂变径迹年龄进行了统计(Lin Wei et al.,2000; Shi Wei et al.,2012; Li Jianhua et al.,2013,20162020; 杨帆,2018Ji Wenbin et al.,2018; Chu Yang et al.,2019),数据结果揭示了两阶段的快速冷却抬升(图11)。第一阶段发生于145~122 Ma,隆升起始于早白垩世,与区域伸展变形同期。在庐山,角闪石、白云母和黑云母40Ar/39Ar年龄分别为145~133 Ma、140~98 Ma和110~93 Ma(Lin Wei et al.,2000; 杨帆,2018)。其中,最老的角闪石和白云母40Ar/39Ar年龄区间为145~140 Ma,结合封闭温度的差异,推测冷却速率为~20℃/Ma(图11);略年轻的角闪石和白云母40Ar/39Ar年龄区间为133~126 Ma,对应冷却速率为~14℃/Ma(图11)。在幕阜山,据独居石U-Th-Pb和角闪石Ar-Ar年龄,快速隆升发生于129~122 Ma,对应冷却速率为25~30℃/Ma(Ji Wenbin et al.,2018)。第二阶段快速冷却发生在约110~80 Ma。大部分伸展穹隆的白云母和黑云母40Ar/39Ar年龄差仅为3~5 Ma,记录了晚白垩世的区域性快速冷却抬升事件,例如:莲花山(99~96 Ma,~33℃/Ma),庐山(101~93 Ma,~20℃/Ma),衡山(97~86 Ma,约25~30℃/Ma)。据锆石U-Th/He和磷灰石FT年龄,衡山和幕阜山90~81 Ma和84~79 Ma依次冷却抬升至~180℃和110±10℃,冷却速率分别为~19℃/Ma和≤30℃/Ma(图11)。总体而言,这两个阶段的快速冷却,记录了两期显著的与伸展拆离相关的下盘构造隆升事件,与两阶段区域性地壳伸展吻合。

  • 图11 伸展穹隆两阶段构造冷却历史(数据源自Lin Wei et al.,2000; Yang Dongsheng et al.,2010; Shi Wei et al.,2012; Li Jianhua et al.,2013,20162020; Yang Fan,2018; Ji Wenbin et al.,2018; Chu Yang et al.,2019

  • Fig.11 Temperature-time (T-t) cooling paths of extensional domes showing two phases of cooling associated with tectonic exhumation of extensional domes in South China (data sources: Lin Wei et al., 2000; Yang Dongsheng et al., 2010; Shi Wei et al., 2012; Li Jianhua et al., 2013, 2016, 2020; Yang Fan, 2018; Ji Wenbin et al., 2018; Chu Yang et al., 2019)

  • 3.3 岩浆作用

  • 为确定白垩纪岩浆活动的期次和时空规律,本文对发表的高精度锆石U-Pb年龄进行了详细统计,岩浆岩的位置和年龄见图12a,测试方法和源参考文献等见Li Jianhua et al.(2023)附表。据垂直区域构造走向的岩浆年龄变化可知,白垩纪岩浆岩的时空展布规律具有从内陆向沿海逐渐变年轻的趋势(图12b~d)。从年龄分布直方图可知,岩浆作用大规模爆发集中在145~117 Ma和107~80 Ma两个峰期,中间存在一个短暂的岩浆间歇期(图12a)。

  • 早白垩世岩浆岩(145~117 Ma)主要分布于长江中下游、东南沿海和绍兴-江山缝合带等地(图12a;Wang et al.,2005; Yang Shuiyuan et al.,201020112012; Wong Jean et al.,2011; Jiang Yaohui et al.,2011; Qiu Liang et al.,2022b)。这些岩浆岩以中酸性侵入岩和火山岩为主,岩性主要包括花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩、二长岩、闪长岩、正长岩及其对应的火山岩(流纹-英安-安山质熔岩)。根据全岩地球化学特征,岩浆岩可分为I型和A型两类。I型岩浆岩以花岗质侵入岩为主,普遍含角闪石,常可见镁铁质暗色微粒包体。岩石多为准铝质—弱过铝质、高钾钙碱性,其P2O5含量和Zr饱和温度较低(约750~780℃)(如Guo Feng et al.,2012; Yan Lili et al.,2018; Jia Lihui et al.,2020),部分岩石发生了显著的结晶分异,具有高SiO2含量(>75%)及稀土元素的“四分组效应”,这些高分异的I型岩浆岩常与Sn、Cu、Pb、Zn等矿化密切相关(如Qiu Liang et al.,2017; Yan Qinghe et al.,2017)。A型岩浆岩主要为空间上密切伴生的酸性火山岩和花岗质侵入岩,它们大多为过铝质—强过铝质、高钾钙碱性—钾玄质系列岩石,富K2O、ΣREE和Zr+Nb+Y+Ce,并具较高的Zr饱和温度(通常>800℃)、Fe/(Fe+Mg)和10000×Ga/Al比值(如Wong Jean et al.,2009; Jiang Yaohui et al.,2011; Yang Wei et al.,2012)。早白垩世中酸性岩浆岩的全岩εNdt)多为负值(-10.1~-0.3;如Jiang Yaohui et al.,2011; Gu et al.,2017; Li Jianhua et al.,2017; Song Zhigang et al.,2018; Xin Yujia et al.,2023),锆石εHft)值变化极大(-29.7~+10.3),且大都为负值(如Wong Jean et al.,20092011; Guo Feng et al.,2012; Tao Lu et al.,2020),表明其形成与古老变质基底的部分熔融有关,并可能存在少量幔源物质的加入(如Wong Jean et al.,2009; Yang Wei et al.,2012)。在赣杭构造带,少量早白垩世镁铁质岩浆岩侵入到中酸性岩浆岩中,这些基性岩均为钙碱性—高钾钙碱性系列,具有与IAB(富集LILEs、亏损HFSEs)或OIB(富集Nb和Ta)类似的微量元素特征(Qi Youqiang et al.,2016; Jiang Xiaoyan et al.,20182020; Su Haiyan et al.,2021; Wang Sinuo and Yan Jun,2021; Yan Qinghe et al.,2021)。大多数镁铁质岩石具有富集的同位素组成(全岩εNdt)=-14.27~-0.11,锆石εHft)=-9.5~+1.9;如Qi Youqiang et al.,2012; Su Haiyan et al.,2021; Yan Qinghe et al.,2021),揭示其源区为古老的富集岩石圈地幔(如Jiang Xiaoyan et al.,20182020)。

  • 经历了短暂的岩浆宁静期(117~108 Ma),华南东部再次爆发了大规模的岩浆侵位和火山喷发活动,时代集中在107~80 Ma(如Jahn et al.,1986; Chen Chenghong et al.,2008; Wong Jean et al.,2011)。晚白垩世岩浆岩集中分布于政和-大埔断裂带以东的沿海地区,在内陆仅有零星出露(图12a; Geng Hongyan et al.,2006; Chen Chenghong et al.,2008)。在沿海东北部,晚白垩世火山岩常与中心侵入岩一起构成“破火山(caldera)”,如雁荡山和云山破火山(Yan Lili et al.,20162018; Xu Xisheng et al.,2021),这些火山岩多为高Si流纹岩,而侵入岩多为偏中性的二长斑岩或石英正长斑岩,且普遍含有镁铁质暗色微粒包体(Xu Xisheng et al.,2021)。在沿海西南部,晚白垩世岩浆岩常呈复式岩基产出,如漳州、泉州等复式岩体(Chen Jingyuan et al.,20132019; Yang Jinbao et al.,2018)。这些岩体主体为黑云母花岗岩、二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩等,局部可见辉石闪长岩(Xu Xisheng et al.,2021)。岩石地球化学研究表明,华南晚白垩世酸性火山岩和花岗岩为准铝质、钙碱性或高钾钙碱性,K2O+Na2O含量高,富集LREE和LILEs而亏损HFSEs,显示出I型或A型花岗岩的特征(He Zhenyu and Xu Xisheng,2012; Li Zhen et al.,2014; Tao Lu et al.,2020)。它们通常具有富集的全岩Sr-Nd同位素组成(87Sr/86Sri=0.7056~0.7090,εNdt)=-6.5~-1.5;如Li Zhen et al.,2014),锆石εHft)值变化范围较大(-23.4~+10.3;Guo Feng et al.,2012; Chen Jingyuan et al.,20132019; Yan Lili et al.,20162018)。这些岩浆岩可能形成于多种源区的部分熔融,包括古老地壳、新生地壳、富集岩石圈地幔和亏损的软流圈地幔等(He Zhenyu and Xu Xisheng,2012; Chen Ling et al.,2014; Liu Lei et al.,2016; Yan Lili et al.,2018)。华南晚白垩世基性岩发育较少。在沿海地区,这些基性岩为玄武岩产出于火山盆地中(例如云山地区;Xu Xisheng et al.,2021),或呈镁铁质岩墙群侵入到花岗岩体中。而在内陆地区,晚白垩世基性岩为玄武岩夹层产出于白垩纪断陷盆地中(例如衡阳、赣州、南雄盆地等;如Chen Chenghong et al.,2008; Meng Lifeng et al.,2012; Guo Feng et al.,2021)。不同地区的晚白垩世基性岩显示出不同的地球化学特征(如Guo Feng et al.,2021):沿海地区基性岩具钙碱性岛弧玄武岩的地球化学特征(富集LILEs、亏损HFSEs)和富集的Sr-Nd同位素组成(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7048~0.7073;εNdt)=-4.7~-0.2);内陆基性岩为碱性OIB型玄武岩,其Sr-Nd同位素组成变化较大(87Sr/86Sri)=0.7032~0.7075;εNdt)=-1.7~+8.0)。这些镁铁质岩石均起源于交代的地幔楔,但交代介质存在差异:岛弧玄武岩源区的交代介质为洋壳上部海洋沉积物部分熔融的熔体,而OIB型玄武岩源区的交代介质为镁铁质洋壳脱水产生的流体(如Guo Feng et al.,2021)。这些广泛分布的侵入岩和火山岩,记录了晚白垩世地壳伸展过程中广泛的地幔部分熔融和壳-幔相互作用过程(Zhou Xinmin and Li Wuxian,2000; Shu Liangshu et al.,2009)。

  • 图12 华南白垩纪岩浆岩时空分布图和年龄分布直方图(a),垂直区域构造走向的岩浆年龄时空变化规律,均指示从内陆向沿海逐渐变年轻的趋势(b~d)(据Li Jianhua et al.,2023修改)

  • Fig.12 Sketch map showing the ages and distribution of Cretaceous granitoids in South China (a) , the upper-left inset figure shows a histogram of zircon U-Pb ages of Cretaceous igneous rocks (b~d) (modified after Li Jianhua et al., 2023)

  • 4 侏罗纪东亚安第斯型活动大陆边缘与华南弧背缩短系统的形成

  • 晚中生代,随着古特斯域和古太平洋两大构造域的动力体制显著转变,中国东部的构造格局发生了由E-W向构造主导向NE-SW向构造主导的转变(张岳桥等,2009)。在多板块汇聚构造格局下(董树文等,2008),中国东部形成了安第斯型陆缘俯冲造山系统,古太平洋板块俯冲为促进构造体制转变的关键因素之一。古太平洋最古老俯冲带可能位于日本到中国东南沿海海域一带(李三忠等,2018)。日本印支期双变质带(内带:约215~190 Ma飞弹高温低压变质带;外带:三郡低温高压变质带),被解释为①古太平洋板块俯冲起始的标志,或②古特提斯洋残余(Isozaki et al.,2010)。李三忠等(2018)认为侏罗世—早白垩世东亚大陆边缘发育一条俯冲增生杂岩带,空间展布从华南沿海,经华北东部、朝鲜半岛和大兴安岭,向北达Uda-Murgal弧,为东亚安第斯型大陆边缘的形成提供了关键地质证据。Xu Changhai et al.(2017)在东海钻孔岩芯中识别出早侏罗世(198~195 Ma)具岛弧特征的钙碱性高镁闪长岩,与台湾大南澳太鲁阁带残留的早侏罗世弧岩浆岩(Jahn et al.,1990),均为古太平洋板块俯冲形成的早侏罗世弧岩浆活动的产物,标志着华南东部安第斯型活动陆缘的形成。斑岩铜矿通常形成于岩浆弧环境,与板块俯冲相关的钙碱性岩浆密切相关,其时代可用于约束俯冲启动的最晚时代(Sillitoe,1972Kerrich et al.,2000; 侯增谦等,2007)。数值模拟研究证实,从初始板块俯冲,至俯冲洋壳部分熔融和斑岩铜矿形成,会经历最长~40 Ma的滞后期(皇甫鹏鹏等,2016)。位于江西的德兴铜矿,代表华南东部最大的斑岩铜矿(Mao Jingwen et al.,2011),相关岩浆活动的时代为中侏罗世(176~162 Ma;Wang Qiang et al.,2006; Liu Xuan et al.,2012)。这些斑岩铜矿形成于活动大陆边缘环境,与古太平洋板块俯冲诱发的部分熔融相关,成矿物质可能源于俯冲洋壳和地幔楔(李三忠等,2018)。

  • 综合华南深反射地震解译和地表变形观测结果,可得出下述认识:① 扬子褶皱冲断带以隔档和隔槽式褶皱变形为主,与深部多层次滑脱和双重逆冲推覆作用密切相关(图4b);② 扬子主滑脱断裂表现为地壳尺度的断坪-断坡-断坪式几何学,其控制了构造变形由SE向NW的逆冲扩展,并协调了薄皮构造系统中强变形(上地壳)盖层和未变形(中地壳)基底之间的变形差异;③ 由SE向NW的逆冲和基底多层次滑脱作用,是导致地壳变形由SE向NW扩展的主要机制,其主导了薄皮和厚皮逆冲构造系统的形成和空间展布,并控制了应力传播;④ 自北西向南东,四川盆地弱变形,扬子褶皱冲断带依次发育薄皮和厚底构造,雪峰山、江南造山带和华夏地区基底卷入变形,局部发育磨拉石建造(Xiao Wenjiao and He Haiqing,2005),暗示更深地壳变形层次,上述构造变形式样揭示了整体由SE向NW的逆冲扩展的变形规律。这些冲断褶皱构造共同组成了一个宽阔的大陆缩短变形系统,其变形扩展规律与科迪勒拉造山带弧背缩短系统类似(如DeCelles,2004; Dickinson,2004; DeCelles et al.,2009)。

  • 早侏罗世,古太平洋板块的俯冲在华南大陆边缘施加挤压应力,导致弧背缩短系统初始形成(图13a),并处于高应变速率状态。弧背系统局部发育190~180 Ma中—基性岩浆岩,岩性主要为辉长岩、正长岩、少量流纹岩和玄武岩等(Li Xianhua et al.,2004),反映了局部的岩石圈伸展,但其动力学机制仍不清楚。中侏罗世,弧背系统发生了显著的地壳缩短加厚(图13b),伴随着应力应变从大陆边缘逐渐向北西传播至大陆内部,扬子褶皱冲断带地壳缩短幅度至少为~160 km,缩短率>18%~21%(Yan Danping et al.,2003)。因缩短变形主要集中在上地壳,考虑到中、上地壳间滑脱层的存在,变形的上地壳与中下地壳会发生变形解耦,对应的中下地壳和岩石圈地幔会部分下冲(underthrusting)至华夏地块深部,促进华夏地壳和岩石圈地幔的缩短加厚(图13b)。华夏地块出露深层次推覆体并具更高的缩短率(约37%~45%)(Chen,1999),表明同时期地壳具更高的挤压变形和缩短程度,由此产生的加厚地壳和岩石圈会加剧重力不稳定,促进岩石圈的拆沉。总体来看,华南大陆侏罗纪强烈的冲断褶皱变形、隆升剥蚀和磨拉石沉积等,表明受控于古太平洋板块俯冲,大陆内部形成了一个宽阔的(>800 km)弧背缩短系统,以由SE向NW逆冲迁移扩展变形为特征。古太平洋板块的俯冲是导致弧背缩短系统形成的重要外部控制因素,但源自(尤其古特提斯域)周缘板块的围限和相互作用也不可忽略,值得进一步深入研究。

  • 图13 华南弧背缩短系统的形成与演化模型(据Li Jianhua et al.,2018修改)

  • Fig.13 Sequential kinematic reconstruction for the formation and evolution of the retro-arc shortening system in South China (modified after Li Jianhua et al., 2018)

  • 值得注意的是,华南东部发育中侏罗世(~173 Ma)埃达克质岩(Wang Qiang et al.,2006),具高Sr/Y和La/Yb比值,暗示其源区残留相中存在稳定的石榴子石(如石榴子石斜长角闪岩或榴辉岩),对应部分熔融深度至少为~40 km(~1.2 GPa; Rapp and Watson,1995)。这些岩石学证据表明中侏罗世华南东部存在一个加厚的地壳,厚度至少达40 km,大于现今地壳厚度(~32 km; Guo Lianghui et al.,2019)。华南东部发育伸展相关的(172~165 Ma)玄武岩、双峰式岩浆和A型(I型)花岗岩等(Li Xianhua et al.,2003),其中,花岗质岩石的锆石εHft)值总体为负(-23.1~0.1; Li Jianhua et al.,2018),岩浆源区主要为古老的地壳物质(Zhou Xinmin et al.,2006)。这些伸展相关的岩石学证据,暗示加厚地壳导致的重力不稳定可能在~170 Ma达到了临界状态,并进一步诱发了岩石圈拆沉和软流圈上涌,其导致减薄的地壳发生部分熔融,形成约170~150 Ma伸展相关的岩浆岩(图13b)。本文推测,中侏罗世早期弧背挤压缩短导致的加厚地壳和岩石圈,是发生岩石圈拆沉的先决条件,而接下来大规模伸展相关岩浆岩的侵位,则记录了岩石圈拆沉的大致空间位置和时代。

  • 综上所述,板块俯冲、弧岩浆、大陆变形和挤压缩短、岩石圈加厚和拆沉等构造过程在成因上是相互关联的,它们主导了华南弧背缩短系统形成演化过程中的变形传播和物质运移。

  • 5 华南白垩纪弧后系统:伸展和挤压变形交替演化

  • 白垩纪,华南构造体制发生重大转折,弧背系统东部遭受了强烈的伸展改造,岩石圈发生减薄和巨变,地壳广泛伸展断陷,形成了一系列NE-SW走向、平行展布的盆地和伸展穹隆构造(图13c),并伴随强烈的岩浆侵位和火山喷发(Lin Wei et al.,2000; Zhou Xinmin and Li Wuxian,2000; Zhou Xinmin et al.,2006; Ji Wenbin et al.,2018)。这些盆地与山岭(多为基底或花岗岩)相间排列,形成了宽阔且独特的盆岭格局(Shu Liangshu et al.,2009),与美国西部的盆岭省可比(Gilder et al.,1991)。综合区域断陷沉积、盆地演化、伸展穹隆变形和冷却记录,华南白垩纪大陆伸展呈明显的两阶段性,伴随着两阶段(140~120 Ma和110~85 Ma)的爆发式岩浆作用。两阶段伸展方向均以NW-SE伸展为主,分别控制了早白垩世和晚白垩世的地壳断陷,形成的伸展穹隆和低角度拆离断层均以上盘NW(W)向运动为主(如Chu Yang et al.,2019)。与早白垩世伸展不同的是,晚白垩世断陷盆地发育块状玄武岩或夹层,沿海发育双峰式岩浆作用,表明晚白垩世伸展影响的壳幔层次更深(Shu Liangshu et al.,20042009)。

  • 值得注意的是,这两期伸展幕被中间的挤压变形事件分隔。这期挤压事件为区域性上、下白垩统角度不整合面形成的原因,古构造应力场以NW-SE挤压为主,其造成盆地广泛构造反转,莲花山和长乐-南澳等重大断裂带发生逆冲剪切(如Wei Wei et al.,20152023)和走滑剪切变形(Tong and Tobisch,1996; Wang Zhihong and Lu Huafu,2000),并终止了伸展相关岩浆活动,形成岩浆间歇期(图12a)。结合剪切带同构造期云母和角闪石40Ar/39Ar年龄,这期挤压事件的变形时代大致为120~110 Ma(Tong and Tobisch,1996; Wang Zhihong and Lu Huafu,2000)。关于这期挤压事件的动力学机制一直存有争议,可能与陆缘微板块碰撞(Faure et al.,1989; Charvet et al.,1994; Lapierre et al.,1997)或板片俯冲角度变缓(Chu Yang et al.,2019; Li Jianhua et al.,2020)有关。

  • 综合白垩纪沉积、变形和岩浆记录可知,华南白垩纪非单一阶段演化,表现为伸展和挤压变形的交替演化,其与幕式岩浆活动(爆发期和间歇期)具很好的时间对应关系。关于华南白垩纪构造演化的动力学机制,需放在“挤压与伸展交替”的大地构造格局背景下考虑,尤其要注意对下述进行解释:① 伸展与挤压变形事件的转换;② 挤压事件与岩浆间歇期的成因联系。大陆伸展与挤压事件的转换,多源于俯冲板片“后撤式”与“前进式”动力学转换,与板块俯冲角度变化密切相关。因早白垩世伸展方向为NW-SE,与板片后撤方向一致(Sun Weidong et al.,2007),我们推测早白垩世伸展与古太平洋板片后撤动力学有关(图14a)。而早白垩世末期挤压事件,可能与古太平洋板片的低角度前进式俯冲有关。导致低角度俯冲的可能原因:① 随着早白垩世海沟后撤和板片回卷,俯冲板片角度会逐渐变陡,板片底部会不断俯冲下沉至软流圈地幔,导致榴辉岩化相变和比重增大,最终从板片边部发生断离,致使俯冲板片回弹(Haschke et al.,2002),造成低角度俯冲(图14b)或 ② 洋底高原到达俯冲带处(Collins,2002)。大陆挤压变形与岩浆间歇期之间可能的成因联系:① 挤压造成地壳缩短加厚,增加的压力不利于熔体产生,不符合常见的“减压熔融”的成因环境;② 与高角度俯冲不同,在低角度或平俯冲背景下,俯冲板片与上覆板片之间没有地幔楔或仅很少地幔楔存在,不利于熔融作用发生(Gutscher et al.,2000)。晚白垩世,随着俯冲作用持续进行,因俯冲板片的负浮力,会导致俯冲角度逐渐变陡和板片后撤,其可能诱发华南再次区域性大陆伸展和岩浆活动(图14c)。俯冲板片的持续后撤,也合理解释了白垩纪岩浆活动向南东逐渐迁移的规律(Zhou Xinmin and Li Wuxian,2000)。

  • 综上,华南白垩纪以大陆伸展为主,经历了周期性的伸展和挤压变形交替演化,并伴随着岩浆活动的爆发、迁移和停止等,其可能与古太平洋板片俯冲动力学变化有关,包括俯冲板片后撤、低角度俯冲及板片后撤重启等(图14)。

  • 图14 华南白垩纪大地构造演化及动力学模型图

  • Fig.14 A cartoon model showing the Cretaceous tectonic evolution of South China associated with evolving dynamics of the Paleo-Pacific subduction zone

  • 6 华南白垩纪岩石圈伸展和减薄

  • 6.1 岩石圈分层差异伸展

  • 在沿海构造带以西的贫岩浆域,深反射地震剖面数据揭示了华夏地块岩石圈垂向应变分配规律:① 在上地壳,伸展变形不均一分布,集中在断陷盆地和伸展穹隆,其不同程度改造了早期挤压构造(图15中a);② 在下地壳,伸展变形具相对均一性,以广泛流动或韧性拉伸变形为特征(图15中b);③ 在岩石圈地幔上部,局部强应变域形成低角度地幔剪切带,其分散展布,协调了局部Moho隆起(图15中c);④ 在岩石圈地幔下部,伸展导致了弥散性的黏弹塑性拉伸变形(图15中d)。据此,本文强调贫岩浆域岩石圈可分为四层,并提出了随深度变化的分层差异伸展模式(图15)。这一模式与强调岩石圈伸展的简单剪切模式(Wernicke,19811995)显著不同。

  • 本文证实下地壳以长距离(~800 km)、近水平韧性拉伸或流动为典型特征,与美国西部盆岭省类似(Hamilton,1987; Buck,1991)。在规模上,长距离的下地壳流动与广泛的大陆伸展减薄吻合(图15)。在成因上,下地壳的流动变形取决于下地壳的低黏性特征,与温度、成分、伸展速率和应变弱化等因素有关(Brune et al.,2014)。在东部沿海富岩浆域,大规模展布的岩浆岩证实下地壳普遍发生了高温部分熔融(Rosenberg and Handy,2005),其会导致地壳强度的显著降低(Costa and Rey,1995)。广泛的韧性拉伸和部分熔融证实了一个“弱”且“热”的下地壳。考虑到岩石圈的“三明治”流变分层结构和各分层刚性程度差异,伸展应变会大部分集中在“弱”下地壳(Bendick and Flesch,2007)。近水平的下地壳韧性拉伸或流动,会促进应力和应变侧向远距离传播,补偿上地壳的不均一减薄(Nelson,1992; Fossen et al.,2014)。这个过程会减少地壳厚度的空间变化,形成一个相对平滑和近水平的Moho(图15),与大部分欧洲大陆裂谷带类似(Block and Royden,1990; Buck,1991; Rey,1993; Whitney et al.,2013)。

  • 图15 华南贫岩浆域白垩纪岩石圈分层差异伸展模式(修改自Li Jianhua et al.,2023

  • Fig.15 Depth-dependent differential extension of the lithosphere in the magma-poor domain of South China (modified after Li Jianhua et al., 2023)

  • 地幔剪切带呈分散展布,表明了上岩石圈地幔伸展的不均一性,以局部形成强应变集中带为特征,与下地壳广泛的韧性剪切/流动显著不同。在空间和成因上,地幔剪切带影响Moho深度变化,与Moho隆起直接关联。这些剪切带代表地幔顶部局部发育的强应变集中带(Frederiksen and Braun,2001)。随着岩石圈伸展的持续进行,沿共轭对称展布的地幔剪切带会发生简单剪切,导致上岩石圈地幔的抬升,形成Moho隆起,与地幔核杂岩隆升机理类似(Brun et al.,2018)。值得注意的是,这些Moho隆起带在空间上与地表裂陷带对应(图15),暗示二者存在成因联系,它们共同导致了地壳颈缩(crustal necking),协调了地壳尺度的纯剪切变形(Brun,1999)。数值模拟结果证实,岩石圈变形过程中,可发生剪切机制转换,在应变集中过程中常以纯剪切机制为主,随着应变集中结束,则转变为以简单剪切机制为主(Frederiksen and Braun,2001)。总体而言,本文证实岩石圈伸展导致了地壳不稳定,形成了以地壳颈缩为特征的局部强变形域,其地表为裂陷带,深部对应Moho隆起带,与下伏共轭展布的地幔剪切带密切相关(图15)。

  • 6.2 地幔流和岩石圈底部牵引剪切应力

  • 俯冲洋壳的密度一般比软流圈地幔高,二者在岩石组成和地球化学等方面存在明显差异(Doglioni et al.,1999; Schellart,2020)。在海沟后撤和板片回卷过程中,俯冲板片下沉和负浮力作用,会诱发显著的地幔流动(Uyeda and Kanamori,1979; Sternai et al.,2014)。我们推测白垩纪华南地幔流主体为向南东方向,其会促进海沟后撤和拖拽华南大陆向海沟方向移动,加剧岩石圈伸展(图16)。华南西侧存在刚硬的扬子克拉通,而东南侧缺乏阻挡作用,与向南东方向的地幔流吻合(Sun Weidong et al.,2007)。作为大尺度地幔对流的一个重要部分,地幔流可以将部分亏损的地幔物质从弧后区域传送到地幔楔(Currie et al.,2004; Magni,2019),影响区域岩浆活动。华南岩石圈下伏向南东方向的地幔流,与白垩纪岩浆活动向南东的迁移和逐渐增加的幔源组分规律一致(Chen Jiangfeng and Jahn,1998)(图12b~d),表明了地幔流对岩浆活动的成分、成因和迁移起到了关键控制作用。

  • 在板片后撤和地幔流动过程中,一方面,地幔流会不断热化学侵蚀岩石圈底部;另一方面,俯冲板片脱水会释放大量挥发物(如水和CO2)进入岩石圈地幔。这两个过程均会降低岩石圈强度,减少岩石圈和软流圈二者间的流变性质差异。通常情况下,板片后撤诱发的地幔流动速度会远大于上覆板片移动速度(Schellart and Moresi,2013; Jadamec,2016)。因速度和岩性差异,地幔流会在岩石圈底部产生牵引剪切应力(最大可达~100 MPa,Bürgmann and Dresen,2008; Meyer and Schellart,2013; Kaban et al.,2015)(图16),其会通过岩石圈-软流圈界面(LAB)向上传播,诱发与地幔流相关的耦合变形。综上所述,我们推测古太平洋板片后撤作用诱发了显著的地幔流,其在华南岩石圈底部形成了强烈的牵引剪切应力(basal traction forces),可能为驱动华南岩石圈伸展的关键深部动力(图16)。类似的动力学过程,在东地中海和北爱琴海弧后地区,均有报道(Jolivet et al.,20082018; Brun and Sokoutis,2010; Artemieva,2022)。

  • 6.3 岩石圈伸展垂向变形一致和应力传播

  • 本文对白垩纪伸展诱发的壳幔变形场进行了总结。盆地和伸展穹隆变形分析表明,上地壳以NW-SE伸展为主。P波方位各向异性是确定地壳和地幔地震各向异性的重要手段(Huang Zhouchuan et al.,20142021)。在下地壳(~25 km),P波快波方向主体NW-SE,代表了下地壳韧性拉伸形成的应变组构的优选方位(图16)。在岩石圈地幔上部,伸展导致应变集中,形成共轭展布的地幔剪切带,其主导了上地幔的伸展变形和局部的Moho隆起(图16)。在岩石圈地幔下部(40~65 km),地幔P波快波表现为较一致的NW-SE方向(Huang Zhouchuan et al.,2014),与伸展方向平行(图16)。总体来看,自下而上,从岩石圈地幔到上地壳,应变方式近一致地表现为W(N)W-E(S)E伸展(图16),反映了整个岩石圈的垂向变形一致性。

  • 考虑到大陆地表为无应力状态,驱动岩石圈伸展的应力一般源于大陆深部,并自下而上,由地幔向地壳逐渐传播(Bendick and Flesch,2007; Thybo et al.,2019)。在岩石圈底部,地幔流诱发的剪切牵引应力,会导致下岩石圈地幔发生被动拉伸,迫使地幔应变优选方向与地幔流方向平行(图16),其可能为驱动大陆岩石圈长距离伸展的深部一级动力。因显著流变学差异,“弱”下地壳层代表了壳幔之间的高应变、应力转换构造带。因地壳和地幔在岩石组成和黏性流变特征存在差异,岩石圈伸展会导致壳-幔间发生剪切作用(Frederiksen and Braun,2001),其会促进下地壳发生被动韧性拉伸变形(图16)。与“弱”下地壳相比,上岩石圈地幔大部分刚性强度高,并不利于应力传播,而局部的地幔剪切带则可聚集应变,并作为关键的应力传播构造(图16),上岩石圈地幔剪切作用可有效地加强壳-幔间剪切变形,并促进下地壳韧性拉伸,将下地壳和岩石圈地幔的变形关联。这一过程已被数值模拟结果证实(Frederiksen and Braun,2001)。

  • 图16 华南上地壳应变、下地壳和上岩石圈地幔各向异性统计图,其揭示岩石圈垂向应变场和垂向变形一致特征(修改自Li Jianhua et al.,2023

  • Fig.16 A compilation of structural analyses in the upper crust and azimuthal anisotropy data in the lower crust and upper mantle; it shows a subparallel strain distribution pattern consistent with vertical deformation coherence within the lithosphere (modified after Li Jianhua et al., 2023)

  • 6.4 岩石圈减薄

  • 白垩纪伸展导致华南东部的岩石圈发生了显著减薄。南北(大兴安岭—太行山—武陵山)重力梯度带,是整个中国东部地壳和岩石圈厚度变化的一级界线(Deng Yangfan et al.,2021),代表了华南地壳和岩石圈减薄的大致西部边界。南北重力梯度带两侧,地壳和岩石圈厚度存在明显差异:西侧扬子克拉通地壳和岩石圈厚度分别为~40 km和≥150 km,而东侧伸展系统地壳和岩石圈厚度减薄至~30 km和80~100 km(Deng Yangfan et al.,2021)。

  • 岩石圈减薄不仅仅是物理厚度的减少,还伴随着岩石圈化学性质和热状态的变化。关于岩石圈减薄的动力学机制,通常有热机械-化学侵蚀(徐义刚,1999; 郑建平,1999; 路凤香等,2000)和拆沉作用(邓晋福等,19962003; Gao Shan et al.,19982002; 吴福元和孙德有,1999; 吴福元等,20002003)两种模式。拆沉模式指导致岩石圈榴辉岩相相变,因重力不稳定,被拆沉到软流圈中,这一过程一般对应大尺度、短时间的岩石圈几何学突变事件。地球物理资料证实,古太平洋板块后撤过程中,可能伴随着华南岩石圈的拆沉作用(Zhang Haijiang et al.,2023)。李三忠等(2018)提出分层拆沉过程,热熔体或超临界流体沿着一些层间薄弱面破坏岩石圈,导致岩石圈逐层脱离,并强调华南岩石圈拆沉具向南东逐渐变新的趋势,与岩浆作用的时空迁移规律一致。同时,岩石圈的不均一拆沉过程会控制地表的差异性隆升,其被认为是形成白垩纪“盆岭”地貌格局的关键因素之一(Zhang Haijiang et al.,2023)。热机械-化学侵蚀模式则强调上涌的软流圈的热传导作用导致岩石圈底部不断发生“烘烤”软化,在水平剪切应力作用下,导致岩石圈底部逐渐转变为软流圈的一部分,宏观上表现为持续时间较久、逐渐减薄的均变过程。热侵蚀过程与长距离地幔流在机理上互恰,并可用于解释华南长时间(140~120 Ma和110~85 Ma)、长距离(~800 km)、相对均匀(变化幅度<20 km)的岩石圈减薄特征。关于华南岩石圈减薄,拆沉和热机械-化学侵蚀这两个过程可能都存在,究竟哪种起主导,仍有待进一步研究。

  • 6.5 岩石圈伸展、板片后撤和地幔流三位一体的动力学耦合系统

  • 本文展示的地表变形、深部结构和岩浆资料,揭示了华南岩石圈长距离伸展的一级大地构造格架。华南东部白垩纪遭受了强烈的地壳伸展、下地壳韧性拉伸和广泛地壳熔融作用,均表明深部存在一个弱、薄和热的岩石圈,与全球大部分裂谷系和弧后伸展系统一致(Currie et al.,2004; Göğüş,2015; Jolivet et al.,2018; Artemieva,2022)。

  • 我们推测华南白垩纪岩石圈伸展与古太平洋板片后撤动力学有关。板片后撤会诱发显著的软流圈上涌,不断贡献热和熔流体,在岩石圈底部引发一系列物理和化学过程(例如水化反应和部分熔融等),减弱岩石圈强度(Bahadori and Holt,2019)。这些过程会逐渐破坏岩石圈底部,促进热化学剥蚀,导致岩石圈根的去除或拆沉(Shen Weisen et al.,2018)。岩石圈去根作用和伴随的软流圈上涌会促进地表抬升(图17)。随着去根作用的持续进行,热的软流圈将不断取代岩石圈地幔,形成地幔包体和大地电磁数据揭示的“肥沃的”(fertile)岩石圈(Xu Xisheng et al.,2000)。更值得注意的是,板片后撤会诱发剧烈的地幔流(如Sternai et al.,2014)。一方面,地幔流会促进热和流体的远距离传播,导致岩石圈地幔底部的长距离热剥蚀作用,并控制岩浆岩的时空展布和成分变化。另一方面,地幔流会在岩石圈底部施加剪切牵引应力(图17),驱动岩石圈伸展(Meyer and Schellart,2013)。在贫岩浆域,从岩石圈地幔到上地壳,整个岩石圈的变形具垂向一致性,记录了层间变形关联和垂向应力传播过程(图16),间接反映了地幔流对整个岩石圈伸展的控制作用。在富岩浆域,板片后撤在地幔楔附近会诱发显著的软流圈上涌和幔源岩浆底垫作用,显著的加热熔融作用导致刚性地幔顶层和地幔剪切带消失,并诱发了大规模岩浆活动,是沿海一级构造-白垩纪岩浆省形成的关键因素。

  • 本文提出的动力学模型相对全面地解释了华南岩石圈伸展的壳幔结构、变形过程和驱动力等,并诠释了壳幔变形与板片后撤的内在联系。我们认为岩石圈伸展、板片后撤和地幔流形成了三位一体的地球动力学耦合系统(图17),将华南岩石圈伸展的驱动力归结为:① 古太平洋俯冲带海沟后撤和板片回卷诱发的远程效应,和② 地幔流在岩石圈底部施加的剪切牵引应力。同时,这一模型还刻画了与深度相关的岩石圈分层差异伸展机制,突出了岩石圈长距离伸展的侧向变化规律和垂向变形一致性。提出的岩石圈分层差异伸展模式(图15),为探讨全球其他裂谷带和弧后地区(例如欧洲爱琴海和美国盆岭省)的岩石圈伸展方式(例如局部应变集中、构造耦合和垂向变形一致等)提供了关键参考(Brun and Sokoutis,2010)。

  • 图17 华南岩石圈伸展、古太平洋板片后撤和地幔流三位一体的动力学模型(修改自Li Jianhua et al.,2023

  • Fig.17 Tectonic model showing the association between the lithospheric extension of South China, underlying mantle flow, and the rollback of the Paleo-Pacific slab (modified after Li Jianhua et al., 2023)

  • 7 晚中生代东亚地貌演变:东部高原形成与垮塌

  • 晚中生代,古太平洋板块的俯冲作用不仅造就了华南宽阔的大陆变形-岩浆系统,还导致构造地貌发生重大变迁。侏罗纪,古太平洋板块的俯冲导致东亚陆缘地壳缩短加厚,并造成地表持续抬升,在中国东部形成东部高原(李三忠等,2018),其形成机理与东太平洋俯冲形成的北美科罗拉多高原和南美安第斯高原可比(Garzione et al.,2008)。中-晚侏罗世埃达克岩记录了中国东部大陆增厚背景下的局部下地壳熔融,为追溯古高原的时空分布提供了重要的岩石学资料。张旗等(2001)根据中—晚侏罗世埃达克岩的分布特征,大致厘定了中国东部高原的空间范围。早白垩世初期,以华北克拉通破坏和华南岩石圈减薄为特征的伸展改造,导致东部高原垮塌,地形由高变低,高原地貌逐渐消失,取而代之的是伸展相关的盆岭地貌格局。在这个过程中,岩石圈减薄和拆沉作用可能代表了高原垮塌的内部深部过程(李三忠等,2018),而古太平洋板片后撤作用则代表了一个外部触发和促进因素。晚白垩世中期(<80 Ma),华南经历了由安第斯型活动陆缘向西太平洋型沟-弧-盆体系的转换(Jiang Xiaoyan and Li Xianhua,2014),地形进一步降低(Li Zhengxiang et al.,2012)。新生代以来,一方面,随着现今太平洋构造域海沟向东大规模后撤,东亚陆缘形成了一系列边缘海盆地和沟-弧-盆系统,尤其中国东部海域持续断陷和沉降,形成海平面以下的大陆架和渤海湾等盆地(李三忠等,2018);另一方面,随着强烈的印-欧碰撞造山和青藏高原形成(Molnar and Tapponnier,1975; Tapponnier et al.,1982; Yin An and Harrison,2000),中国大陆地形地貌发生了显著的翘变,形成了主导现今的“西高东低”一级地貌格局。

  • 致谢:谨以此文纪念黄汲清院士诞辰120周年! 本研究近10年期间持续获得了国家自然科学基金委、科学技术部、地质力学研究所及中国地质科学院的项目资助,在此表示诚挚的感谢。感谢两位评审专家的建设性意见。

  • 参考文献

    • Artemieva I M. 2022. Antarctica ice sheet basal melting enhanced by high mantle heat. Earth-Science Reviews, 226: 103954.

    • Bahadori A, Holt W E. 2019. Geodynamic evolution of southwestern North America since the Late Eocene. Nature Communications, 10: 5213.

    • Bendick R, Flesch L. 2007. Reconciling lithospheric deformation and lower crustal flow beneath centralTibet. Geology, 35(10): 895.

    • Block L, Royden L H. 1990. Core complex geometries and regional scale flow in the lower crust. Tectonics, 9(4): 557~567.

    • Boyer S E, Elliott D. 1982. Thrust systems. AAPG Bulletin, 66: 1196~1230.

    • Brun J P. 1999. Narrow rifts versus wide rifts: Inferences for the mechanics of rifting from laboratory experiments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 357(1753): 695~712.

    • Brun J P, Sokoutis D. 2010. 45 m. y. of Aegean crust and mantle flow driven by trench retreat. Geology, 38(9): 815~818.

    • Brun J P, Sokoutis D, Tirel C, Gueydan F, Van Den Driessche J, Beslier M O. 2018. Crustal versus mantle core complexes. Tectonophysics, 746: 22~45.

    • Brune S, Heine C, Pérez-Gussinyé M, Sobolev S V. 2014. Rift migration explains continental margin asymmetry and crustal hyper-extension. Nature Communications, 5: 4014.

    • Buck W R. 1991. Modes of continental lithospheric extension. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 96(B12): 20161~20178.

    • Bürgmann R, Dresen G. 2008. Rheology of the lower crust and upper mantle: Evidence from rock mechanics, geodesy, and field observations. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 36: 531~567.

    • Charvet J, Lapierre H, Yu Yunwen. 1994. Geodynamic significance of the Mesozoic volcanism of southeastern China. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 9(4): 387~396.

    • Charvet J, Shu Liangshu, Faure M, Choulet F, Wang Bo, Lu Huafu, Le Breton N. 2010. Structural development of the Lower Paleozoic belt of South China: Genesis of an intracontinental orogen. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 39(4): 309~330.

    • Chen A. 1999. Mirror-image thrusting in the South China Orogenic Belt: Tectonic evidence from western Fujian, southeastern China. Tectonophysics, 305(4): 497~519.

    • Chen Chenghong, Lee Chiyu, Lu H Y, Hsieh P S. 2008. Generation of Late Cretaceous silicic rocks in SE China: Age, major element and numerical simulation constraints. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 31(4~6): 479~498.

    • Chen Jiangfeng, Jahn B M. 1998. Crustal evolution of southeastern China: Nd and Sr isotopic evidence. Tectonophysics, 284(1~2): 101~133.

    • Chen Jingyuan, Yang Jinhui, Zhang Jiheng, Sun Jinfeng, Wilde S A. 2013. Petrogenesis of the Cretaceous Zhangzhou batholith in southeastern China: Zircon U-Pb age and Sr-Nd-Hf-O isotopic evidence. Lithos, 162~163: 140~156.

    • Chen Jingyuan, Yang Jinhui, Zhang Jiheng. 2019. Multiple sources of Cretaceous granitoids in northeastern Fujian, coastal area of southeastern China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 182: 103939.

    • Chen Ling, Jiang Mingming, Yang Jinhui, Wei Zigen, Liu Chuanzhou, Ling Yuan . 2014. Presence of an intralithospheric discontinuity in the central and western North China Craton: Implications for destruction of the craton. Geology, 42(3): 223~226.

    • Christensen N I. 1996. Poisson's ratio and crustal seismology. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 101(B2): 3139~3156.

    • Chu Yang, Faure M, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Ji Wenbin. 2012a. Tectonics of the Middle Triassic intracontinental Xuefengshan Belt, South China: New insights from structural and chronological constraints on the basal décollement zone. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 101(8): 2125~2150.

    • Chu Yang, Lin Wei, Faure M, Wang Qingchen, Ji Wenbin. 2012b. Phanerozoic tectonothermal events of the Xuefengshan Belt, central South China: Implications from UPb age and LuHf determinations of granites. Lithos, 150: 243~255.

    • Chu Yang, Lin Wei, Faure M, Xue Zhenhua, Ji Wenbin, Feng Zhentian. 2019. Cretaceous episodic extension in the South China Block, East Asia: Evidence from the Yuechengling massif of central South China. Tectonics, 38(10): 3675~3702.

    • Collins W J. 2002. Nature of extensional accretionary orogens. Tectonics, 21(4): 1024.

    • Costa S, Rey P. 1995. Lower crustal rejuvenation and growth during post-thickening collapse: Insights from a crustal cross section through a Variscan metamorphic core complex. Geology, 23(10): 905.

    • Currie C A, Wang K, Hyndman R D, He Jiangheng. 2004. The thermal effects of steady-state slab-driven mantle flow above a subducting plate: The Cascadia subduction zone and backarc. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 223(1~2): 35~48.

    • Dahlstrom C D A. 1969. Balanced cross sections. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 6(4): 743~757.

    • DeCelles P G. 2004. Late Jurassic to Eocene evolution of the Cordilleran thrust belt and foreland basin system, western U. S. A. American Journal of Science, 304(2): 105~168.

    • DeCelles P G, Ducea M N, Kapp P, Zandt G. 2009. Cyclicity in Cordilleran orogenic systems. Nature Geoscience, 2: 251~257.

    • Deng Jinfu, Liu Houxiang, Zhao Hailing, Luo Zhaohua, Guo Zhengfu, Li Yuwen. 1996. Yanshanian igneous rocks and orogeny model in Yanshan-Liaoning area. Geoscience, 10 (2): 137~148(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Deng Jinfu, Su Shangguo, Zhao Hailing, Mo Xuanxue, Xiao Qinghui, Zhou Su, Liu Cui, Zhao Guochun. 2003. Deep processes of Mesozoic Yangshanian lithosphere thinning in North China. Earth Science Frontiers, 10(3): 41~50(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Deng Yangfan, Xu Yigang, Chen Yun. 2021. Formation mechanism of the North-South gravity lineament in eastern China. Tectonophysics, 818: 229074.

    • Dickinson W R. 2004. Evolution of the North American Cordillera. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 32: 13~45.

    • Doglioni C, Harabaglia P, Merlini S, Mongelli F, Peccerillo A, Piromallo C. 1999. Orogens and slabs vs. their direction of subduction. Earth-Science Reviews, 45(3~4): 167~208.

    • Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Chen Xuanhua, Long Changxing, Wang Tao, Yang Zhenning, Hu Jianmin. 2008. The formation and deformational characteristics of East Asia multi-direction convergent tectonic system in Late Jurassic. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 29(3): 306~317(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Long Changxing, Yang Zhenyu, Ji Qiang, Wang Tao, Hu Jianming, Chen Xuanhua. 2008. Jurassic tectonic revolution in China and new interpretation of the “Yanshan movement”. Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition, 82(2): 334~347.

    • Dong Shuwen, Gao Rui, Yin An, Guo Tonglou, Zhang Yueqiao, Hu Jianmin, Li Jianhua, Shi Wei, Li Qiusheng. 2013. What drove continued continent-continent convergence after ocean closure? Insights from high-resolution seismic-reflection profiling across the Daba Shan in central China. Geology, 41(6): 671~674.

    • Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Li Hailong, Shi Wei, Xue Huaimin, Li Jianhua, Huang Shiqi, Wang Yongchao. 2018. The Yanshan orogeny and late Mesozoic multi-plate convergence in East Asia—Commemorating 90th years of the “Yanshan Orogeny”. Science China Earth Sciences, 61(12): 1888~1909.

    • Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Cawood P A, Gao Rui, Zhang Yueqiao, Xin Yujia. 2020. Mantle influx compensates crustal thinning beneath the Cathaysia Block, South China: Evidence from SINOPROBE reflection profiling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 544: 116360.

    • Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Gao Rui, Cawood P A, Thybo H, Johnston S T, Jiao Liqing, Zhang Yueqiao, Wang Jinming. 2023. Intraplate lithospheric extension revealed by seismic reflection profiling of South China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 609: 118100.

    • Faure M, Marchadier Y, Rangin C. 1989. Pre-Eocene synmetamorphic structure in the Mindoro-Romblon-Palawan area, West Philippines, and implications for the history of Southeast Asia. Tectonics, 8(5): 963~979.

    • Faure M, Shu Liangshu, Wang Bo, Charvet J, Choulet F, Monie P. 2009. Intracontinental subduction: A possible mechanism for the Early Palaeozoic orogen of SE China. Terra Nova, 21(5): 360~368.

    • Fossen H, Gabrielsen R H, Faleide J I, Hurich C A. 2014. Crustal stretching in the Scandinavian Caledonides as revealed by deep seismic data. Geology, 42(9): 791~794.

    • Fountain D M, Salisbury M H, Percival J. 1990. Seismic structure of the continental crust based on rock velocity measurements from the Kapuskasing uplift. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 95(B2): 1167~1186.

    • Frederiksen S, Braun J. 2001. Numerical modelling of strain localisation during extension of the continental lithosphere. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 188(1~2): 241~251.

    • Gao Rui, Chen Chen, Wang Haiyan, Lu Zhanwu, Brown L, Dong Shuwen, Feng Shaoying, Li Qiusheng, Li Wenhui, Wen Zhongping, Li Feng. 2016. SINOPROBE deep reflection profile reveals a Neo-Proterozoic subduction zone beneath Sichuan basin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 454: 86~91.

    • Gao Shan, Rudnick R L, Carlson R W, McDonough W F, Liu Yongsheng. 2002. Re-Os evidence for replacement of ancient mantle lithosphere beneath the North China craton. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 198(3~4): 307~322.

    • Gao Shan, Zhang Benren, Jin Zhenming, Kern H, Zhao Zidan. 1998. How mafic is the lower continental crust? Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 161(1~4): 101~117.

    • Garzione C N, Hoke G D, Libarkin J C, Withers S, MacFadden B, Eiler J, Ghosh P, Mulch A. 2008. Rise of the Andes. Science, 320(5881): 1304~1307.

    • Geng Hongyan, Xu Xisheng, O'Reilly S Y, Zhao Ming, Sun Tao. 2006. Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive magmatism in western Guangdong and its geological significance. Science in China Series D, 49(7): 696~713.

    • Gerya T V, Burg J P. 2007. Intrusion of ultramafic magmatic bodies into the continental crust: Numerical simulation. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 160(2): 124~142.

    • Gilder S A, Keller G R, Luo Ming, Goodell P C. 1991. Eastern Asia and the Western Pacific timing and spatial distribution of rifting in China. Tectonophysics, 197(2~4): 225~243.

    • Gilder S A, Gill J, Coe R S, Zhao Xixi, Liu Zhongwei, Wang Genxian, Yuan Kuirong, Liu Wenlong, Kuang Guodun, Wu Haoruo. 1996. Isotopic and paleomagnetic constraints on the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of South China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 101: 16137~16154.

    • Göğüş O H. 2015. Rifting and subsidence following lithospheric removal in continental back arcs. Geology, 43(1): 3~6.

    • Gu Huangling, Yang Xiaoyong, Deng Jianghong, Duan Liuan, Liu Lei. 2017. Geochemical and zircon U-Pb geochronological study of the Yangshan A-type granite: Insights into the geological evolution in South Anhui, eastern Jiangnan Orogen. Lithos, 284~285: 156~170.

    • Guo Feng, Fan Weiming, Li Chaowen, Zhao Liang, Li Hongxia, Yang Jinhui. 2012. Multi-stage crust-mantle interaction in SE China: Temporal, thermal and compositional constraints from the Mesozoic felsic volcanic rocks in eastern Guangdong-Fujian Provinces. Lithos, 150: 62~84.

    • Guo Feng, Wu Yangming, Zhang Bo, Zhang Xiaobing, Zhao Liang, Liao Jie. 2021. Magmatic responses to Cretaceous subduction and tearing of the Paleo-Pacific Plate in SE China: An overview. Earth-Science Reviews, 212: 103448.

    • Guo Lianghui, Gao Rui, Shi Lei, Huang Zhangrong, Ma Yawei. 2019. Crustal thickness and Poisson's ratios of South China revealed from joint inversion of receiver function and gravity data. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 510: 142~152.

    • Gutscher M A, Maury R, Eissen J P, Bourdon E. 2000. Can slab melting be caused by flat subduction? Geology, 28(6): 535~538.

    • Hamilton W. 1987. Plate-tectonic evolution of the western U. S. A. Episodes, 10(4): 271~277.

    • Haschke M R, Scheuber E, Günther A, Reutter K J. 2002. Evolutionary cycles during the Andean orogeny: Repeated slab breakoff and flat subduction? Terra Nova, 14(1): 49~55.

    • He Chuansong, Dong Shuwen, Santosh M, Chen Xuanhua. 2013. Seismic evidence for a geosuture between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, South China. Scientific Reports, 3: 2200.

    • He Zhenyu, Xu Xisheng. 2012. Petrogenesis of the Late Yanshanian mantle-derived intrusions in southeastern China: Response to the geodynamics of Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Chemical Geology, 328: 208~221.

    • Hou Zengqian, Pan Xiaofei, Yang Zhiming, Qu Xiaoming. 2007. Porphyry Cu-(Mo-Au)deposits no related to oceanic-slab subduction: Examples from Chinese porphyry deposits in continental settings. Geoscience, 21(2): 332~351(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Hu Ruizhong, Bi Xianwu, Zhou Meifu, Peng Jiantang, Su Wenchao, Liu Shen, Qi Huawen. 2008. Uranium metallogenesis in South China and its relationship to crustal extension during the Cretaceous to tertiary. Economic Geology, 103(3): 583~598.

    • Huang Zhouchuan, Wang Pan, Zhao Dapeng, Wang Liangshu, Xu Mingjie. 2014. Three-dimensional P wave azimuthal anisotropy in the lithosphere beneath China. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 119(7): 5686~5712.

    • Huang Zhouchuan, Gou Tao, Wang Liangshu. 2021. P and S wave tomography of east-central China: Insight into past and present mantle dynamics. Tectonophysics, 809: 228859.

    • Huangfu Pengpeng, Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Li Zhonghai, Wang Yuming, Zhou Yongzhi. 2016. Numerical modeling of flat subduction: Constraints from the ocean-continent convergence velocity. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 40(3): 429~445(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Isozaki Y, Aoki K, Nakama T, Yanai S. 2010. New insight into a subduction-related orogen: A reappraisal of the geotectonic framework and evolution of the Japanese Islands. Gondwana Research, 18(1): 82~105.

    • Jadamec M A. 2016. Insights on slab-driven mantle flow from advances in three-dimensional modelling. Journal of Geodynamics, 100: 51~70.

    • Jahn B M. 1974. Mesozoic thermal events in southeast China. Nature, 248: 480~483.

    • Jahn B M, Chen P Y, Yen T P. 1976. Rb-Sr ages of granitic rocks in southeastern China and their tectonic significance. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 87(5): 763.

    • Jahn B M, Martineau F, Peucat J J, Cornichet J. 1986. Geochronology of the Tananao Schist complex, Taiwan, and its regional tectonic significance. Tectonophysics, 125: 103~124.

    • Ji Wenbin, Faure M, Lin Wei, Chen Yan, Chu Yang, Xue Zhenhua. 2018. Multiple emplacement and exhumation history of the late Mesozoic Dayunshan-Mufushan batholith in southeast China and its tectonic significance: 1. Structural analysis and geochronological constraints. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 123(1): 689~710.

    • Jia Dong, Wei Guoqi, Chen Zhuxin, Li Benliang, Zeng Qing, Yang Guang. 2006. Longmen Shan fold-thrust belt and its relation to the western Sichuan basin in central China: New insights from hydrocarbon exploration. AAPG Bulletin, 90(9): 1425~1447.

    • Jia Lihui, Mao Jingwen, Liu Peng, Yu Miao. 2020. Crust-mantle interaction during subduction zone processes: Insight from late Mesozoic I-type granites in eastern Guangdong, SE China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 192: 104284.

    • Jiang Xiaoyan, Deng Jianghong, Luo Jincheng, Zhang Lipeng, Luo Zebin, Yan Haibo, Sun Weidong. 2020. Petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous adakites in Tongguanshan Cu-Au polymetallic deposit, Tongling region, eastern China. Ore Geology Reviews, 126: 103717.

    • Jiang Xiaoyan, Li Xianhua. 2014. In situ zircon U-Pb and Hf-O isotopic results for Ca. 73 Ma granite in Hainan Island: Implications for the termination of an Andean-type active continental margin in southeast China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 82: 32~46.

    • Jiang Xiaoyan, Luo Jincheng, Guo Jia, Wu Kai, Zhang Zhekun, Sun Weidong, Xia Xiaoping. 2018. Geochemistry of I- and A-type granites of the Qingyang-Jiuhuashan complex, eastern China: Insights into Early Cretaceous multistage magmatism. Lithos, 316~317: 278~294.

    • Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Peng, Zhou Qing, Liao Shiyong, Jin Guodong. 2011. Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Early Cretaceous S- and A-type granites in the northwest of the Gan-Hang Rift, SE China. Lithos, 121(1~4): 55~73.

    • John B M, Zhou X H, Li J L. 1990. Formation and tectonic evolution ofsoutheastern China and Taiwan: Isotopic and geochemical constraints. Tectonophysics, 183: 145~160.

    • Jolivet L, Augier R, Faccenna C, Negro F, Rimmele G, Agard P, Robin C, Rossetti F, Crespo-Blanc A. 2008. Subduction, convergence and the mode of backarc extension in the Mediterranean region. Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France, 179(6): 525~550.

    • Jolivet L, Menant A, Clerc C, Sternai P, Bellahsen N, Leroy S, Pik R, Stab M, Faccenna C, Gorini C. 2018. Extensional crustal tectonics and crust-mantle coupling, a view from the geological record. Earth-Science Reviews, 185: 1187~1209.

    • Kaban M K, Mooney W D, Petrunin A G. 2015. Cratonic root beneath North America shifted by basal drag from the convecting mantle. Nature Geoscience, 8: 797~800.

    • Kerrich R, Goldfarb R, Groves D, Garwin S. 2000. The geodynamics of world-class gold deposits: Characteristics, space-time distribution, and origins. Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry, 13: 501~551.

    • Klemperer S L, Hauge T A, Hauser E C, Oliver J E, Potter C J. 1986. The Moho in the northern basin and range province, Nevada, along the COCORP 40°N seismic-reflection transect. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 97(5): 603.

    • Klemperer S L. 1988. Crustal thinning and nature of extension in the northern North Sea from deep seismic reflection profiling. Tectonics, 7(4): 803~821.

    • Lapierre H, Jahn B M, Charvet J, Yu Y W. 1997. Mesozoic felsic arc magmatism and continental olivine tholeiites in Zhejiang Province and their relationship with the tectonic activity in southeastern China. Tectonophysics, 274(4): 321~338.

    • Li He, Ling Mingxing, Li Congying, Zhang Hong, Ding Xing, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Li Yiliang, Sun Weidong. 2012. A-type granite belts of two chemical subgroups in central eastern China: Indication of ridge subduction. Lithos, 150: 26~36.

    • Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Johnston S T. 2014. Cretaceous tectonic evolution of South China: A preliminary synthesis. Earth-Science Reviews, 134: 98~136.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Yin An, Zhang Yueqiao, Shi Wei. 2015. Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Daba Shan thrust belt in the southern Qinling Orogen, central China: Constraints from surface geology and reflection seismology. Tectonics, 34(8): 1545~1575.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Cui Jianjun, Xin Yujia. 2016. New insights into Phanerozoic tectonics of South China: Part 1, polyphase deformation in the Jiuling and Lianyunshan domains of the central Jiangnan Orogen. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 121(4): 3048~3080.

    • Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Dong Shuwen, Koppers A, Miggins D P, Sun Hanshen, Wang Wenbao, Xin Yujia. 2017. New insights into Phanerozoic tectonics of South China: Early Paleozoic sinistral and Triassic dextral transpression in the East Wuyishan and Chencai domains, NE Cathaysia. Tectonics, 36(5): 819~853.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Cawood P A, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Zhang Yueqiao, Xin Yujia. 2018. An Andean-type retro-arc foreland system beneath northwest South China revealed by SINOPROBE profiling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 490: 170~179.

    • Li Jianhua, Cawood P A, Ratschbacher L, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Xin Yujia, Yang Hang, Zhang Peixing. 2020. Building Southeast China in the late Mesozoic: Insights from alternating episodes of shortening and extension along the Lianhuashan fault zone. Earth-Science Reviews, 201: 103056.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Gao Rui, Cawood P A, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Li Qiusheng, Xin Yujia, Wang Jinming, Lü Fang. 2022. The thinnest crust in South China associated with the Cretaceous lithospheric extension: Evidence from SINOPROBE seismic reflection profiling. Tectonics, 41(8): e2022TC007240.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Cawood P A, Thybo H, Clift P D, Johnston S T, Zhao Guochun, Zhang Yueqiao. 2023. Cretaceous long-distance lithospheric extension and surface response in South China. Earth-Science Reviews, 243: 104496.

    • Li Sanzhong, Zhang Yong, Guo Lingli, Suo Yanhui, Cao Huahua, Li Xiyao, Zhou Zaizheng. 2017. Mesozoic deformation and accretionary orogenic processes around the Nadanhada Terrane. Earth Science Frontiers, 24(4): 200~212(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Sanzhong, Suo Yanhui, Li Xiyao, Wang Yongming, Cao Xianzhi, Wang Pengcheng, Guo Lingli, Yu Shengyao, Lan Haoyuan, Li Shaojun, Zhao Shujuan, Zhou Zaizheng, Zhang Zhen, Zhang Guowei. 2018. Mesozoic plate subduction in West Pacific and tectono-magmatic response in the East Asian ocean-continent connection zone. Chinese Science Bulletin, 63 (16): 1550~1593(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Xianhua. 2000. Cretaceous magmatism and lithospheric extension in Southeast China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 18(3): 293~305.

    • Li Xianhua. 2021. The major driving force triggering breakup of supercontinent: Mantle plumes or deep subduction?Acta Geologica Sinica, 95(1): 20~31(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Xianhua, Chen Zhigang, Liu Dunyi, Li Wuxian. 2003. Jurassic gabbro-granite-syenite suites from southern Jiangxi Province, SE China: Age, origin, and tectonic significance. International Geology Review, 45(10): 898~921.

    • Li Xianhua, Chung Sunlin, Zhou Hanwen, Lo Chinghua, Liu Ying, Chen Changhwa. 2004. Jurassic intraplate magmatism in southern Hunan-eastern Guangxi: 40Ar/39Ar dating, geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotopes and implications for the tectonic evolution of SE China. Geological Society of London Special Publications, 226(1): 193~215.

    • Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Li Zhengxiang, Lo Chinghua, Wang Jian, Ye Meifang, Yang Yueheng. 2009. Amalgamation between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China: Constraints from SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages, geochemistry and Nd-Hf isotopes of the Shuangxiwu volcanic rocks. Precambrian Research, 174(1~2): 117~128.

    • Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Wang Xuance, Li Qiuli, Liu Yu, Tang Guoqiang, Gao Yuya, Wu Fuyuan. 2010. SIMS U-Pb zircon geochronology of porphyry Cu-Au-(Mo) deposits in the Yangtze River metallogenic belt, eastern China: Magmatic response to Early Cretaceous lithospheric extension. Lithos, 119(3~4): 427~438.

    • Li Zhen, Qiu Jiansheng, Yang Xuemei. 2014. A review of the geochronology and geochemistry of Late Yanshanian (Cretaceous) plutons along the Fujian coastal area of southeastern China: Implications for magma evolution related to slab break-off and rollback in the Cretaceous. Earth-Science Reviews, 128: 232~248.

    • Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua. 2007. Formation of the 1300-km-wide intracontinental orogen and postorogenic magmatic province in Mesozoic South China: A flat-slab subduction model. Geology, 35(2): 179.

    • Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua, Wartho J A, Clark C, Li Wuxian, Zhang Chuanlin, Bao Chaomin. 2010. Magmatic and metamorphic events during the Early Paleozoic Wuyi-Yunkai orogeny, southeastern South China: New age constraints and pressure-temperature conditions. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 122(5~6): 772~793.

    • Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua, Chung Sunlin, Lo Chinghua, Xu Xisheng, Li Wuxian. 2012. Magmatic switch-on and switch-off along the South China continental margin since the Permian: Transition from an Andean-type to a Western Pacific-type plate boundary. Tectonophysics, 532~535: 271~290.

    • Lin Shoufa, Xing Guangfu, Davis D W, Yin Changqing, Wu Meiling, Li Longming, Jiang Yang, Chen Zhihong. 2018. Appalachian-style multi-terrane Wilson cycle model for the assembly of South China. Geology, 46(4): 319~322.

    • Lin Wei, Faure M, Monié P, Schärer U, Zhang Liangsheng, Sun Yan. 2000. Tectonics of SE China: New insights from the Lushan massif (Jiangxi Province). Tectonics, 19(5): 852~871.

    • Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Chen Ke. 2008. Phanerozoic tectonics of South China Block: New insights from the polyphase deformation in the Yunkai massif. Tectonics, 27(6): TC6004.

    • Ling Mingxing, Wang Fangyue, Ding Xing, Hu Yanhua. 2009. Cretaceous ridge subduction along the Lower Yangtze River belt, eastern China. Economic Geology, 104(2): 303~321.

    • Lister G S, Davis G A. 1989. The origin of metamorphic core complexes and detachment faults formed during Tertiary continental extension in the northern Colorado River region, U. S. A. Journal of Structural Geology, 11(1~2): 65~94.

    • Liu Lei, Xu Xisheng, Xia Yan. 2016. Asynchronizing paleo-Pacific slab rollback beneath SE China: Insights from the episodic Late Mesozoic volcanism. Gondwana Research, 37: 397~407.

    • Liu Lijun, Peng Diandian, Liu Liang, Chen Ling, Li Sanzhong, Wang Yaoyi, Cao Zebin, Feng Mingye. 2021. East Asian lithospheric evolution dictated by multistage Mesozoic flat-slab subduction. Earth Science Reviews, 217: 103621.

    • Liu Shaofeng, Qian Tao, Li Wangpeng, Dou Guoxing, Wu Peng. 2015. Oblique closure of the northeastern Paleo-Tethys in central China. Tectonics, 34(3): 413~434.

    • Liu Xuan, Fan Hongrui, Santosh M, Hu Fangfang, Yang Kuifeng, Li Qiuli, Yang Yueheng, Liu Yongsheng. 2012. Remelting of Neoproterozoic relict volcanic arcs in the Middle Jurassic: Implication for the formation of the Dexing porphyry copper deposit, southeastern China. Lithos, 150: 85~100.

    • Lu Fengxiang, Zheng Jianping, Li Wuping, Chen Meihua, Cheng Zhongmei. 2000. The main evolution pattern of Phanerozoic mantle in the eastern China: The “Mushroom Cloud” model. Earth Science Frontiers, 7(1): 97~108 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Magni V. 2019. The effects of back-arc spreading on arc magmatism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 519: 141~151.

    • Mao Jingwen, Xie Guiqing, Li Xiaofeng, Zhang Changqing, Mei Yanxiong. 2004. Mesozoic large scale mineralization and multiple lithospheric extension in South China. Earth Science Frontiers, 11(1): 45~55(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Mao Jingwen, Xie Guiqing, Guo Chunli, Yuan Shunda, Cheng Yanbo, Chen Yuchuan. 2008. Spatial-temporal distribution of Mesozoic ore deposits in South China and their metallogenic settings. Geological Journal of China Universities, 14(4): 510~526(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Mao Jingwen, Zhang Jiandong, Pirajno F, Ishiyama D, Su Huimin, Guo Chunli, Chen Yuchuan. 2011. Porphyry Cu-Au-Mo-epithermal Ag-Pb-Zn-distal hydrothermal Au deposits in the Dexing area, Jiangxi Province, East China—A linked ore system. Ore Geology Reviews, 43(1): 203~216.

    • Mao Jingwen, Cheng Yanbo, Chen Maohong, Pirajno F. 2013. Major types and time-space distribution of Mesozoic ore deposits in South China and their geodynamic settings. Mineralium Deposita, 48(3): 267~294.

    • Meng Lifeng, Li Zhengxiang, Chen Hanlin, Li Xianhua, Wang Xuance. 2012. Geochronological and geochemical results from Mesozoic basalts in southern South China Block support the flat-slab subduction model. Lithos, 132~133: 127~140.

    • Meyer C, Schellart W P. 2013. Three-dimensional dynamic models of subducting plate-overriding plate-upper mantle interaction. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 118(2): 775~790.

    • Molnar P, Tapponnier P. 1975. Cenozoic Tectonics of Asia: Effects of a continental collision: Features of recent continental tectonics in Asia can be interpreted as results of the India-Eurasia collision. Science, 189(4201): 419~426.

    • Naviset S, Morley C K, Naghadeh D H, Ghosh J. 2017. Sill emplacement during rifting and inversion from three-dimensional seismic and well data, Phitsanulok basin, Thailand. Geosphere, 13(6): 2017~2040.

    • Nelson K D. 1992. Are crustal thickness variations in old mountain belts like the Appalachians a consequence of lithospheric delamination? Geology, 20(6): 498~502.

    • Percival J A, Green A G, Milkereit B, Cook F A, Geis W, West G F. 1989. Seismic reflection profiles across deep continental crust exposed in the Kapuskasing uplift structure. Nature, 342: 416~420.

    • Qi Youqiang, Hu Ruizhong, Liu Shen, Coulson I M, Qi Huawen, Tian Jianji, Feng Caixia, Wang Tao. 2012. Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of Mesozoic mafic dikes from the Gan-Hang tectonic belt, South China: Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance. International Geology Review, 54(8): 920~939.

    • Qi Youqiang, Hu Ruizhong, Liu Shen, Coulson I M, Qi Huawen, Tian Jianji, Zhu Jingjing. 2016. Petrogenesis and geodynamic setting of Early Cretaceous mafic-ultramafic intrusions, South China: A case study from the Gan-Hang tectonic belt. Lithos, 258~259: 149~162.

    • Qian Jiahui, Yin Changqing, Zhang Jian, Jin Xin. 2021. Early Paleozoic high-temperature metamorphism of garnet amphibolite in the Longyou area, Cathaysia Block of South China: P-T path and tectonic implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 213: 104744.

    • Qiu Liang, Yan Danping, Yang Wenxin, Wang Jibin, Tang Xiangli, Ariser S. 2017. Early to Middle Triassic sedimentary records in the Youjiang Basin, South China: Implications for Indosinian orogenesis. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 141: 125~139.

    • Qiu Liang, Kong Ruoyan, Yan Danping, Mu Hongxu, Sun Weihua, Sun Shouheng, Han Yangguang, Li Chengming, Zhang Liangliang, Cao Fude, Ariser S. 2022a. Paleo-Pacific plate subduction on the eastern Asian margin: Insights from the Jurassic foreland system of the overriding plate. GSA Bulletin, 134(9~10): 2305~2320.

    • Qiu Liang, Li Xue, Li Xiaowei, Yan Danping, Ren Minghua, Zhang Liangliang, Cheng Guangsuo. 2022b. Petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous intermediate to felsic rocks in Shanghai, South China: Magmatic response to Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Tectonophysics, 838: 229469.

    • Qiu Yumin M, Gao Shan, McNaughton N J, Groves D I, Ling Wenli. 2000. First evidence of >3. 2 Ga continental crust in the Yangtze craton of South China and its implications for Archean crustal evolution and Phanerozoic tectonics. Geology, 28(1): 11~14.

    • Rapp R P, Watson E B. 1995. Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling. Journal of Petrology, 36(4): 891~931.

    • Ren Jishun. 1990. On the geotectonics of southern China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 4: 275~288(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Rey P. 1993. Seismic and tectono-metamorphic characters of the lower continental crust in Phanerozoic areas: A consequence of post-thickening extension. Tectonics, 12(2): 580~590.

    • Rosenberg C L, Handy M R. 2005. Experimental deformation of partially melted granite revisited: Implications for the continental crust. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 23(1): 19~28.

    • Schellart W P. 2020. Control of subduction zone age and size on flat slab subduction. Frontiers in Earth Science, 8: 26.

    • Schellart W P, Moresi L. 2013. A new driving mechanism for backarc extension and backarc shortening through slab sinking induced toroidal and poloidal mantle flow: Results from dynamic subduction models with an overriding plate. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 118(6): 3221~3248.

    • Shen Weisen, Wiens D A, Stern T, Anandakrishnan S, Aster R C, Dalziel I, Hansen S, Heeszel D S, Huerta A, Nyblade A, Wilson T J, Winberry J P. 2018. Seismic evidence for lithospheric foundering beneath the southern Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. Geology, 46(1): 71~74.

    • Shi Wei, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Hu Jianmin, Wiesinger M, Ratschbacher L, Jonckheere R, Li Jianhua, Tian Mi, Chen Hong, Wu Guoli, Ma Licheng, Li Hailong. 2012. Intra-continental Dabashan orocline, southwestern Qinling, central China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 46: 20~38.

    • Shu Liangshu, Deng Ping, Wang Bin, Tan Zhengzhong, Yu Xinqi, Sun Yan. 2004. Lithology, kinematics and geochronology related to Late Mesozoic basin-mountain evolution in the Nanxiong-Zhuguang area, South China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 47(8): 673~688.

    • Shu Liangshu, Faure M, Wang Bo, Zhou Xinmin, Song Biao. 2008. Late Palaeozoic-Early Mesozoic geological features of South China: Response to the Indosinian collision events in Southeast Asia. Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 340(2~3): 151~165.

    • Shu Liangshu, Jahn B M, Charvet J, Santosh M, Wang Bo, Xu X S, Jiang S Y. 2014. Early Paleozoic depositional environment and intraplate tectono-magmatism in the Cathaysia Block (South China): Evidence from stratigraphic, structural, geochemical and geochronological investigations. American Journal of Science, 314(1): 154~186.

    • Shu Liangshu, Wang Bo, Cawood P A, Santosh M, Xu Zhiqin. 2015. Early Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic intraplate tectonic and magmatic events in the Cathaysia Block, South China. Tectonics, 34(8): 1600~1621.

    • Shu Liangshu, Yao Jinlong, Wang Bo, Faure M, Charvet J, Chen Yan. 2021. Neoproterozoic plate tectonic process and Phanerozoic geodynamic evolution of the South China Block. Earth-Science Reviews, 216: 103596.

    • Shu Liangshu, Zhou Xinmin, Deng P, Wang Bo, Jiang S Y, Yu J H, Zhao X X. 2009. Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Southeast China Block: New insights from basin analysis. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 34(3): 376~391.

    • Sillitoe R H. 1972. A plate tectonic model for the origin of porphyry copper deposits. Economic Geology, 67(2): 184~197.

    • Song Zhigang, Han Zuozhen, Gao Lihua, Geng Hongyan, Li Xuping, Meng Fanxue, Han Mei, Zhong Wenjian, Li Jingjing, Du Qingxiang, Yan Junlei, Liu Hui. 2018. Permo-Triassic evolution of the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt revisited: Insights from Late Permian igneous suite in the Daheishan Horst, NE China. Gondwana Research, 56: 23~50.

    • Sternai P, Jolivet L, Menant A, Gerya T. 2014. Driving the upper plate surface deformation by slab rollback and mantle flow. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 405: 110~118.

    • Su Haiyan, Yang Yang, Wang Chengcheng, Liu Yican, Groppo C, Rolfo F. 2021. Petrogenesis and tectonic significance of Neoarchean (~2. 6 Ga) alkaline ultrapotassic granitic gneisses from the southeastern marginof the North China Craton: Constraints from U-Pb dating, Hf isotope and petrogeochemistry. Lithos, 398~399: 106324.

    • Sun Weidong, Ding Xing, Hu Yanhua, Li Xianhua. 2007. The golden transformation of the Cretaceous plate subduction in the West Pacific. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 262(3~4): 533~542.

    • Sun Weidong, Ling Mingxing, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Ding Xing, Liang Huaying. 2010. Ridge subduction and porphyry copper-gold mineralization: An overview. Science China Earth Sciences, 53(4): 475~484.

    • Sun Weidong, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Wu Fuyuan. 2012. Mesozoic large scale magmatism and mineralization in South China: Preface. Lithos, 150: 1~5.

    • Suo Yanhui, Li Sanzhong, Jin Chong, Zhang Yong, Zhou Jie, Li Xiyao, Wang Pengcheng, Liu Ze, Wang Xinyu, Somerville I. 2019. Eastward tectonic migration and transition of the Jurassic-Cretaceous Andean-type continental margin along Southeast China. Earth-Science Reviews, 196: 102884.

    • Tao Lu, Pan Fabin, Liu Rong, Jin Chong, Jia Baojian, He Xiaobo. 2020. Petrogenesis of the Cretaceous granitoids in Zhejiang, northeast South China Block and their implications for episodic retreat and roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. GSA Bulletin, 132(7~8): 1514~1536.

    • Tapponnier P, Peltzer G, Le Dain A Y, Armijo R, Cobbold P. 1982. Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with plasticine. Geology, 10(12): 611.

    • Thybo H, Youssof M, Artemieva I M. 2019. Southern Africa crustal anisotropy reveals coupled crust-mantle evolution for over 2 billion years. Nature Communications, 10: 5445.

    • Tong W X, Tobisch O T. 1996. Deformation of granitoid plutons in the Dongshan area, southeast China: Constraints on the physical conditions and timing of movement along the Changle-Nanao shear zone. Tectonophysics, 267(1~4): 303~316.

    • Uyeda S, Kanamori H. 1979. Back-arc opening and the mode of subduction. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 84(B3): 1049~1061.

    • Wang Dezi, Shu Liangshu. 2012. Late Mesozoic basin and range tectonics and related magmatism in Southeast China. Geoscience Frontiers, 3(2): 109~124.

    • Wang Jian, Li Zheng-Xiang. 2003. History of Neoproterozoic rift basins in South China: Implications for Rodinia break-up. Precambrian Research, 122(1~4): 141~158.

    • Wang Lijun, Zhang Kexin, Lin Shoufa, He Weihong, Yin Leiming. 2022. Origin and age of the Shenshan tectonic mélange in the Jiangshan-Shaoxing-Pingxiang fault and late Early Paleozoic juxtaposition of the Yangtze block and the West Cathaysia terrane, South China. GSA Bulletin, 134(1~2): 113~129.

    • Wang Lijun, Lin Shoufa, Xiao Wenjiao. 2023. Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks of South China: Their separate positions in Gondwana until Early Paleozoic juxtaposition. Geology, 51(8): 723~727.

    • Wang Menghao, Qian Xin, Wang Weitao, Gan Chengshi, Zhang Yipeng, Liu Kang, Jin Ruizhi. 2023. Ar-Ar ages and geochemistry of Late Cretaceous basalts in the Nanxiong basin, SE China: Constraints on the subduction and rollback of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 253: 105732.

    • Wang Qiang, Xu Jifeng, Jian Ping, Bao Zhiwei, Zhao Zhenhuan, Li Chaofeng, Xiong Xiaolin, Ma Jinlong. 2006. Petrogenesis of adakitic porphyries in an extensional tectonic setting, Dexing, South China: Implications for the genesis of porphyry copper mineralization. Journal of Petrology, 47(1): 119~144.

    • Wang Sinuo, Yan Jun. 2021. Coexisting Early Cretaceous arc-type and OIB-type mafic magmatic rocks in the eastern Jiangnan Orogen, South China Block: Implications for paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Lithos, 400~401: 106421.

    • Wang Xiaolei, Zhou Jincheng, Griffin W L, Wang Rucheng, Qiu Jiansheng, O'Reilly S Y, Xu Xisheng, Liu Xiaoming, Zhang Guilin. 2007. Detrital zircon geochronology of Precambrian basement sequences in the Jiangnan orogen: Dating the assembly of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. Precambrian Research, 159(1~2): 117~131.

    • Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Guo Feng, Peng Touping, Li Chaowen. 2003. Geochemistry of Mesozoic mafic rocks adjacent to the Chenzhou-Linwu fault, South China: Implications for the lithospheric boundary between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. International Geology Review, 45(3): 263~286.

    • Wang Yuejun, Zhang Yanhua, Fan Weiming, Peng Touping. 2005. Structural signatures and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Indosinian Xuefengshan tectonic belt, South China Block. Journal of Structural Geology, 27(6): 985~998.

    • Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Cawood P A, Ji Shaocheng, Peng Touping, Chen Xinyue. 2007a. Indosinian high-strain deformation for the Yunkaidashan tectonic belt, South China: Kinematics and 40Ar-39Ar geochronological constraints. Tectonics, 26(6): TC6008.

    • Wang Yuejun, Zhang Aimei, Fan Weiming, Zhao Guochun, Zhang Guowei, Zhang Yuzhi, Zhang Feifei, Li Sanzhong. 2011. Kwangsian crustal anatexis within the eastern South China Block: Geochemical, zircon U-Pb geochronological and Hf isotopic fingerprints from the gneissoid granites of Wugong and Wuyi-Yunkaidomains. Lithos, 127(1~2): 239~260.

    • Wang Yuejun, Wu Chunming, Zhang Aimei, Fan Weiming, Zhang Yanhua, Zhang Yuzhi, Peng Touping, Yin Changqin. 2012. Kwangsian and Indosinian reworking of the eastern South China Block: Constraints on zircon U-Pb geochronology and metamorphism of amphibolites and granulites. Lithos, 150: 227~242.

    • Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Zhang Guowei, Zhang Yanhua. 2013. Phanerozoic tectonics of the South China Block: Key observations and controversies. Gondwana Research, 23(4): 1273~1305.

    • Wang Yuejun, Zhang Yuzhi, Fan Weiming, Geng Hongyan, Zou Heping, Bi Xianwu. 2014. Early Neoproterozoic accretionary assemblage in the Cathaysia Block: Geochronological, Lu-Hf isotopic and geochemical evidence from granitoid gneisses. Precambrian Research, 249: 144~161.

    • Wang Zhihong, Lu Huafu. 2000. Ductile deformation and 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Changle-Nanao ductile shear zone, southeastern China. Journal of Structural Geology, 22(5): 561~570.

    • Warner M, McGeary S. 1987. Seismic reflection coefficients from mantle fault zones. Geophysical Journal International, 89(1): 223~230.

    • Wei Wei, Faure M, Chen Yan, Ji Wenbin, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Yan Quanren, Hou Quanlin. 2015. Back-thrusting response of continental collision: Early Cretaceous NW-directed thrusting in the Changle-Nan'ao belt (Southeast China). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 100: 98~114.

    • Wei Wei, Chen Yan, Faure M, Martelet G, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Yan Quanren, Hou Quanlin. 2016. Anearly extensional event of the South China Block during the Late Mesozoic recorded by the emplacement of the Late Jurassic syntectonic Hengshan Composite Granitic Massif (Hunan, SE China). Tectonophysics, 672~673: 50~67.

    • Wei Wei, Lin Wei, Chen Yan, Faure M, Ji Wenbin, Hou Quanlin, Yan Quanren, Wang Qingchen. 2023. Tectonic controls on magmatic tempo in an active continental margin: Insights from the Early Cretaceous syn-tectonic magmatism in the Changle-Nan'ao belt, South China. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 128(2): e2022JB025973.

    • Wernicke B. 1981. Low-angle normal faults in the basin and range province: Nappe tectonics in an extending orogen. Nature, 291: 645~648.

    • Wernicke B. 1995. Low-angle normal faults and seismicity: A review. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 100(B10): 20159~20174.

    • Whitney D L, Teyssier C, Rey P, Buck W R. 2013. Continental and oceanic core complexes. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 125(3~4): 273~298.

    • Wong Jean, Sun Min, Xing Guangfu, Li Xianhua, Zhao Guochun, Wong K, Yuan Chao, Xia Xiaoping, Li Longming, Wu Fuyuan. 2009. Geochemical and zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of the Baijuhuajian metaluminous A-type granite: Extension at 125~100 Ma and its tectonic significance for South China. Lithos, 112(3~4): 289~305.

    • Wong Jean, Sun Min, Xing Guangfu, Li Xianhua, Zhao Guochun, Wong K, Wu Fuyuan. 2011. Zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of Mesozoic felsic rocks from eastern Zhejiang, South China: Geochemical contrast between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. Gondwana Research, 19(1): 244~259.

    • Wu Fuyuan, Sun Deyou. 1999. The Mesozoic magmatism and lithospheric thinning in eastern China. Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology, (4): 313~318(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Wu Fuyuan, Sun Deyou, Zhang Guangliang, Ren Xiangwen. 2000. Deep geodynamics of Yanshain movement. Geological Journal of China Universities, 6(3): 379~388(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Wu Fuyuan, Ge Wenchun, Sun Deyou, Guo Chunli. 2003. Discussions on the Lithospheric Thinning in Eastern China. Earth Science Frontiers, 10(3): 51~57(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xiao Wenjiao, He Haiqing. 2005. Early Mesozoic thrust tectonics of the northwest Zhejiang region (Southeast China). Geological Society of America Bulletin, 117(7): 945.

    • Xie Jiancheng, Yang Xiaoyong, Sun Weidong, Du Jianguo. 2012. Early Cretaceous dioritic rocks in the Tongling region, eastern China: Implications for the tectonic settings. Lithos, 150: 49~61.

    • Xin Yujia, Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen. 2023. Episodic magmatism in the Lianhuashan tectonic belt: Implications for late Mesozoic crustal reworking in SE South China. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 135(11~12): 3043~3065.

    • Xing Guangfu, Zheng Jianbo, Shen Jialin, Jiang Maoqiu, Qian Maiping, Jiang Yang, Jin Guodong, Duan Zheng. 2013. Red beds of Danxia landform in the Taining geopark, Fujian Province. Journal of Stratigraphy, 37(1): 18~24(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xu Changhai, Zhang Lu, Shi Hesheng, Brix M R, Huhma H, Chen Lihui, Zhang Minqiang, Zhou Zuyi. 2017. Tracing an Early Jurassic magmatic arc from South to East China Seas. Tectonics, 36(3): 466~492.

    • Xu Xianbing. 2011. Research on Phanerozoic Structural Deformation and Geochronology in Wuyishan area, South China. Doctoral dissertation of Nanjing University (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xu Xianbing. 2023. Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic tectonic evolution of the South China Block: Geodynamic transition from the Paleo-Tethys to the Paleo-Pacific regimes. Earth-Science Reviews, 241: 104404.

    • Xu Xianbing, Zhang Yueqiao, Shu Liangshu, Jia Dong. 2011. La-ICP-MS U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the sheared metamorphic rocks in the Wuyishan: Constraints on the timing of Early Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic tectono-thermal events in SE China. Tectonophysics, 501(1~4): 71~86.

    • Xu Xisheng, O'Reilly S Y, Griffin W L, Zhou Xinmin. 2000. Genesis of young lithospheric mantle in southeastern China: An LAM-ICPMS trace element study. Journal of Petrology, 41(1): 111~148.

    • Xu Xisheng, Xie Xin. 2005. Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic basaltic rocks and crust-mantle interaction, SE China. Geological Journal of China Universities, (3): 318~334(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xu Xisheng, Zhao Kai, He Zhenyu, Liu Lei, Hong Wentao. 2021. Cretaceous volcanic-plutonic magmatism in SE China and a genetic model. Lithos, 402~403: 105728.

    • Xu Yajun, Cawood P A, Du Yuansheng, Hu Lisha, Yu Wenchao, Zhu Yanhui, Li Wenchao. 2013. Linking South China to northern Australia and India on the margin of Gondwana: Constraints from detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes in Cambrian strata. Tectonics, 32(6): 1547~1558.

    • Xu Yajun, Cawood P A, Du Yuansheng. 2016. Intraplate orogenesis in response to Gondwana assembly: Kwangsian Orogeny, South China. American Journal of Science, 316(4): 329~362.

    • Xu Yigang. 1999. Roles of thermo mechanic and chemical erosion in continental lithospheric thinning. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, (1): 3~7.

    • Yan Danping, Zhou Meifu, Song Honglin, Wang Xinwen, Malpas J. 2003. Origin and tectonic significance of a Mesozoic multi-layer over-thrust system within the Yangtze block (South China). Tectonophysics, 361(3~4): 239~254.

    • Yan Danping, Zhang Bing, Zhou Meifu, Wei Guoqing, Song Honglin, Liu Shaofeng. 2009. Constraints on the depth, geometry and kinematics of blind detachment faults provided by fault-propagation folds: An example from the Mesozoic fold belt of South China. Journal of Structural Geology, 31(2): 150~162.

    • Yan Lili, He Zhenyu, Jahn B M, Zhao Zhidan. 2016. Formation of the Yandangshan volcanic-plutonic complex (SE China) by melt extraction and crystal accumulation. Lithos, 266~267: 287~308.

    • Yan Lili, He Zhenyu, Beier C, Klemd R. 2018. Zircon trace element constrains on the link between volcanism and plutonism in SE China. Lithos, 320~321: 28~34.

    • Yan Qinghe, Li Shasha, Qiu Zengwang, Wang He, Wei Xiaopeng, Dong Rui, Zhang Xiaoyu. 2017. Geochronology, geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf-S-Pb isotopes of the Early Cretaceous Taoxihu Sn deposit and related granitoids, SE China. Ore Geology Reviews, 89: 350~368.

    • Yan Qinghe, Wang He, Wu Yangming, Chi Guoxiang. 2021. Simultaneous development of arc-like and OIB-like mafic dikes in eastern Guangdong, SE China: Implications for Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous tectonic setting and deep geodynamic processes of South China. Lithos, 388~389: 106021.

    • Yang Dongsheng, Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Liang Xinquan, Long Wenguo, Xiong Xiaolin. 2010. U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology of the Baiyunshan gneiss (central Guangdong, South China): Constraints onthe timing of early Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tectonothermal events in the Wuyun (Wuyi-Yunkai) Orogen. Geological Magazine, 147(4): 481~496.

    • Yang Fan. 2018. Research on tectonic process and formation age of the detachment fault of the Lushan metamorphic core complex. Doctoral dissertation of Hefei University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yang Jinbao, Zhao Zhidan, Hou Qingye, Niu Yaoling, Mo Xuanxue, Sheng Dan, Wang Lili. 2018. Petrogenesis of Cretaceous (133-84 Ma) intermediate dykes and host granites in southeastern China: Implications for lithospheric extension, continental crustal growth, and geodynamics of Palaeo-Pacific subduction. Lithos, 296~299: 195~211.

    • Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Kuidong, Fan Honghai. 2010. Zircon U-Pb geochronology, Hf isotopic composition and geological implications of the rhyodacite and rhyodacitic porphyry in the Xiangshan uranium ore field, Jiangxi Province, China. Science China Earth Sciences, 53(10): 1411~1426.

    • Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Kuidong, Fan Honghai. 2011. Geochemical, zircon U-Pb dating and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic constraints on the age and petrogenesis of an Early Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive complex at Xiangshan, Southeast China. Mineralogy and Petrology, 101(1): 21~48.

    • Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Zhao Kuidong, Jiang Yaohui, Ling Hongfei, Luo Li. 2012. Geochronology, geochemistry and tectonic significance of two Early Cretaceous A-type granites in the Gan-Hang Belt, Southeast China. Lithos, 150: 155~170.

    • Yang Wei, Zhang Hongfu. 2012. Zircon geochronology and Hf isotopic composition of Mesozoic magmatic rocks from Chizhou, the Lower Yangtze Region: Constraints on their relationship with Cu-Au mineralization. Lithos, 150: 37~48.

    • Yao Jinlong, Cawood P A, Shu Liangshu, Zhao Guochun. 2019. Jiangnan orogen, South China: A ~970-820 Ma Rodinia margin accretionary belt. Earth-Science Reviews, 196: 102872.

    • Yin An, Harrison T M. 2000. Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 28: 211~280.

    • Yu Jinhai, Zhou Xinmin, Reilly, Y S O, Zhao Lei, Griffin, W L, Wang Rucheng, Wang Lijuan, Chen Xiaoming. 2005. Formation age and Sedimentary rocks of basement granulite facies metamorphic rocks in Eastern Nanling: U-Pb-Hf isotope research of zircon. Chinese Science Bulletin, 50: 1758~1767(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yu Jinhai, Wang Lijuan, O'Reilly S Y, Griffin W L, Zhang Ming, Li Chunzhong, Shu Liangshu. 2009. A Paleoproterozoic orogeny recorded in a long-lived cratonic remnant (Wuyishan terrane), eastern Cathaysia Block, China. Precambrian Research, 174(3~4): 347~363.

    • Yu Jinhai, O'Reilly S Y, Zhou Meifu, Griffin W L, Wang Lijuan. 2012. U-Pb geochronology and Hf-Nd isotopic geochemistry of the Badu complex, southeastern China: Implications for the Precambrian crustal evolution and paleogeography of the Cathaysia Block. Precambrian Research, 222~223: 424~449.

    • Yu Jinhai, Lou Fasheng, Wang Lijuan, Shen Linwei, Zhou Xueyao, Zhang Chunhui, Huang Zhizhong. 2014. The geological significance of a Paleozoic mafic granulite found in the Yiyang area of northeastern Jiangxi Province. Chinese Science Bulletin, 35: 3508~3516(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Guowei, Guo Anlin, Wang Yuejun, Li Sanzhong, Dong Yunpeng, Liu Shaofeng, He Dengfa, Cheng Shunyou, Lu Rukui, Yao Anping. 2013. Tectonic and problems of South China. Scientia Sinica(Terrae) , 43(10): 1553~1582(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Haijiang, Lü Qingtian, Wang Xiaolei, Han Shoucheng, Liu Lijun, Gao Lei, Wang Rui, Hou Zengqian. 2023. Seismically imaged lithospheric delamination and its controls on the Mesozoic magmatic province in South China. Nature Communications, 14: 2718.

    • Zhang Kaijun, Cai Jianxin. 2009. NE-SW-trending Hepu-Hetai dextral shear zone in southern China: Penetration of the Yunkaipromontory of South China into Indochina. Journal of Structural Geology, 31(7): 737~748.

    • Zhang Qi, Qian Qing, Wang Erqi, Wang Yan, Zhao Taiping, Hao Jie, Guo Guangjun. 2001. An East China Plateau in Mid-Late Yanshannian Perios: Implication from adakites. Chinese Journal of Geology (Scientia Geologica Sinica), 36(2): 248~255(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Yueqiao, Xu Xianbing, Jia Dong, Shu Liangshu. 2009. Deformation record of the change from Indosinian collision-related tectonic system to Yanshanian subduction-related tectonic system in South China during the Early Mesozoic. Earth Science Frontiers, 16(1): 234~247(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Cui Jianjun, Shi Wei, Su Jinbao, Li Yong. 2012. The new progress in the study of Mesozoic tectonics of South China. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 33(3): 257~279(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhao G. 1999. Tectonothermal evolution of the Mayuan assemblage in the Cathaysia Block: Implications for Neoproterozoic collision-related assembly of the South China Craton. American Journal of Science, 299(4): 309~339.

    • Zhao Guochun. 2015. Jiangnan Orogen in South China: Developing from divergent double subduction. Gondwana Research, 27(3): 1173~1180.

    • Zhao Guochun, Cawood P A. 2012. Precambrian geology of China. Precambrian Research, 222~223: 13~54.

    • Zhao Guochun, Wang Yuejun, Huang Baochun, Dong Yunpeng, Li Sanzhong, Zhang Guowei, Yu Shan. 2018. Geological reconstructions of the East Asian blocks: From the breakup of Rodinia to the assembly of Pangea. Earth-Science Reviews, 186: 262~286.

    • Zhao Lei, Zhou Xiwen, Zhai Mingguo, Santosh M, Geng Yuansheng. 2015. Zircon U-Th-Pb-Hf isotopes of the basement rocks in northeastern Cathaysia block, South China: Implications for Phanerozoic multiple metamorphic reworking of a Paleoproterozoic terrane. Gondwana Research, 28(1): 246~261.

    • Zheng Jianping. 1999. Mesozoic-Cenozoic Mantle Replacement and Lithospheric Thinning, East China. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).

    • Zheng Jianping, Griffin W L, O'Reilly S Y, Zhang Ming, Pearson N, Pan Yuanming. 2006. Widespread Archean basement beneath the Yangtze craton. Geology, 34(6): 417.

    • Zhou Xinmin, Li Wuxian. 2000. Origin of Late Mesozoic igneous rocks in southeastern China: Implications for lithosphere subduction and underplating of mafic magmas. Tectonophysics, 326(3~4): 269~287.

    • Zhou Xinmin, Sun Tao, Shen Weizhou, Shu Liangshu, Niu Yaoling. 2006. Petrogenesis of Mesozoic granitoids and volcanic rocks in South China: A response to tectonic evolution. Episodes, 29(1): 26~33.

    • 邓晋福, 刘厚祥, 赵海玲, 罗照华, 郭正府, 李玉文. 1996. 燕辽地区燕山期火成岩与造山模型. 现代地质, 10(2): 137~148.

    • 邓晋福, 苏尚国, 赵海玲, 莫宣学, 肖庆辉, 周肃, 刘翠, 赵国春. 2003. 华北地区燕山期岩石圈减薄的深部过程. 地学前缘, 10(3): 41~50.

    • 董树文, 张岳桥, 陈宣华, 龙长兴, 王涛, 杨振宇, 胡健民. 2008.晚侏罗世东亚多向汇聚构造体系的形成与变形特征.地球学报, 29(3): 306~317.

    • 侯增谦, 潘小菲, 杨志明, 曲晓明等. 2007. 初论大陆环境斑岩铜矿. 现代地质, 21(2): 332~351.

    • 皇甫鹏鹏, 王岳军, 范蔚茗, 李忠海, 王喻鸣, 周永智. 2016. 大洋平板俯冲的数值模拟再现: 洋-陆汇聚速率影响, 大地构造与成矿学, 40(3): 429~445.

    • 李三忠, 张勇, 郭玲莉, 索艳慧, 曹花花, 李玺瑶, 周在征. 2017. 那丹哈达地体及周缘中生代变形与增生造山过程. 地学前缘, 24(4): 200~212.

    • 李三忠, 索艳慧, 李玺瑶, 王永明, 曹现志, 王鹏程, 郭玲莉, 于胜尧, 兰浩圆, 李少俊, 赵淑娟, 周在征, 张臻, 张国伟. 2018. 西太平洋中生代板块俯冲过程与东亚洋陆过渡带构造-岩浆响应. 科学通报, 63 (16): 1550~1593.

    • 李献华. 2021. 超大陆裂解的主要驱动力——地幔柱或深俯冲?. 地质学报, 95(1): 20~31.

    • 路凤香, 郑建平, 李伍平, 陈美华, 成中梅. 2000. 中国东部显生宙地幔演化的主要样式: “蘑菇云”模型. 地学前缘, 7(1): 97~108.

    • 毛景文, 谢桂青, 李晓峰, 张长青, 梅燕雄. 2004. 华南地区中生代大规模成矿作用与岩石圈多阶段伸展. 地学前缘, 11(1): 45~55.

    • 毛景文, 谢桂青, 郭春丽, 袁顺达, 程彦博, 陈毓川. 2008. 华南地区中生代主要金属矿床时空分布规律和成矿环境. 高校地质学报, 14(4): 510~526.

    • 任纪舜. 1990. 论中国南部的大地构造. 地质学报, 4: 275~288.

    • 吴福元, 孙德有. 1999. 中国东部中生代岩浆作用与岩石圈减薄. 长春科技大学学报, (4): 313~318.

    • 吴福元, 孙德有, 张广良, 任向文. 2000. 论燕山运动的深部地球动力学本质. 高校地质学报, 6(3): 379~388.

    • 吴福元, 葛文春, 孙德有, 郭春丽. 2003. 中国东部岩石圈减薄研究中的几个问题. 地学前缘, 10(3): 51~57.

    • 邢光福, 郑剑波, 沈加林, 江茂求, 钱迈平, 姜杨, 靳国栋, 段政. 2013. 福建泰宁世界地质公园丹霞红层研究. 地层学杂志, 37(1): 18~24.

    • 徐夕生, 谢昕. 2005. 中国东南部晚中生代—新生代玄武岩与壳幔作用. 高校地质学报, (3): 318~334.

    • 徐先兵. 2011. 武夷山地区显生宙构造变形与年代学研究. 南京大学博士毕业论文.

    • 徐义刚. 1999. 岩石圈的热-机械侵蚀和化学侵蚀与岩石圈减薄. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, (1): 3~7.

    • 杨帆. 2018. 庐山变质核杂岩拆离滑脱带的构造过程及其形成时代研究. 合肥工业大学博士论文.

    • 于津海, 周新民, Reilly Y S O, 赵蕾, Griffin W L, 王汝成, 王丽娟, 陈小明. 2005. 南岭东段基底麻粒岩相变质岩的形成时代和原岩性质: 锆石的 U-Pb-Hf 同位素研究. 科学通报, 50: 1758~1767.

    • 于津海, 楼法生, 王丽娟, 沈林伟, 周雪瑶, 张春晖, 黄志忠. 2014. 赣东北弋阳早古生代麻粒岩的发现及其地质意义. 科学通报, 35: 3508~3516.

    • 张国伟, 郭安林, 王岳军, 李三忠, 董云鹏, 刘少峰, 何登发, 程顺有, 鲁如魁, 姚安平. 2013. 中国华南大陆构造与问题.中国科学: 地球科学, 43(10): 1553~1582.

    • 张旗, 钱青, 王二七, 王焰, 赵太平, 郝杰, 郭光军. 2001. 燕山中晚期的中国东部高原: 埃达克岩的启示. 地质科学, 36(2): 248~255.

    • 张岳桥, 徐先兵, 贾东, 舒良树. 2009. 华南早中生代从印支期碰撞构造体系向燕山期俯冲构造体系转换的形变记录. 地学前缘, 16(1): 234~247.

    • 张岳桥, 董树文, 李建华, 崔建军, 施炜, 苏金宝, 李勇. 2012. 华南中生代大地构造研究新进展. 地球学报, 33(3): 257~279.

    • 郑建平. 1999. 中国东部地幔置换作用与中新生代岩石圈减薄. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

  • 参考文献

    • Artemieva I M. 2022. Antarctica ice sheet basal melting enhanced by high mantle heat. Earth-Science Reviews, 226: 103954.

    • Bahadori A, Holt W E. 2019. Geodynamic evolution of southwestern North America since the Late Eocene. Nature Communications, 10: 5213.

    • Bendick R, Flesch L. 2007. Reconciling lithospheric deformation and lower crustal flow beneath centralTibet. Geology, 35(10): 895.

    • Block L, Royden L H. 1990. Core complex geometries and regional scale flow in the lower crust. Tectonics, 9(4): 557~567.

    • Boyer S E, Elliott D. 1982. Thrust systems. AAPG Bulletin, 66: 1196~1230.

    • Brun J P. 1999. Narrow rifts versus wide rifts: Inferences for the mechanics of rifting from laboratory experiments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 357(1753): 695~712.

    • Brun J P, Sokoutis D. 2010. 45 m. y. of Aegean crust and mantle flow driven by trench retreat. Geology, 38(9): 815~818.

    • Brun J P, Sokoutis D, Tirel C, Gueydan F, Van Den Driessche J, Beslier M O. 2018. Crustal versus mantle core complexes. Tectonophysics, 746: 22~45.

    • Brune S, Heine C, Pérez-Gussinyé M, Sobolev S V. 2014. Rift migration explains continental margin asymmetry and crustal hyper-extension. Nature Communications, 5: 4014.

    • Buck W R. 1991. Modes of continental lithospheric extension. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 96(B12): 20161~20178.

    • Bürgmann R, Dresen G. 2008. Rheology of the lower crust and upper mantle: Evidence from rock mechanics, geodesy, and field observations. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 36: 531~567.

    • Charvet J, Lapierre H, Yu Yunwen. 1994. Geodynamic significance of the Mesozoic volcanism of southeastern China. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 9(4): 387~396.

    • Charvet J, Shu Liangshu, Faure M, Choulet F, Wang Bo, Lu Huafu, Le Breton N. 2010. Structural development of the Lower Paleozoic belt of South China: Genesis of an intracontinental orogen. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 39(4): 309~330.

    • Chen A. 1999. Mirror-image thrusting in the South China Orogenic Belt: Tectonic evidence from western Fujian, southeastern China. Tectonophysics, 305(4): 497~519.

    • Chen Chenghong, Lee Chiyu, Lu H Y, Hsieh P S. 2008. Generation of Late Cretaceous silicic rocks in SE China: Age, major element and numerical simulation constraints. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 31(4~6): 479~498.

    • Chen Jiangfeng, Jahn B M. 1998. Crustal evolution of southeastern China: Nd and Sr isotopic evidence. Tectonophysics, 284(1~2): 101~133.

    • Chen Jingyuan, Yang Jinhui, Zhang Jiheng, Sun Jinfeng, Wilde S A. 2013. Petrogenesis of the Cretaceous Zhangzhou batholith in southeastern China: Zircon U-Pb age and Sr-Nd-Hf-O isotopic evidence. Lithos, 162~163: 140~156.

    • Chen Jingyuan, Yang Jinhui, Zhang Jiheng. 2019. Multiple sources of Cretaceous granitoids in northeastern Fujian, coastal area of southeastern China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 182: 103939.

    • Chen Ling, Jiang Mingming, Yang Jinhui, Wei Zigen, Liu Chuanzhou, Ling Yuan . 2014. Presence of an intralithospheric discontinuity in the central and western North China Craton: Implications for destruction of the craton. Geology, 42(3): 223~226.

    • Christensen N I. 1996. Poisson's ratio and crustal seismology. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 101(B2): 3139~3156.

    • Chu Yang, Faure M, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Ji Wenbin. 2012a. Tectonics of the Middle Triassic intracontinental Xuefengshan Belt, South China: New insights from structural and chronological constraints on the basal décollement zone. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 101(8): 2125~2150.

    • Chu Yang, Lin Wei, Faure M, Wang Qingchen, Ji Wenbin. 2012b. Phanerozoic tectonothermal events of the Xuefengshan Belt, central South China: Implications from UPb age and LuHf determinations of granites. Lithos, 150: 243~255.

    • Chu Yang, Lin Wei, Faure M, Xue Zhenhua, Ji Wenbin, Feng Zhentian. 2019. Cretaceous episodic extension in the South China Block, East Asia: Evidence from the Yuechengling massif of central South China. Tectonics, 38(10): 3675~3702.

    • Collins W J. 2002. Nature of extensional accretionary orogens. Tectonics, 21(4): 1024.

    • Costa S, Rey P. 1995. Lower crustal rejuvenation and growth during post-thickening collapse: Insights from a crustal cross section through a Variscan metamorphic core complex. Geology, 23(10): 905.

    • Currie C A, Wang K, Hyndman R D, He Jiangheng. 2004. The thermal effects of steady-state slab-driven mantle flow above a subducting plate: The Cascadia subduction zone and backarc. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 223(1~2): 35~48.

    • Dahlstrom C D A. 1969. Balanced cross sections. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 6(4): 743~757.

    • DeCelles P G. 2004. Late Jurassic to Eocene evolution of the Cordilleran thrust belt and foreland basin system, western U. S. A. American Journal of Science, 304(2): 105~168.

    • DeCelles P G, Ducea M N, Kapp P, Zandt G. 2009. Cyclicity in Cordilleran orogenic systems. Nature Geoscience, 2: 251~257.

    • Deng Jinfu, Liu Houxiang, Zhao Hailing, Luo Zhaohua, Guo Zhengfu, Li Yuwen. 1996. Yanshanian igneous rocks and orogeny model in Yanshan-Liaoning area. Geoscience, 10 (2): 137~148(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Deng Jinfu, Su Shangguo, Zhao Hailing, Mo Xuanxue, Xiao Qinghui, Zhou Su, Liu Cui, Zhao Guochun. 2003. Deep processes of Mesozoic Yangshanian lithosphere thinning in North China. Earth Science Frontiers, 10(3): 41~50(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Deng Yangfan, Xu Yigang, Chen Yun. 2021. Formation mechanism of the North-South gravity lineament in eastern China. Tectonophysics, 818: 229074.

    • Dickinson W R. 2004. Evolution of the North American Cordillera. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 32: 13~45.

    • Doglioni C, Harabaglia P, Merlini S, Mongelli F, Peccerillo A, Piromallo C. 1999. Orogens and slabs vs. their direction of subduction. Earth-Science Reviews, 45(3~4): 167~208.

    • Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Chen Xuanhua, Long Changxing, Wang Tao, Yang Zhenning, Hu Jianmin. 2008. The formation and deformational characteristics of East Asia multi-direction convergent tectonic system in Late Jurassic. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 29(3): 306~317(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Long Changxing, Yang Zhenyu, Ji Qiang, Wang Tao, Hu Jianming, Chen Xuanhua. 2008. Jurassic tectonic revolution in China and new interpretation of the “Yanshan movement”. Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition, 82(2): 334~347.

    • Dong Shuwen, Gao Rui, Yin An, Guo Tonglou, Zhang Yueqiao, Hu Jianmin, Li Jianhua, Shi Wei, Li Qiusheng. 2013. What drove continued continent-continent convergence after ocean closure? Insights from high-resolution seismic-reflection profiling across the Daba Shan in central China. Geology, 41(6): 671~674.

    • Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Li Hailong, Shi Wei, Xue Huaimin, Li Jianhua, Huang Shiqi, Wang Yongchao. 2018. The Yanshan orogeny and late Mesozoic multi-plate convergence in East Asia—Commemorating 90th years of the “Yanshan Orogeny”. Science China Earth Sciences, 61(12): 1888~1909.

    • Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Cawood P A, Gao Rui, Zhang Yueqiao, Xin Yujia. 2020. Mantle influx compensates crustal thinning beneath the Cathaysia Block, South China: Evidence from SINOPROBE reflection profiling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 544: 116360.

    • Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Gao Rui, Cawood P A, Thybo H, Johnston S T, Jiao Liqing, Zhang Yueqiao, Wang Jinming. 2023. Intraplate lithospheric extension revealed by seismic reflection profiling of South China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 609: 118100.

    • Faure M, Marchadier Y, Rangin C. 1989. Pre-Eocene synmetamorphic structure in the Mindoro-Romblon-Palawan area, West Philippines, and implications for the history of Southeast Asia. Tectonics, 8(5): 963~979.

    • Faure M, Shu Liangshu, Wang Bo, Charvet J, Choulet F, Monie P. 2009. Intracontinental subduction: A possible mechanism for the Early Palaeozoic orogen of SE China. Terra Nova, 21(5): 360~368.

    • Fossen H, Gabrielsen R H, Faleide J I, Hurich C A. 2014. Crustal stretching in the Scandinavian Caledonides as revealed by deep seismic data. Geology, 42(9): 791~794.

    • Fountain D M, Salisbury M H, Percival J. 1990. Seismic structure of the continental crust based on rock velocity measurements from the Kapuskasing uplift. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 95(B2): 1167~1186.

    • Frederiksen S, Braun J. 2001. Numerical modelling of strain localisation during extension of the continental lithosphere. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 188(1~2): 241~251.

    • Gao Rui, Chen Chen, Wang Haiyan, Lu Zhanwu, Brown L, Dong Shuwen, Feng Shaoying, Li Qiusheng, Li Wenhui, Wen Zhongping, Li Feng. 2016. SINOPROBE deep reflection profile reveals a Neo-Proterozoic subduction zone beneath Sichuan basin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 454: 86~91.

    • Gao Shan, Rudnick R L, Carlson R W, McDonough W F, Liu Yongsheng. 2002. Re-Os evidence for replacement of ancient mantle lithosphere beneath the North China craton. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 198(3~4): 307~322.

    • Gao Shan, Zhang Benren, Jin Zhenming, Kern H, Zhao Zidan. 1998. How mafic is the lower continental crust? Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 161(1~4): 101~117.

    • Garzione C N, Hoke G D, Libarkin J C, Withers S, MacFadden B, Eiler J, Ghosh P, Mulch A. 2008. Rise of the Andes. Science, 320(5881): 1304~1307.

    • Geng Hongyan, Xu Xisheng, O'Reilly S Y, Zhao Ming, Sun Tao. 2006. Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive magmatism in western Guangdong and its geological significance. Science in China Series D, 49(7): 696~713.

    • Gerya T V, Burg J P. 2007. Intrusion of ultramafic magmatic bodies into the continental crust: Numerical simulation. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 160(2): 124~142.

    • Gilder S A, Keller G R, Luo Ming, Goodell P C. 1991. Eastern Asia and the Western Pacific timing and spatial distribution of rifting in China. Tectonophysics, 197(2~4): 225~243.

    • Gilder S A, Gill J, Coe R S, Zhao Xixi, Liu Zhongwei, Wang Genxian, Yuan Kuirong, Liu Wenlong, Kuang Guodun, Wu Haoruo. 1996. Isotopic and paleomagnetic constraints on the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of South China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 101: 16137~16154.

    • Göğüş O H. 2015. Rifting and subsidence following lithospheric removal in continental back arcs. Geology, 43(1): 3~6.

    • Gu Huangling, Yang Xiaoyong, Deng Jianghong, Duan Liuan, Liu Lei. 2017. Geochemical and zircon U-Pb geochronological study of the Yangshan A-type granite: Insights into the geological evolution in South Anhui, eastern Jiangnan Orogen. Lithos, 284~285: 156~170.

    • Guo Feng, Fan Weiming, Li Chaowen, Zhao Liang, Li Hongxia, Yang Jinhui. 2012. Multi-stage crust-mantle interaction in SE China: Temporal, thermal and compositional constraints from the Mesozoic felsic volcanic rocks in eastern Guangdong-Fujian Provinces. Lithos, 150: 62~84.

    • Guo Feng, Wu Yangming, Zhang Bo, Zhang Xiaobing, Zhao Liang, Liao Jie. 2021. Magmatic responses to Cretaceous subduction and tearing of the Paleo-Pacific Plate in SE China: An overview. Earth-Science Reviews, 212: 103448.

    • Guo Lianghui, Gao Rui, Shi Lei, Huang Zhangrong, Ma Yawei. 2019. Crustal thickness and Poisson's ratios of South China revealed from joint inversion of receiver function and gravity data. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 510: 142~152.

    • Gutscher M A, Maury R, Eissen J P, Bourdon E. 2000. Can slab melting be caused by flat subduction? Geology, 28(6): 535~538.

    • Hamilton W. 1987. Plate-tectonic evolution of the western U. S. A. Episodes, 10(4): 271~277.

    • Haschke M R, Scheuber E, Günther A, Reutter K J. 2002. Evolutionary cycles during the Andean orogeny: Repeated slab breakoff and flat subduction? Terra Nova, 14(1): 49~55.

    • He Chuansong, Dong Shuwen, Santosh M, Chen Xuanhua. 2013. Seismic evidence for a geosuture between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, South China. Scientific Reports, 3: 2200.

    • He Zhenyu, Xu Xisheng. 2012. Petrogenesis of the Late Yanshanian mantle-derived intrusions in southeastern China: Response to the geodynamics of Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Chemical Geology, 328: 208~221.

    • Hou Zengqian, Pan Xiaofei, Yang Zhiming, Qu Xiaoming. 2007. Porphyry Cu-(Mo-Au)deposits no related to oceanic-slab subduction: Examples from Chinese porphyry deposits in continental settings. Geoscience, 21(2): 332~351(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Hu Ruizhong, Bi Xianwu, Zhou Meifu, Peng Jiantang, Su Wenchao, Liu Shen, Qi Huawen. 2008. Uranium metallogenesis in South China and its relationship to crustal extension during the Cretaceous to tertiary. Economic Geology, 103(3): 583~598.

    • Huang Zhouchuan, Wang Pan, Zhao Dapeng, Wang Liangshu, Xu Mingjie. 2014. Three-dimensional P wave azimuthal anisotropy in the lithosphere beneath China. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 119(7): 5686~5712.

    • Huang Zhouchuan, Gou Tao, Wang Liangshu. 2021. P and S wave tomography of east-central China: Insight into past and present mantle dynamics. Tectonophysics, 809: 228859.

    • Huangfu Pengpeng, Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Li Zhonghai, Wang Yuming, Zhou Yongzhi. 2016. Numerical modeling of flat subduction: Constraints from the ocean-continent convergence velocity. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 40(3): 429~445(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Isozaki Y, Aoki K, Nakama T, Yanai S. 2010. New insight into a subduction-related orogen: A reappraisal of the geotectonic framework and evolution of the Japanese Islands. Gondwana Research, 18(1): 82~105.

    • Jadamec M A. 2016. Insights on slab-driven mantle flow from advances in three-dimensional modelling. Journal of Geodynamics, 100: 51~70.

    • Jahn B M. 1974. Mesozoic thermal events in southeast China. Nature, 248: 480~483.

    • Jahn B M, Chen P Y, Yen T P. 1976. Rb-Sr ages of granitic rocks in southeastern China and their tectonic significance. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 87(5): 763.

    • Jahn B M, Martineau F, Peucat J J, Cornichet J. 1986. Geochronology of the Tananao Schist complex, Taiwan, and its regional tectonic significance. Tectonophysics, 125: 103~124.

    • Ji Wenbin, Faure M, Lin Wei, Chen Yan, Chu Yang, Xue Zhenhua. 2018. Multiple emplacement and exhumation history of the late Mesozoic Dayunshan-Mufushan batholith in southeast China and its tectonic significance: 1. Structural analysis and geochronological constraints. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 123(1): 689~710.

    • Jia Dong, Wei Guoqi, Chen Zhuxin, Li Benliang, Zeng Qing, Yang Guang. 2006. Longmen Shan fold-thrust belt and its relation to the western Sichuan basin in central China: New insights from hydrocarbon exploration. AAPG Bulletin, 90(9): 1425~1447.

    • Jia Lihui, Mao Jingwen, Liu Peng, Yu Miao. 2020. Crust-mantle interaction during subduction zone processes: Insight from late Mesozoic I-type granites in eastern Guangdong, SE China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 192: 104284.

    • Jiang Xiaoyan, Deng Jianghong, Luo Jincheng, Zhang Lipeng, Luo Zebin, Yan Haibo, Sun Weidong. 2020. Petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous adakites in Tongguanshan Cu-Au polymetallic deposit, Tongling region, eastern China. Ore Geology Reviews, 126: 103717.

    • Jiang Xiaoyan, Li Xianhua. 2014. In situ zircon U-Pb and Hf-O isotopic results for Ca. 73 Ma granite in Hainan Island: Implications for the termination of an Andean-type active continental margin in southeast China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 82: 32~46.

    • Jiang Xiaoyan, Luo Jincheng, Guo Jia, Wu Kai, Zhang Zhekun, Sun Weidong, Xia Xiaoping. 2018. Geochemistry of I- and A-type granites of the Qingyang-Jiuhuashan complex, eastern China: Insights into Early Cretaceous multistage magmatism. Lithos, 316~317: 278~294.

    • Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Peng, Zhou Qing, Liao Shiyong, Jin Guodong. 2011. Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Early Cretaceous S- and A-type granites in the northwest of the Gan-Hang Rift, SE China. Lithos, 121(1~4): 55~73.

    • John B M, Zhou X H, Li J L. 1990. Formation and tectonic evolution ofsoutheastern China and Taiwan: Isotopic and geochemical constraints. Tectonophysics, 183: 145~160.

    • Jolivet L, Augier R, Faccenna C, Negro F, Rimmele G, Agard P, Robin C, Rossetti F, Crespo-Blanc A. 2008. Subduction, convergence and the mode of backarc extension in the Mediterranean region. Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France, 179(6): 525~550.

    • Jolivet L, Menant A, Clerc C, Sternai P, Bellahsen N, Leroy S, Pik R, Stab M, Faccenna C, Gorini C. 2018. Extensional crustal tectonics and crust-mantle coupling, a view from the geological record. Earth-Science Reviews, 185: 1187~1209.

    • Kaban M K, Mooney W D, Petrunin A G. 2015. Cratonic root beneath North America shifted by basal drag from the convecting mantle. Nature Geoscience, 8: 797~800.

    • Kerrich R, Goldfarb R, Groves D, Garwin S. 2000. The geodynamics of world-class gold deposits: Characteristics, space-time distribution, and origins. Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry, 13: 501~551.

    • Klemperer S L, Hauge T A, Hauser E C, Oliver J E, Potter C J. 1986. The Moho in the northern basin and range province, Nevada, along the COCORP 40°N seismic-reflection transect. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 97(5): 603.

    • Klemperer S L. 1988. Crustal thinning and nature of extension in the northern North Sea from deep seismic reflection profiling. Tectonics, 7(4): 803~821.

    • Lapierre H, Jahn B M, Charvet J, Yu Y W. 1997. Mesozoic felsic arc magmatism and continental olivine tholeiites in Zhejiang Province and their relationship with the tectonic activity in southeastern China. Tectonophysics, 274(4): 321~338.

    • Li He, Ling Mingxing, Li Congying, Zhang Hong, Ding Xing, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Li Yiliang, Sun Weidong. 2012. A-type granite belts of two chemical subgroups in central eastern China: Indication of ridge subduction. Lithos, 150: 26~36.

    • Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Johnston S T. 2014. Cretaceous tectonic evolution of South China: A preliminary synthesis. Earth-Science Reviews, 134: 98~136.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Yin An, Zhang Yueqiao, Shi Wei. 2015. Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Daba Shan thrust belt in the southern Qinling Orogen, central China: Constraints from surface geology and reflection seismology. Tectonics, 34(8): 1545~1575.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Cui Jianjun, Xin Yujia. 2016. New insights into Phanerozoic tectonics of South China: Part 1, polyphase deformation in the Jiuling and Lianyunshan domains of the central Jiangnan Orogen. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 121(4): 3048~3080.

    • Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Dong Shuwen, Koppers A, Miggins D P, Sun Hanshen, Wang Wenbao, Xin Yujia. 2017. New insights into Phanerozoic tectonics of South China: Early Paleozoic sinistral and Triassic dextral transpression in the East Wuyishan and Chencai domains, NE Cathaysia. Tectonics, 36(5): 819~853.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Cawood P A, Zhao Guochun, Johnston S T, Zhang Yueqiao, Xin Yujia. 2018. An Andean-type retro-arc foreland system beneath northwest South China revealed by SINOPROBE profiling. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 490: 170~179.

    • Li Jianhua, Cawood P A, Ratschbacher L, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Xin Yujia, Yang Hang, Zhang Peixing. 2020. Building Southeast China in the late Mesozoic: Insights from alternating episodes of shortening and extension along the Lianhuashan fault zone. Earth-Science Reviews, 201: 103056.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Gao Rui, Cawood P A, Zhang Yueqiao, Zhao Guochun, Li Qiusheng, Xin Yujia, Wang Jinming, Lü Fang. 2022. The thinnest crust in South China associated with the Cretaceous lithospheric extension: Evidence from SINOPROBE seismic reflection profiling. Tectonics, 41(8): e2022TC007240.

    • Li Jianhua, Dong Shuwen, Cawood P A, Thybo H, Clift P D, Johnston S T, Zhao Guochun, Zhang Yueqiao. 2023. Cretaceous long-distance lithospheric extension and surface response in South China. Earth-Science Reviews, 243: 104496.

    • Li Sanzhong, Zhang Yong, Guo Lingli, Suo Yanhui, Cao Huahua, Li Xiyao, Zhou Zaizheng. 2017. Mesozoic deformation and accretionary orogenic processes around the Nadanhada Terrane. Earth Science Frontiers, 24(4): 200~212(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Sanzhong, Suo Yanhui, Li Xiyao, Wang Yongming, Cao Xianzhi, Wang Pengcheng, Guo Lingli, Yu Shengyao, Lan Haoyuan, Li Shaojun, Zhao Shujuan, Zhou Zaizheng, Zhang Zhen, Zhang Guowei. 2018. Mesozoic plate subduction in West Pacific and tectono-magmatic response in the East Asian ocean-continent connection zone. Chinese Science Bulletin, 63 (16): 1550~1593(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Xianhua. 2000. Cretaceous magmatism and lithospheric extension in Southeast China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 18(3): 293~305.

    • Li Xianhua. 2021. The major driving force triggering breakup of supercontinent: Mantle plumes or deep subduction?Acta Geologica Sinica, 95(1): 20~31(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Xianhua, Chen Zhigang, Liu Dunyi, Li Wuxian. 2003. Jurassic gabbro-granite-syenite suites from southern Jiangxi Province, SE China: Age, origin, and tectonic significance. International Geology Review, 45(10): 898~921.

    • Li Xianhua, Chung Sunlin, Zhou Hanwen, Lo Chinghua, Liu Ying, Chen Changhwa. 2004. Jurassic intraplate magmatism in southern Hunan-eastern Guangxi: 40Ar/39Ar dating, geochemistry, Sr-Nd isotopes and implications for the tectonic evolution of SE China. Geological Society of London Special Publications, 226(1): 193~215.

    • Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Li Zhengxiang, Lo Chinghua, Wang Jian, Ye Meifang, Yang Yueheng. 2009. Amalgamation between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China: Constraints from SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages, geochemistry and Nd-Hf isotopes of the Shuangxiwu volcanic rocks. Precambrian Research, 174(1~2): 117~128.

    • Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Wang Xuance, Li Qiuli, Liu Yu, Tang Guoqiang, Gao Yuya, Wu Fuyuan. 2010. SIMS U-Pb zircon geochronology of porphyry Cu-Au-(Mo) deposits in the Yangtze River metallogenic belt, eastern China: Magmatic response to Early Cretaceous lithospheric extension. Lithos, 119(3~4): 427~438.

    • Li Zhen, Qiu Jiansheng, Yang Xuemei. 2014. A review of the geochronology and geochemistry of Late Yanshanian (Cretaceous) plutons along the Fujian coastal area of southeastern China: Implications for magma evolution related to slab break-off and rollback in the Cretaceous. Earth-Science Reviews, 128: 232~248.

    • Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua. 2007. Formation of the 1300-km-wide intracontinental orogen and postorogenic magmatic province in Mesozoic South China: A flat-slab subduction model. Geology, 35(2): 179.

    • Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua, Wartho J A, Clark C, Li Wuxian, Zhang Chuanlin, Bao Chaomin. 2010. Magmatic and metamorphic events during the Early Paleozoic Wuyi-Yunkai orogeny, southeastern South China: New age constraints and pressure-temperature conditions. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 122(5~6): 772~793.

    • Li Zhengxiang, Li Xianhua, Chung Sunlin, Lo Chinghua, Xu Xisheng, Li Wuxian. 2012. Magmatic switch-on and switch-off along the South China continental margin since the Permian: Transition from an Andean-type to a Western Pacific-type plate boundary. Tectonophysics, 532~535: 271~290.

    • Lin Shoufa, Xing Guangfu, Davis D W, Yin Changqing, Wu Meiling, Li Longming, Jiang Yang, Chen Zhihong. 2018. Appalachian-style multi-terrane Wilson cycle model for the assembly of South China. Geology, 46(4): 319~322.

    • Lin Wei, Faure M, Monié P, Schärer U, Zhang Liangsheng, Sun Yan. 2000. Tectonics of SE China: New insights from the Lushan massif (Jiangxi Province). Tectonics, 19(5): 852~871.

    • Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Chen Ke. 2008. Phanerozoic tectonics of South China Block: New insights from the polyphase deformation in the Yunkai massif. Tectonics, 27(6): TC6004.

    • Ling Mingxing, Wang Fangyue, Ding Xing, Hu Yanhua. 2009. Cretaceous ridge subduction along the Lower Yangtze River belt, eastern China. Economic Geology, 104(2): 303~321.

    • Lister G S, Davis G A. 1989. The origin of metamorphic core complexes and detachment faults formed during Tertiary continental extension in the northern Colorado River region, U. S. A. Journal of Structural Geology, 11(1~2): 65~94.

    • Liu Lei, Xu Xisheng, Xia Yan. 2016. Asynchronizing paleo-Pacific slab rollback beneath SE China: Insights from the episodic Late Mesozoic volcanism. Gondwana Research, 37: 397~407.

    • Liu Lijun, Peng Diandian, Liu Liang, Chen Ling, Li Sanzhong, Wang Yaoyi, Cao Zebin, Feng Mingye. 2021. East Asian lithospheric evolution dictated by multistage Mesozoic flat-slab subduction. Earth Science Reviews, 217: 103621.

    • Liu Shaofeng, Qian Tao, Li Wangpeng, Dou Guoxing, Wu Peng. 2015. Oblique closure of the northeastern Paleo-Tethys in central China. Tectonics, 34(3): 413~434.

    • Liu Xuan, Fan Hongrui, Santosh M, Hu Fangfang, Yang Kuifeng, Li Qiuli, Yang Yueheng, Liu Yongsheng. 2012. Remelting of Neoproterozoic relict volcanic arcs in the Middle Jurassic: Implication for the formation of the Dexing porphyry copper deposit, southeastern China. Lithos, 150: 85~100.

    • Lu Fengxiang, Zheng Jianping, Li Wuping, Chen Meihua, Cheng Zhongmei. 2000. The main evolution pattern of Phanerozoic mantle in the eastern China: The “Mushroom Cloud” model. Earth Science Frontiers, 7(1): 97~108 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Magni V. 2019. The effects of back-arc spreading on arc magmatism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 519: 141~151.

    • Mao Jingwen, Xie Guiqing, Li Xiaofeng, Zhang Changqing, Mei Yanxiong. 2004. Mesozoic large scale mineralization and multiple lithospheric extension in South China. Earth Science Frontiers, 11(1): 45~55(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Mao Jingwen, Xie Guiqing, Guo Chunli, Yuan Shunda, Cheng Yanbo, Chen Yuchuan. 2008. Spatial-temporal distribution of Mesozoic ore deposits in South China and their metallogenic settings. Geological Journal of China Universities, 14(4): 510~526(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Mao Jingwen, Zhang Jiandong, Pirajno F, Ishiyama D, Su Huimin, Guo Chunli, Chen Yuchuan. 2011. Porphyry Cu-Au-Mo-epithermal Ag-Pb-Zn-distal hydrothermal Au deposits in the Dexing area, Jiangxi Province, East China—A linked ore system. Ore Geology Reviews, 43(1): 203~216.

    • Mao Jingwen, Cheng Yanbo, Chen Maohong, Pirajno F. 2013. Major types and time-space distribution of Mesozoic ore deposits in South China and their geodynamic settings. Mineralium Deposita, 48(3): 267~294.

    • Meng Lifeng, Li Zhengxiang, Chen Hanlin, Li Xianhua, Wang Xuance. 2012. Geochronological and geochemical results from Mesozoic basalts in southern South China Block support the flat-slab subduction model. Lithos, 132~133: 127~140.

    • Meyer C, Schellart W P. 2013. Three-dimensional dynamic models of subducting plate-overriding plate-upper mantle interaction. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 118(2): 775~790.

    • Molnar P, Tapponnier P. 1975. Cenozoic Tectonics of Asia: Effects of a continental collision: Features of recent continental tectonics in Asia can be interpreted as results of the India-Eurasia collision. Science, 189(4201): 419~426.

    • Naviset S, Morley C K, Naghadeh D H, Ghosh J. 2017. Sill emplacement during rifting and inversion from three-dimensional seismic and well data, Phitsanulok basin, Thailand. Geosphere, 13(6): 2017~2040.

    • Nelson K D. 1992. Are crustal thickness variations in old mountain belts like the Appalachians a consequence of lithospheric delamination? Geology, 20(6): 498~502.

    • Percival J A, Green A G, Milkereit B, Cook F A, Geis W, West G F. 1989. Seismic reflection profiles across deep continental crust exposed in the Kapuskasing uplift structure. Nature, 342: 416~420.

    • Qi Youqiang, Hu Ruizhong, Liu Shen, Coulson I M, Qi Huawen, Tian Jianji, Feng Caixia, Wang Tao. 2012. Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of Mesozoic mafic dikes from the Gan-Hang tectonic belt, South China: Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance. International Geology Review, 54(8): 920~939.

    • Qi Youqiang, Hu Ruizhong, Liu Shen, Coulson I M, Qi Huawen, Tian Jianji, Zhu Jingjing. 2016. Petrogenesis and geodynamic setting of Early Cretaceous mafic-ultramafic intrusions, South China: A case study from the Gan-Hang tectonic belt. Lithos, 258~259: 149~162.

    • Qian Jiahui, Yin Changqing, Zhang Jian, Jin Xin. 2021. Early Paleozoic high-temperature metamorphism of garnet amphibolite in the Longyou area, Cathaysia Block of South China: P-T path and tectonic implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 213: 104744.

    • Qiu Liang, Yan Danping, Yang Wenxin, Wang Jibin, Tang Xiangli, Ariser S. 2017. Early to Middle Triassic sedimentary records in the Youjiang Basin, South China: Implications for Indosinian orogenesis. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 141: 125~139.

    • Qiu Liang, Kong Ruoyan, Yan Danping, Mu Hongxu, Sun Weihua, Sun Shouheng, Han Yangguang, Li Chengming, Zhang Liangliang, Cao Fude, Ariser S. 2022a. Paleo-Pacific plate subduction on the eastern Asian margin: Insights from the Jurassic foreland system of the overriding plate. GSA Bulletin, 134(9~10): 2305~2320.

    • Qiu Liang, Li Xue, Li Xiaowei, Yan Danping, Ren Minghua, Zhang Liangliang, Cheng Guangsuo. 2022b. Petrogenesis of Early Cretaceous intermediate to felsic rocks in Shanghai, South China: Magmatic response to Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Tectonophysics, 838: 229469.

    • Qiu Yumin M, Gao Shan, McNaughton N J, Groves D I, Ling Wenli. 2000. First evidence of >3. 2 Ga continental crust in the Yangtze craton of South China and its implications for Archean crustal evolution and Phanerozoic tectonics. Geology, 28(1): 11~14.

    • Rapp R P, Watson E B. 1995. Dehydration melting of metabasalt at 8-32 kbar: Implications for continental growth and crust-mantle recycling. Journal of Petrology, 36(4): 891~931.

    • Ren Jishun. 1990. On the geotectonics of southern China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 4: 275~288(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Rey P. 1993. Seismic and tectono-metamorphic characters of the lower continental crust in Phanerozoic areas: A consequence of post-thickening extension. Tectonics, 12(2): 580~590.

    • Rosenberg C L, Handy M R. 2005. Experimental deformation of partially melted granite revisited: Implications for the continental crust. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 23(1): 19~28.

    • Schellart W P. 2020. Control of subduction zone age and size on flat slab subduction. Frontiers in Earth Science, 8: 26.

    • Schellart W P, Moresi L. 2013. A new driving mechanism for backarc extension and backarc shortening through slab sinking induced toroidal and poloidal mantle flow: Results from dynamic subduction models with an overriding plate. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 118(6): 3221~3248.

    • Shen Weisen, Wiens D A, Stern T, Anandakrishnan S, Aster R C, Dalziel I, Hansen S, Heeszel D S, Huerta A, Nyblade A, Wilson T J, Winberry J P. 2018. Seismic evidence for lithospheric foundering beneath the southern Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. Geology, 46(1): 71~74.

    • Shi Wei, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Hu Jianmin, Wiesinger M, Ratschbacher L, Jonckheere R, Li Jianhua, Tian Mi, Chen Hong, Wu Guoli, Ma Licheng, Li Hailong. 2012. Intra-continental Dabashan orocline, southwestern Qinling, central China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 46: 20~38.

    • Shu Liangshu, Deng Ping, Wang Bin, Tan Zhengzhong, Yu Xinqi, Sun Yan. 2004. Lithology, kinematics and geochronology related to Late Mesozoic basin-mountain evolution in the Nanxiong-Zhuguang area, South China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 47(8): 673~688.

    • Shu Liangshu, Faure M, Wang Bo, Zhou Xinmin, Song Biao. 2008. Late Palaeozoic-Early Mesozoic geological features of South China: Response to the Indosinian collision events in Southeast Asia. Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 340(2~3): 151~165.

    • Shu Liangshu, Jahn B M, Charvet J, Santosh M, Wang Bo, Xu X S, Jiang S Y. 2014. Early Paleozoic depositional environment and intraplate tectono-magmatism in the Cathaysia Block (South China): Evidence from stratigraphic, structural, geochemical and geochronological investigations. American Journal of Science, 314(1): 154~186.

    • Shu Liangshu, Wang Bo, Cawood P A, Santosh M, Xu Zhiqin. 2015. Early Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic intraplate tectonic and magmatic events in the Cathaysia Block, South China. Tectonics, 34(8): 1600~1621.

    • Shu Liangshu, Yao Jinlong, Wang Bo, Faure M, Charvet J, Chen Yan. 2021. Neoproterozoic plate tectonic process and Phanerozoic geodynamic evolution of the South China Block. Earth-Science Reviews, 216: 103596.

    • Shu Liangshu, Zhou Xinmin, Deng P, Wang Bo, Jiang S Y, Yu J H, Zhao X X. 2009. Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Southeast China Block: New insights from basin analysis. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 34(3): 376~391.

    • Sillitoe R H. 1972. A plate tectonic model for the origin of porphyry copper deposits. Economic Geology, 67(2): 184~197.

    • Song Zhigang, Han Zuozhen, Gao Lihua, Geng Hongyan, Li Xuping, Meng Fanxue, Han Mei, Zhong Wenjian, Li Jingjing, Du Qingxiang, Yan Junlei, Liu Hui. 2018. Permo-Triassic evolution of the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt revisited: Insights from Late Permian igneous suite in the Daheishan Horst, NE China. Gondwana Research, 56: 23~50.

    • Sternai P, Jolivet L, Menant A, Gerya T. 2014. Driving the upper plate surface deformation by slab rollback and mantle flow. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 405: 110~118.

    • Su Haiyan, Yang Yang, Wang Chengcheng, Liu Yican, Groppo C, Rolfo F. 2021. Petrogenesis and tectonic significance of Neoarchean (~2. 6 Ga) alkaline ultrapotassic granitic gneisses from the southeastern marginof the North China Craton: Constraints from U-Pb dating, Hf isotope and petrogeochemistry. Lithos, 398~399: 106324.

    • Sun Weidong, Ding Xing, Hu Yanhua, Li Xianhua. 2007. The golden transformation of the Cretaceous plate subduction in the West Pacific. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 262(3~4): 533~542.

    • Sun Weidong, Ling Mingxing, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Ding Xing, Liang Huaying. 2010. Ridge subduction and porphyry copper-gold mineralization: An overview. Science China Earth Sciences, 53(4): 475~484.

    • Sun Weidong, Yang Xiaoyong, Fan Weiming, Wu Fuyuan. 2012. Mesozoic large scale magmatism and mineralization in South China: Preface. Lithos, 150: 1~5.

    • Suo Yanhui, Li Sanzhong, Jin Chong, Zhang Yong, Zhou Jie, Li Xiyao, Wang Pengcheng, Liu Ze, Wang Xinyu, Somerville I. 2019. Eastward tectonic migration and transition of the Jurassic-Cretaceous Andean-type continental margin along Southeast China. Earth-Science Reviews, 196: 102884.

    • Tao Lu, Pan Fabin, Liu Rong, Jin Chong, Jia Baojian, He Xiaobo. 2020. Petrogenesis of the Cretaceous granitoids in Zhejiang, northeast South China Block and their implications for episodic retreat and roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. GSA Bulletin, 132(7~8): 1514~1536.

    • Tapponnier P, Peltzer G, Le Dain A Y, Armijo R, Cobbold P. 1982. Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with plasticine. Geology, 10(12): 611.

    • Thybo H, Youssof M, Artemieva I M. 2019. Southern Africa crustal anisotropy reveals coupled crust-mantle evolution for over 2 billion years. Nature Communications, 10: 5445.

    • Tong W X, Tobisch O T. 1996. Deformation of granitoid plutons in the Dongshan area, southeast China: Constraints on the physical conditions and timing of movement along the Changle-Nanao shear zone. Tectonophysics, 267(1~4): 303~316.

    • Uyeda S, Kanamori H. 1979. Back-arc opening and the mode of subduction. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 84(B3): 1049~1061.

    • Wang Dezi, Shu Liangshu. 2012. Late Mesozoic basin and range tectonics and related magmatism in Southeast China. Geoscience Frontiers, 3(2): 109~124.

    • Wang Jian, Li Zheng-Xiang. 2003. History of Neoproterozoic rift basins in South China: Implications for Rodinia break-up. Precambrian Research, 122(1~4): 141~158.

    • Wang Lijun, Zhang Kexin, Lin Shoufa, He Weihong, Yin Leiming. 2022. Origin and age of the Shenshan tectonic mélange in the Jiangshan-Shaoxing-Pingxiang fault and late Early Paleozoic juxtaposition of the Yangtze block and the West Cathaysia terrane, South China. GSA Bulletin, 134(1~2): 113~129.

    • Wang Lijun, Lin Shoufa, Xiao Wenjiao. 2023. Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks of South China: Their separate positions in Gondwana until Early Paleozoic juxtaposition. Geology, 51(8): 723~727.

    • Wang Menghao, Qian Xin, Wang Weitao, Gan Chengshi, Zhang Yipeng, Liu Kang, Jin Ruizhi. 2023. Ar-Ar ages and geochemistry of Late Cretaceous basalts in the Nanxiong basin, SE China: Constraints on the subduction and rollback of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 253: 105732.

    • Wang Qiang, Xu Jifeng, Jian Ping, Bao Zhiwei, Zhao Zhenhuan, Li Chaofeng, Xiong Xiaolin, Ma Jinlong. 2006. Petrogenesis of adakitic porphyries in an extensional tectonic setting, Dexing, South China: Implications for the genesis of porphyry copper mineralization. Journal of Petrology, 47(1): 119~144.

    • Wang Sinuo, Yan Jun. 2021. Coexisting Early Cretaceous arc-type and OIB-type mafic magmatic rocks in the eastern Jiangnan Orogen, South China Block: Implications for paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Lithos, 400~401: 106421.

    • Wang Xiaolei, Zhou Jincheng, Griffin W L, Wang Rucheng, Qiu Jiansheng, O'Reilly S Y, Xu Xisheng, Liu Xiaoming, Zhang Guilin. 2007. Detrital zircon geochronology of Precambrian basement sequences in the Jiangnan orogen: Dating the assembly of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. Precambrian Research, 159(1~2): 117~131.

    • Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Guo Feng, Peng Touping, Li Chaowen. 2003. Geochemistry of Mesozoic mafic rocks adjacent to the Chenzhou-Linwu fault, South China: Implications for the lithospheric boundary between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. International Geology Review, 45(3): 263~286.

    • Wang Yuejun, Zhang Yanhua, Fan Weiming, Peng Touping. 2005. Structural signatures and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Indosinian Xuefengshan tectonic belt, South China Block. Journal of Structural Geology, 27(6): 985~998.

    • Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Cawood P A, Ji Shaocheng, Peng Touping, Chen Xinyue. 2007a. Indosinian high-strain deformation for the Yunkaidashan tectonic belt, South China: Kinematics and 40Ar-39Ar geochronological constraints. Tectonics, 26(6): TC6008.

    • Wang Yuejun, Zhang Aimei, Fan Weiming, Zhao Guochun, Zhang Guowei, Zhang Yuzhi, Zhang Feifei, Li Sanzhong. 2011. Kwangsian crustal anatexis within the eastern South China Block: Geochemical, zircon U-Pb geochronological and Hf isotopic fingerprints from the gneissoid granites of Wugong and Wuyi-Yunkaidomains. Lithos, 127(1~2): 239~260.

    • Wang Yuejun, Wu Chunming, Zhang Aimei, Fan Weiming, Zhang Yanhua, Zhang Yuzhi, Peng Touping, Yin Changqin. 2012. Kwangsian and Indosinian reworking of the eastern South China Block: Constraints on zircon U-Pb geochronology and metamorphism of amphibolites and granulites. Lithos, 150: 227~242.

    • Wang Yuejun, Fan Weiming, Zhang Guowei, Zhang Yanhua. 2013. Phanerozoic tectonics of the South China Block: Key observations and controversies. Gondwana Research, 23(4): 1273~1305.

    • Wang Yuejun, Zhang Yuzhi, Fan Weiming, Geng Hongyan, Zou Heping, Bi Xianwu. 2014. Early Neoproterozoic accretionary assemblage in the Cathaysia Block: Geochronological, Lu-Hf isotopic and geochemical evidence from granitoid gneisses. Precambrian Research, 249: 144~161.

    • Wang Zhihong, Lu Huafu. 2000. Ductile deformation and 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Changle-Nanao ductile shear zone, southeastern China. Journal of Structural Geology, 22(5): 561~570.

    • Warner M, McGeary S. 1987. Seismic reflection coefficients from mantle fault zones. Geophysical Journal International, 89(1): 223~230.

    • Wei Wei, Faure M, Chen Yan, Ji Wenbin, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Yan Quanren, Hou Quanlin. 2015. Back-thrusting response of continental collision: Early Cretaceous NW-directed thrusting in the Changle-Nan'ao belt (Southeast China). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 100: 98~114.

    • Wei Wei, Chen Yan, Faure M, Martelet G, Lin Wei, Wang Qingchen, Yan Quanren, Hou Quanlin. 2016. Anearly extensional event of the South China Block during the Late Mesozoic recorded by the emplacement of the Late Jurassic syntectonic Hengshan Composite Granitic Massif (Hunan, SE China). Tectonophysics, 672~673: 50~67.

    • Wei Wei, Lin Wei, Chen Yan, Faure M, Ji Wenbin, Hou Quanlin, Yan Quanren, Wang Qingchen. 2023. Tectonic controls on magmatic tempo in an active continental margin: Insights from the Early Cretaceous syn-tectonic magmatism in the Changle-Nan'ao belt, South China. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 128(2): e2022JB025973.

    • Wernicke B. 1981. Low-angle normal faults in the basin and range province: Nappe tectonics in an extending orogen. Nature, 291: 645~648.

    • Wernicke B. 1995. Low-angle normal faults and seismicity: A review. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 100(B10): 20159~20174.

    • Whitney D L, Teyssier C, Rey P, Buck W R. 2013. Continental and oceanic core complexes. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 125(3~4): 273~298.

    • Wong Jean, Sun Min, Xing Guangfu, Li Xianhua, Zhao Guochun, Wong K, Yuan Chao, Xia Xiaoping, Li Longming, Wu Fuyuan. 2009. Geochemical and zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of the Baijuhuajian metaluminous A-type granite: Extension at 125~100 Ma and its tectonic significance for South China. Lithos, 112(3~4): 289~305.

    • Wong Jean, Sun Min, Xing Guangfu, Li Xianhua, Zhao Guochun, Wong K, Wu Fuyuan. 2011. Zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of Mesozoic felsic rocks from eastern Zhejiang, South China: Geochemical contrast between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. Gondwana Research, 19(1): 244~259.

    • Wu Fuyuan, Sun Deyou. 1999. The Mesozoic magmatism and lithospheric thinning in eastern China. Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology, (4): 313~318(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Wu Fuyuan, Sun Deyou, Zhang Guangliang, Ren Xiangwen. 2000. Deep geodynamics of Yanshain movement. Geological Journal of China Universities, 6(3): 379~388(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Wu Fuyuan, Ge Wenchun, Sun Deyou, Guo Chunli. 2003. Discussions on the Lithospheric Thinning in Eastern China. Earth Science Frontiers, 10(3): 51~57(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xiao Wenjiao, He Haiqing. 2005. Early Mesozoic thrust tectonics of the northwest Zhejiang region (Southeast China). Geological Society of America Bulletin, 117(7): 945.

    • Xie Jiancheng, Yang Xiaoyong, Sun Weidong, Du Jianguo. 2012. Early Cretaceous dioritic rocks in the Tongling region, eastern China: Implications for the tectonic settings. Lithos, 150: 49~61.

    • Xin Yujia, Li Jianhua, Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen. 2023. Episodic magmatism in the Lianhuashan tectonic belt: Implications for late Mesozoic crustal reworking in SE South China. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 135(11~12): 3043~3065.

    • Xing Guangfu, Zheng Jianbo, Shen Jialin, Jiang Maoqiu, Qian Maiping, Jiang Yang, Jin Guodong, Duan Zheng. 2013. Red beds of Danxia landform in the Taining geopark, Fujian Province. Journal of Stratigraphy, 37(1): 18~24(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xu Changhai, Zhang Lu, Shi Hesheng, Brix M R, Huhma H, Chen Lihui, Zhang Minqiang, Zhou Zuyi. 2017. Tracing an Early Jurassic magmatic arc from South to East China Seas. Tectonics, 36(3): 466~492.

    • Xu Xianbing. 2011. Research on Phanerozoic Structural Deformation and Geochronology in Wuyishan area, South China. Doctoral dissertation of Nanjing University (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xu Xianbing. 2023. Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic tectonic evolution of the South China Block: Geodynamic transition from the Paleo-Tethys to the Paleo-Pacific regimes. Earth-Science Reviews, 241: 104404.

    • Xu Xianbing, Zhang Yueqiao, Shu Liangshu, Jia Dong. 2011. La-ICP-MS U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the sheared metamorphic rocks in the Wuyishan: Constraints on the timing of Early Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic tectono-thermal events in SE China. Tectonophysics, 501(1~4): 71~86.

    • Xu Xisheng, O'Reilly S Y, Griffin W L, Zhou Xinmin. 2000. Genesis of young lithospheric mantle in southeastern China: An LAM-ICPMS trace element study. Journal of Petrology, 41(1): 111~148.

    • Xu Xisheng, Xie Xin. 2005. Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic basaltic rocks and crust-mantle interaction, SE China. Geological Journal of China Universities, (3): 318~334(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xu Xisheng, Zhao Kai, He Zhenyu, Liu Lei, Hong Wentao. 2021. Cretaceous volcanic-plutonic magmatism in SE China and a genetic model. Lithos, 402~403: 105728.

    • Xu Yajun, Cawood P A, Du Yuansheng, Hu Lisha, Yu Wenchao, Zhu Yanhui, Li Wenchao. 2013. Linking South China to northern Australia and India on the margin of Gondwana: Constraints from detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes in Cambrian strata. Tectonics, 32(6): 1547~1558.

    • Xu Yajun, Cawood P A, Du Yuansheng. 2016. Intraplate orogenesis in response to Gondwana assembly: Kwangsian Orogeny, South China. American Journal of Science, 316(4): 329~362.

    • Xu Yigang. 1999. Roles of thermo mechanic and chemical erosion in continental lithospheric thinning. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, (1): 3~7.

    • Yan Danping, Zhou Meifu, Song Honglin, Wang Xinwen, Malpas J. 2003. Origin and tectonic significance of a Mesozoic multi-layer over-thrust system within the Yangtze block (South China). Tectonophysics, 361(3~4): 239~254.

    • Yan Danping, Zhang Bing, Zhou Meifu, Wei Guoqing, Song Honglin, Liu Shaofeng. 2009. Constraints on the depth, geometry and kinematics of blind detachment faults provided by fault-propagation folds: An example from the Mesozoic fold belt of South China. Journal of Structural Geology, 31(2): 150~162.

    • Yan Lili, He Zhenyu, Jahn B M, Zhao Zhidan. 2016. Formation of the Yandangshan volcanic-plutonic complex (SE China) by melt extraction and crystal accumulation. Lithos, 266~267: 287~308.

    • Yan Lili, He Zhenyu, Beier C, Klemd R. 2018. Zircon trace element constrains on the link between volcanism and plutonism in SE China. Lithos, 320~321: 28~34.

    • Yan Qinghe, Li Shasha, Qiu Zengwang, Wang He, Wei Xiaopeng, Dong Rui, Zhang Xiaoyu. 2017. Geochronology, geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf-S-Pb isotopes of the Early Cretaceous Taoxihu Sn deposit and related granitoids, SE China. Ore Geology Reviews, 89: 350~368.

    • Yan Qinghe, Wang He, Wu Yangming, Chi Guoxiang. 2021. Simultaneous development of arc-like and OIB-like mafic dikes in eastern Guangdong, SE China: Implications for Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous tectonic setting and deep geodynamic processes of South China. Lithos, 388~389: 106021.

    • Yang Dongsheng, Li Xianhua, Li Wuxian, Liang Xinquan, Long Wenguo, Xiong Xiaolin. 2010. U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology of the Baiyunshan gneiss (central Guangdong, South China): Constraints onthe timing of early Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tectonothermal events in the Wuyun (Wuyi-Yunkai) Orogen. Geological Magazine, 147(4): 481~496.

    • Yang Fan. 2018. Research on tectonic process and formation age of the detachment fault of the Lushan metamorphic core complex. Doctoral dissertation of Hefei University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yang Jinbao, Zhao Zhidan, Hou Qingye, Niu Yaoling, Mo Xuanxue, Sheng Dan, Wang Lili. 2018. Petrogenesis of Cretaceous (133-84 Ma) intermediate dykes and host granites in southeastern China: Implications for lithospheric extension, continental crustal growth, and geodynamics of Palaeo-Pacific subduction. Lithos, 296~299: 195~211.

    • Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Kuidong, Fan Honghai. 2010. Zircon U-Pb geochronology, Hf isotopic composition and geological implications of the rhyodacite and rhyodacitic porphyry in the Xiangshan uranium ore field, Jiangxi Province, China. Science China Earth Sciences, 53(10): 1411~1426.

    • Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Jiang Yaohui, Zhao Kuidong, Fan Honghai. 2011. Geochemical, zircon U-Pb dating and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic constraints on the age and petrogenesis of an Early Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive complex at Xiangshan, Southeast China. Mineralogy and Petrology, 101(1): 21~48.

    • Yang Shuiyuan, Jiang Shaoyong, Zhao Kuidong, Jiang Yaohui, Ling Hongfei, Luo Li. 2012. Geochronology, geochemistry and tectonic significance of two Early Cretaceous A-type granites in the Gan-Hang Belt, Southeast China. Lithos, 150: 155~170.

    • Yang Wei, Zhang Hongfu. 2012. Zircon geochronology and Hf isotopic composition of Mesozoic magmatic rocks from Chizhou, the Lower Yangtze Region: Constraints on their relationship with Cu-Au mineralization. Lithos, 150: 37~48.

    • Yao Jinlong, Cawood P A, Shu Liangshu, Zhao Guochun. 2019. Jiangnan orogen, South China: A ~970-820 Ma Rodinia margin accretionary belt. Earth-Science Reviews, 196: 102872.

    • Yin An, Harrison T M. 2000. Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 28: 211~280.

    • Yu Jinhai, Zhou Xinmin, Reilly, Y S O, Zhao Lei, Griffin, W L, Wang Rucheng, Wang Lijuan, Chen Xiaoming. 2005. Formation age and Sedimentary rocks of basement granulite facies metamorphic rocks in Eastern Nanling: U-Pb-Hf isotope research of zircon. Chinese Science Bulletin, 50: 1758~1767(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yu Jinhai, Wang Lijuan, O'Reilly S Y, Griffin W L, Zhang Ming, Li Chunzhong, Shu Liangshu. 2009. A Paleoproterozoic orogeny recorded in a long-lived cratonic remnant (Wuyishan terrane), eastern Cathaysia Block, China. Precambrian Research, 174(3~4): 347~363.

    • Yu Jinhai, O'Reilly S Y, Zhou Meifu, Griffin W L, Wang Lijuan. 2012. U-Pb geochronology and Hf-Nd isotopic geochemistry of the Badu complex, southeastern China: Implications for the Precambrian crustal evolution and paleogeography of the Cathaysia Block. Precambrian Research, 222~223: 424~449.

    • Yu Jinhai, Lou Fasheng, Wang Lijuan, Shen Linwei, Zhou Xueyao, Zhang Chunhui, Huang Zhizhong. 2014. The geological significance of a Paleozoic mafic granulite found in the Yiyang area of northeastern Jiangxi Province. Chinese Science Bulletin, 35: 3508~3516(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Guowei, Guo Anlin, Wang Yuejun, Li Sanzhong, Dong Yunpeng, Liu Shaofeng, He Dengfa, Cheng Shunyou, Lu Rukui, Yao Anping. 2013. Tectonic and problems of South China. Scientia Sinica(Terrae) , 43(10): 1553~1582(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Haijiang, Lü Qingtian, Wang Xiaolei, Han Shoucheng, Liu Lijun, Gao Lei, Wang Rui, Hou Zengqian. 2023. Seismically imaged lithospheric delamination and its controls on the Mesozoic magmatic province in South China. Nature Communications, 14: 2718.

    • Zhang Kaijun, Cai Jianxin. 2009. NE-SW-trending Hepu-Hetai dextral shear zone in southern China: Penetration of the Yunkaipromontory of South China into Indochina. Journal of Structural Geology, 31(7): 737~748.

    • Zhang Qi, Qian Qing, Wang Erqi, Wang Yan, Zhao Taiping, Hao Jie, Guo Guangjun. 2001. An East China Plateau in Mid-Late Yanshannian Perios: Implication from adakites. Chinese Journal of Geology (Scientia Geologica Sinica), 36(2): 248~255(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Yueqiao, Xu Xianbing, Jia Dong, Shu Liangshu. 2009. Deformation record of the change from Indosinian collision-related tectonic system to Yanshanian subduction-related tectonic system in South China during the Early Mesozoic. Earth Science Frontiers, 16(1): 234~247(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Yueqiao, Dong Shuwen, Li Jianhua, Cui Jianjun, Shi Wei, Su Jinbao, Li Yong. 2012. The new progress in the study of Mesozoic tectonics of South China. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 33(3): 257~279(in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhao G. 1999. Tectonothermal evolution of the Mayuan assemblage in the Cathaysia Block: Implications for Neoproterozoic collision-related assembly of the South China Craton. American Journal of Science, 299(4): 309~339.

    • Zhao Guochun. 2015. Jiangnan Orogen in South China: Developing from divergent double subduction. Gondwana Research, 27(3): 1173~1180.

    • Zhao Guochun, Cawood P A. 2012. Precambrian geology of China. Precambrian Research, 222~223: 13~54.

    • Zhao Guochun, Wang Yuejun, Huang Baochun, Dong Yunpeng, Li Sanzhong, Zhang Guowei, Yu Shan. 2018. Geological reconstructions of the East Asian blocks: From the breakup of Rodinia to the assembly of Pangea. Earth-Science Reviews, 186: 262~286.

    • Zhao Lei, Zhou Xiwen, Zhai Mingguo, Santosh M, Geng Yuansheng. 2015. Zircon U-Th-Pb-Hf isotopes of the basement rocks in northeastern Cathaysia block, South China: Implications for Phanerozoic multiple metamorphic reworking of a Paleoproterozoic terrane. Gondwana Research, 28(1): 246~261.

    • Zheng Jianping. 1999. Mesozoic-Cenozoic Mantle Replacement and Lithospheric Thinning, East China. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).

    • Zheng Jianping, Griffin W L, O'Reilly S Y, Zhang Ming, Pearson N, Pan Yuanming. 2006. Widespread Archean basement beneath the Yangtze craton. Geology, 34(6): 417.

    • Zhou Xinmin, Li Wuxian. 2000. Origin of Late Mesozoic igneous rocks in southeastern China: Implications for lithosphere subduction and underplating of mafic magmas. Tectonophysics, 326(3~4): 269~287.

    • Zhou Xinmin, Sun Tao, Shen Weizhou, Shu Liangshu, Niu Yaoling. 2006. Petrogenesis of Mesozoic granitoids and volcanic rocks in South China: A response to tectonic evolution. Episodes, 29(1): 26~33.

    • 邓晋福, 刘厚祥, 赵海玲, 罗照华, 郭正府, 李玉文. 1996. 燕辽地区燕山期火成岩与造山模型. 现代地质, 10(2): 137~148.

    • 邓晋福, 苏尚国, 赵海玲, 莫宣学, 肖庆辉, 周肃, 刘翠, 赵国春. 2003. 华北地区燕山期岩石圈减薄的深部过程. 地学前缘, 10(3): 41~50.

    • 董树文, 张岳桥, 陈宣华, 龙长兴, 王涛, 杨振宇, 胡健民. 2008.晚侏罗世东亚多向汇聚构造体系的形成与变形特征.地球学报, 29(3): 306~317.

    • 侯增谦, 潘小菲, 杨志明, 曲晓明等. 2007. 初论大陆环境斑岩铜矿. 现代地质, 21(2): 332~351.

    • 皇甫鹏鹏, 王岳军, 范蔚茗, 李忠海, 王喻鸣, 周永智. 2016. 大洋平板俯冲的数值模拟再现: 洋-陆汇聚速率影响, 大地构造与成矿学, 40(3): 429~445.

    • 李三忠, 张勇, 郭玲莉, 索艳慧, 曹花花, 李玺瑶, 周在征. 2017. 那丹哈达地体及周缘中生代变形与增生造山过程. 地学前缘, 24(4): 200~212.

    • 李三忠, 索艳慧, 李玺瑶, 王永明, 曹现志, 王鹏程, 郭玲莉, 于胜尧, 兰浩圆, 李少俊, 赵淑娟, 周在征, 张臻, 张国伟. 2018. 西太平洋中生代板块俯冲过程与东亚洋陆过渡带构造-岩浆响应. 科学通报, 63 (16): 1550~1593.

    • 李献华. 2021. 超大陆裂解的主要驱动力——地幔柱或深俯冲?. 地质学报, 95(1): 20~31.

    • 路凤香, 郑建平, 李伍平, 陈美华, 成中梅. 2000. 中国东部显生宙地幔演化的主要样式: “蘑菇云”模型. 地学前缘, 7(1): 97~108.

    • 毛景文, 谢桂青, 李晓峰, 张长青, 梅燕雄. 2004. 华南地区中生代大规模成矿作用与岩石圈多阶段伸展. 地学前缘, 11(1): 45~55.

    • 毛景文, 谢桂青, 郭春丽, 袁顺达, 程彦博, 陈毓川. 2008. 华南地区中生代主要金属矿床时空分布规律和成矿环境. 高校地质学报, 14(4): 510~526.

    • 任纪舜. 1990. 论中国南部的大地构造. 地质学报, 4: 275~288.

    • 吴福元, 孙德有. 1999. 中国东部中生代岩浆作用与岩石圈减薄. 长春科技大学学报, (4): 313~318.

    • 吴福元, 孙德有, 张广良, 任向文. 2000. 论燕山运动的深部地球动力学本质. 高校地质学报, 6(3): 379~388.

    • 吴福元, 葛文春, 孙德有, 郭春丽. 2003. 中国东部岩石圈减薄研究中的几个问题. 地学前缘, 10(3): 51~57.

    • 邢光福, 郑剑波, 沈加林, 江茂求, 钱迈平, 姜杨, 靳国栋, 段政. 2013. 福建泰宁世界地质公园丹霞红层研究. 地层学杂志, 37(1): 18~24.

    • 徐夕生, 谢昕. 2005. 中国东南部晚中生代—新生代玄武岩与壳幔作用. 高校地质学报, (3): 318~334.

    • 徐先兵. 2011. 武夷山地区显生宙构造变形与年代学研究. 南京大学博士毕业论文.

    • 徐义刚. 1999. 岩石圈的热-机械侵蚀和化学侵蚀与岩石圈减薄. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, (1): 3~7.

    • 杨帆. 2018. 庐山变质核杂岩拆离滑脱带的构造过程及其形成时代研究. 合肥工业大学博士论文.

    • 于津海, 周新民, Reilly Y S O, 赵蕾, Griffin W L, 王汝成, 王丽娟, 陈小明. 2005. 南岭东段基底麻粒岩相变质岩的形成时代和原岩性质: 锆石的 U-Pb-Hf 同位素研究. 科学通报, 50: 1758~1767.

    • 于津海, 楼法生, 王丽娟, 沈林伟, 周雪瑶, 张春晖, 黄志忠. 2014. 赣东北弋阳早古生代麻粒岩的发现及其地质意义. 科学通报, 35: 3508~3516.

    • 张国伟, 郭安林, 王岳军, 李三忠, 董云鹏, 刘少峰, 何登发, 程顺有, 鲁如魁, 姚安平. 2013. 中国华南大陆构造与问题.中国科学: 地球科学, 43(10): 1553~1582.

    • 张旗, 钱青, 王二七, 王焰, 赵太平, 郝杰, 郭光军. 2001. 燕山中晚期的中国东部高原: 埃达克岩的启示. 地质科学, 36(2): 248~255.

    • 张岳桥, 徐先兵, 贾东, 舒良树. 2009. 华南早中生代从印支期碰撞构造体系向燕山期俯冲构造体系转换的形变记录. 地学前缘, 16(1): 234~247.

    • 张岳桥, 董树文, 李建华, 崔建军, 施炜, 苏金宝, 李勇. 2012. 华南中生代大地构造研究新进展. 地球学报, 33(3): 257~279.

    • 郑建平. 1999. 中国东部地幔置换作用与中新生代岩石圈减薄. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.