en
×

分享给微信好友或者朋友圈

使用微信“扫一扫”功能。
作者简介:

宋英凡,男,1999年生。硕士,主要从事石炭纪古环境研究。E-mail:mg20290045@smail.nju.edu.cn。

通讯作者:

王向东,男,1962年生。博士,教授,主要从事石炭纪生物地层学和年代地层学研究。E-mail:xdwang@nju.edu.cn。

参考文献
Allen J R, Wiggins W D. 1993. Dolomite reservoirs: Geochemical techniques for evaluating origin and distribution. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 36: 1~109.
参考文献
Barnett A J, Wright V P. 2008. A sedimentological and cyclostratigraphic evaluation of the completeness of the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian (Mid-Carboniferous) global stratotype section and point, Arrow Canyon, Nevada, USA. Journal of the Geological Society, 165(4): 859~873.
参考文献
Bialik O M, Wang Xiaomin, Zhao Shugao, Waldmann N D, Frank R, Li Weiqiang. 2018. Mg isotope response to dolomitization in hinterland-attached carbonate platforms: Outlook of δ26Mg as a tracer of basin restriction and seawater Mg/Ca ratio. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 235: 189~207.
参考文献
Buggisch W, Joachimski M M, Sevastopulo G, Morrow J R. 2008. Mississippian δ13Ccarb and conodont apatite δ18O records—Their relation to the Late Palaeozoic Glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 268(3-4): 273~292.
参考文献
Chen Bo, Joachimski M M, Wang Xiangdong, Shen Shuzhong, Qi Yuping, Qie Wenkun. 2016. Ice volume and paleoclimate history of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age from conodont apatite oxygen isotopes from Naqing (Guizhou, China). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 448: 151~161.
参考文献
Chen Conglin, Shi Xiaoying. 2006. Sedimentary and tectonic evolution of Late Paleozoic deep-water strata in the Youjiang basin. Geology in China, 33(2): 436~443 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Chen Haoru. 2010. Lithofacies-Palaeogeography and ancient karst characteristics of carboniferous in eastern Sichuan basin. Master's thesis of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Chen Hongming, Wu Xianghe, Zhang Ying, Li Yaoxi, Wen Qiongying, Fu Dexin, Yan Chengxi, Liu Weihong, Chen Wenyi, Wang Dongpo. 1994. Carboniferous Lithofacies, Paleogeography and Mineralization in South China. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Chen Huacheng, Xia Guangsheng, Xiao Ligong, Hu Shizhong, Yu Xueguang, Wang Yunhui, Zhu Deshou, Jin Fuquan, Ying Zhong'e, Zhang Ying, Qi Dunlun, Li Yufa, Shen Hou, Li Changwen. 1984. Age assignment and correlation of the dolomite of the lower Huanglong limestone in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui. Journal of Stratigraphy, 8(3): 165~178+239~240 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Chen Jitao, Sheng Qingyi, Hu Keyi, Yao Le, Lin Wei, Montañez I P, Tian Xiaoxu, Qi Yuping, Wang Xiangdong. 2018. Late Mississippian glacio-eustasy recorded in the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean (South China). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 531(Part B): 108873.
参考文献
Dong Zhizhong, Ji Qiang. 1988. Carboniferous conodont biostratigraphy of Ninglang-Lijiang area, Yunnan Province. Proffessional Papers of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology, 22: 35~65 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Eros J M, Montañez I P, Osleger D A, Davydov V I, Nemyrovska T I, Poletaev V I, Zhykalyak M V. 2012. Reply to the comment on “Sequence stratigraphy and onlap history of the Donets basin, Ukraine: Insight into Carboniferous icehouse dynamics”. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 363-364: 187~191.
参考文献
Fang Shaoxian, Hou Fanghao, Dong Zhaoxiong, Zhu Xiaohui. 1999. Formation models of Devonian and Carboniferous dolomites in Guizhou-Guangxi region. Oil & Gas Geology, 20(1): 36~40 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Feng Shaonan, Xu Shouyong, Lin Jiaxing, Yang Deli et al. 1984. Biostratigraphy of the Yangtze Gorges Area (3) Late Palaeozoic Era. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Feng Shaonan, Zhang Renjie. 1999. Reunderstanding about several problems on Dapu Formation in western Hubei Province. Geology and Mineral Resources of South China, 3: 51~55 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Feng Zengzhao, Yang Yuqing, Bao Zhidong, Jin Zhenkui, Zhang Yuqing, Wu Xianghe, Qi Dunlun. 1998. Lithofacies Palaeogeography of the Carboniferous in South China. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Feng Zengzhao, Yang Yuqing, Bao Zhidong. 1999. Lithofacies Palaeogeography of the Carboniferous in South China. Journal of Palaeogeography, 1(1): 75~86 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Fujian Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1985. Regional Geology of Fujian Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Guangdong Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1988. Regional Geology of Guangdong Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Guangdong Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1996. Guangdong Province Rock Strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).
参考文献
Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 2008. Guizhou Province rock strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).
参考文献
Guizhou Institute of Geological survey. 2017. Regional Geology of China, Guizhou Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Haq B U, Schutter S R. 2008. A chronology of paleozoic sea-level changes. Science, 322: 64~68.
参考文献
He Yunlan, Liu Bo, Qin Shan. 2010. Study on the dolomitization and dolostone genesis. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 46(6): 1010~1020 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Hu Zhonggui. 2009. Study of dolomite genesis and diagenesis system of Huanglong Formation of Carboniferous in eastern Sichuan-northern Chongqing area. Doctoral dissertation of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Hu Zhonggui, Zheng Rongcai, Hu Jiuzhen, Wen Huaguo, Li Yu, Wen Qibing, Xu Fabo. 2009. Geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements of Huanglong Formation dolomites reservoirs in eastern Sichuan-northern Chongqing area. Acta Geologica Sinica, 83(6): 782~790 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Hu Zhongya, Li Weiqiang, Zhang Hua, Krainer K, Zheng Quanfeng, Xia Zhiguang, Hu Wenxuan, Shen Shuzhong. 2021a. Mg isotope evidence for restriction events within the Paleotethys ocean around the Permian-Triassic transition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 556: 116704.
参考文献
Hu Zhongya, Bialik O M, Hohl S V, Xia Zhiguang, Waldmann N D, Liu Chuan, Li Weiqiang. 2021b. Response of Mg isotopes to dolomitization during fluctuations in sea level: Constraints on the hydrological conditions of massive dolomitization systems. Sedimentary Geology, 420: 105922
参考文献
Huang Baochun, Otofuji Y I, Zhu Rixiang, Shi Ruiping, Wang Yongcheng. 2001. Paleomagnetism of Carboniferous sediments in the Hexi corridor: Its origin and tectonic implications. Earth & Planetary Science Letters, 194(1-2): 135~149.
参考文献
Huang Xing, Aretz M, Zhang Xionghua, Du Yuansheng, Qie Wenkun, Wen Qin, Wang Changnan, Luan Tengfei. 2018. Pennsylvanian-Early Permian palaeokarst development on the Yangtze Platform, South China, and implications for the regional sea-level history. Geological Journal, 53(4): 1241~1262.
参考文献
Hunan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1988. Regional Geology of Hunan Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Isbell J L, Miller M F, Wolfe K L, Lenaker P A. 2003. Timing of Late Paleozoic glaciation in Gondwana: Was glaciation responsible for the development of Northern Hemisphere cyclothems? Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, 370: 5~24.
参考文献
Jiangxi Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 2017. Regional Geology of China, Jiangxi Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Jin Yugan, Fan Yingnian, Wang Xiangdong, Wang Rennong et al. 2000. Stratigraphical Lexicon of China-Carboniferous. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Kabanov P B, Alekseev A S, Gibshman N B, Gabdullin R R, Bershov A V. 2016. The upper Viséan-Serpukhovian in the type area for the Serpukhovian Stage (Moscow basin, Russia), Part 1: Sequences, disconformities, and biostratigraphic summary. Geological Journal, 51(2): 163~194.
参考文献
K1rmac1 M Z, Akdağ K. 2005. Origin of dolomite in the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene limestone turbidites, eastern Pontides, Turkey. Sedimentary Geology, 181: 39~57.
参考文献
Kuang Guodun, Li Jiaxiang, Zhoug Keng, Su Yibao, Tao Yebin. 1999. Carboniferous of Guangxi. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Lane H R, Brenckle P L, Baesemann J F, Richards B. 1999. The IUGS boundary in the middle of the Carboniferous: Arrow Canyon, Nevada, USA. Episodes, 22(4): 272~283.
参考文献
Li Bin, Hu Bowen, Luo Qun. 2018. Tectonic sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary environment evolution of prototype basin in middle and upper Yangtze region. Coal Science and Technology, 46(2): 19~27 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Shuangying, Jin Fuquan, Huang Qisheng, Yan Huaixue. 2000. Study of the Carboniferous sequence strata and evolution of the Lower Yangtze basin. Geology of Anhui, 10(4): 241~247 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Shuangying, Jin Fuquan. 1994. Carboniferous palaeography in the lower Yangtze basin. Journal of Hefei University of Technology, 17(3): 167~174 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Tiesheng. 1993. Diagenetic epigenesis of the Carboniferous carbonates and formations of its dolomite. Geology of Chemical Minerals, 15(1): 33~41 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Yaoxi, Chen Hongming. 1984. Distribution rule in time and space of the dolomite member of Huanglong Formation in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces and its diachronous mechanism. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 49~58 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Ying, Wang Xiangdong, Hu Keyi, Huang Xing, Zhang Shuichang, Zhang Bin, Qi Yuping, Chen Jitao, Yao Le. 2021. Lithostratigraphic subdivision and correlation of the Carboniferous in China. Journal of Stratigraphy, 45(3): 303~318 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Yufa, Zhou Guangxin, Zhang Jiansheng, He Limin, Pei Jian. 1984. On the age of Laohudong dolomite and its diachronous characteristics. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 138~145 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Li Zubing, Xiao Yao, Liu Jun, Liu Yongliang, Ou Jiaqiang. 2021. Theory and Technology of Dolomite Genetic Mechanism Analysis. Beijing: China Science Press (in Chinese).
参考文献
Liao Zhuoting, Wang Xiangdong, Wang Wei, Qi Yuping, Chen Bo, Zhang Yiqiang, Zhang Feng, Lin Wei, Feng Zhuo. 2010. The Carboniferous strata in MT·Longmen. Journal of Stratigraphy, 34(4): 349~362 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Lin Jiaxing, Li Hanming, Chen Jiahuai. 1984. The foraminifera assemblages (Zones) in the Huanglong Formation, west Hubei and their indication significance for the distribution of coal-rich zone in the Ma'an coal series. Mineral Deposits, 3(3): 85~94 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Liu Chao, Xie Qingbin, Wang Guiwen, He Wengang, Song Yifan, Tang Yong, Wang Yuhan. 2017. Rare earth element characteristics of the carboniferous Huanglong Formation dolomites in eastern Sichuan basin, Southwest China: Implications for origins of dolomitizing and diagenetic fluids. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 81: 33~49.
参考文献
Liu Shiyu, Hu Mingyi, Hu Zhonggui, Dai Weiyan. 2015. Dolomite genesis of Carboniferous Huanglong Formation in eastern Sichuan basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 27(4): 40~46 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Long Ke. 2010. Carboniferous sequence lithofacies Palaeogeography characteristic and its evolution in south Guizhou and middle Guangxi. Master's thesis of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Ma Hongjie, Zhang Shitao, Chen Xianfeng, Sui Sugang. 2014. Geochemical characteristics and genetic analysis of Carboniferous dolomite in Huize basin, Yunnan. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 32(1): 118~125 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Machel H G. 2004. Concepts and models of dolomitization: A critical reappraisal. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 235: 7~63.
参考文献
Machel H G, Mountjoy E W. 1986. Chemistry and environments of dolomitization-a reappraisal. Earth Science Reviews, 23: 175~222.
参考文献
McHargue T R, Price R C. 1982. Dolomite from clay in argillaceous or shale-associated marine carbonates. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 52: 873~886.
参考文献
Miao Zhuowei, Gong Enpu, Zhang Yongli, Guan Changqing, Huang Wentao. 2020. Burial dolomitization, the genesis of dolomite in the Dapu Formation (Upper Carboniferous), Guixinan area, Youjiang basin, Southwest China: Petrologic and geochemical evidence. Carbonates and Evaporites, 35(2): 1~14.
参考文献
Mii H S, Grossman E L, Yancey T E, Chuvashov B, Egorov A. 2001. Isotopic records of brachiopod shells from the Russian Platform—Evidence for the onset of Mid-Carboniferous glaciation. Chemical Geology, 175(1-2): 133~147.
参考文献
Montañez I P, Poulsen C J. 2013. The Late Paleozoic ice age: An evolving paradigm. Annual Review of Earth & Planetary Sciences, 41: 629~656.
参考文献
Qie Wenkun, Algeo T J, Luo Genming, Herrmann A. 2019. Global events of the Late Paleozoic (Early Devonian to Middle Permian): A review-science direct. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 531(Part A): 109259.
参考文献
Rosa E L M, Isbell J L. 2021. Late Paleozoicglaciation. Encyclopedia of Geology (Second Edition), 534~545.
参考文献
Rygel M C, Fielding C R, Frank T D, Birgenheier L P. 2008. The magnitude of Late Paleozoic glacioeustatic fluctuations: A synthesis. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 78(8): 500~511.
参考文献
Shi Guangrong, Waterhouse J B. 2010. Late Palaeozoic global changes affecting high-latitude environments and biotas: An introduction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 298(1-2): 1~16.
参考文献
Shi Yukun, Liu Jiarun, Yang Xiangning, Zhu Liming. 2009. Fusulinid faunas from the Datangian to Chihsian strata of the Zongdi section in Ziyun County, Guizhou Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 26(1): 1~30 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Tian Xiaoxu, Chen Jitao, Yao Le, Hu Keyi, Qi Yuping, Wang Xiangdong. 2020. Glacio-eustasy and δ13C across the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian boundary in the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean (South China): Implications for Mid-Carboniferous major glaciation. Geological Journal, 55: 2704~2716.
参考文献
Ueno K, Hayakawa N, Nakazawa T, Wang Yue, Wang Xiangdong. 2013. Pennsylvanian-Early Permian cyclothemic succession on the Yangtze Carbonate Platform, South China. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 376(1): 235~267.
参考文献
Wang Xiangdong, Qie Wenkun, Sheng Qingyi, Qi Yuping, Wang Yue, Liao Zhuoting, Shen Shuzhong, Ueno K. 2013. Carboniferous and Lower Permian sedimentological cycles and biotic events of South China. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 376(1): 33~46.
参考文献
Wang Xiangdong, Hu Keyi, Huang Xing, Qiao Li, Wang Qiulai, Shen Yang, Sheng Qingyi, Li Xiaoming, Lin Wei, Shi Yukun. 2020. Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Index Fossils of China. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Wang Zhigen, Zhao Jiaming. 1989. Carboniferous Corals in Huize, Yunnan. Acta Palaeotologica Sinica, 28(1): 79~97+139~142 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Wang Zhongcheng, Wu Haoruo, Kuang Guodun. 1997. Characteristics of the Late Palaeozoic oceanic basalts and their eruptive environments in west Guangxi. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 13(2): 135~140 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Warren J. 2000. Dolomite: Occurrence, evolution and economically important. Earth-Science Reviews, 52(1): 1~81.
参考文献
Wu Qi, Li Ximin. 1982. The stratigraphical division and stratigraphic correlation in the Carboniferous period in Fujian Province. Geology of Fujian, 1: 32~48+107~112 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Xia Bangdong. 1959. Several problems about lower part dolostone of the Mid-Carboniferous Huanglong-limestone in M. T. Ningzhen. Geological Review, 5: 212~215 (in Chinese).
参考文献
Xie Shenggang, Tan Zhengxiu. 1983. The middle and upper Carboniferous division and fusulinid zones in central Hunan. Geology of Hunan, 2(2): 18~25 (in Chinese).
参考文献
Yan Tiezeng, Qin Zhaosong, Wang De'en, Wang Jianguo, Xu Xingmiao, Cai Zihua. 2004. Stratigraphic division and correlation of the Laohudong Formation and Huanglong Formation in Zhejiang. Geology in China, 31(3): 278~283 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Yin Hongfu, Wu Shunbao, Du Yuansheng, Peng Yuanqiao. 1999. South China defined as part of Tethyan archipelagic ocean system. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 24(1): 1~12 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Ying Zhong'e. 1984. Conodonts from the basal dolomite of Huanglong Formation in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces and its stratigraphical significance. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 14~26+163~165 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Ying Zhong'e, Wang Yunhui, Chen Huacheng, Zhang Ying, Bi Zhongqi. 1986. Age of the Laohudong dolomite in Nanjing area. Journal of Stratigraphy, 10(3): 216~220+252 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Ying Zhong'e. 1987. Carboniferous conodonts from Jiangsu and Anhui region. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 8(2): 92~98+149~150 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Yue Wenzhe, Wei Naiyi. 1991. Genetic mechanism of the Carboniferous Laohudong dolomite and the secondary “megacrystalline limestone” in the lower Yangtze area. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 12(1): 52~65 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1990. Regional Geology of Yunnan Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1996. Yunnan Province Rock Strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).
参考文献
Zhang Jianyong, Guo Qingxin, Shou Jianfeng, Wang Bin, Pan Liyin, Zhou Jingao. 2013. Control of Neogene global eustasy on dolomitization: Revelation to the origin of dolomitization in palaeostrata. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 18(4): 46~52 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Zhang Xuefeng, Hu Wenxuan, Zhang Juntao. 2006. Crtical problems for dolomite formation and dolomitization models. Geological Science and Technology Information, 25(5): 32~40 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Zhang Ying, Chen Hongming, Tang Zairu. 1984. Some genetic characteristics of Laohudong dolomite. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 67~80+166~167 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
Zheng Rongcai, Peng Jun, Gao Hongcan. 2003. Palaeokarst-related characteristics and cycles of carbonate reservoirs in Huanglong Formation, upper Carboniferous, eastern Chongqing. Geology-Geochemistry, 31(1): 28~35 (in Chinese with English abstract).
参考文献
陈丛林, 史晓颖. 2006. 右江盆地晚古生代深水相地层沉积构造演化. 中国地质, 33(2): 436~443.
参考文献
陈浩如. 2010. 四川盆地东部石炭系岩相古地理及古岩溶地貌特征. 成都理工大学硕士学位论文.
参考文献
陈宏明, 吴祥和, 张瑛, 李耀西, 文琼英, 傅德鑫, 颜承锡, 刘卫红, 陈文一, 王东坡. 1994. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理与成矿作用. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
陈华成, 夏广胜, 肖立功, 胡世忠, 俞学光, 王云慧, 朱德寿, 金福全, 应中锷, 张瑛, 齐敦伦, 李玉发, 沈后, 李昌文. 1984. 苏浙皖地区黄龙灰岩下部白云岩时代的归属及对比. 地层学杂志, 8(3): 165~178+239~240.
参考文献
董致中, 季强. 1988. 云南宁蒗, 丽江地区石炭纪牙形石生物地层. 地层古生物论文集, 22: 35~65.
参考文献
方少仙, 侯方浩, 董兆雄, 朱晓惠. 1999. 黔桂泥盆、石炭系白云岩的形成模式. 石油与天然气地质, 20(1): 36~40.
参考文献
冯少南, 许寿永, 林甲兴, 杨德骊等. 1984. 长江三峡地区生物地层学(3)晚古生代分册. 北京: 地质出版社, 38~44.
参考文献
冯少南, 张仁杰. 1999. 鄂西地区大埔组几个问题的新认识. 华南地质与矿产, 3: 51~55.
参考文献
冯增昭, 杨玉卿, 鲍志东. 1998. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
冯增昭, 杨玉卿, 鲍志东. 1999. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理. 古地理学报, 1(1): 75~86.
参考文献
福建省地质矿产局. 1985. 福建省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
广东省地质矿产局. 1988. 广东省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
广东省地质矿产局. 1996. 广东省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.
参考文献
贵州省地质调查院. 2017. 中国区域地质志: 贵州志. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
贵州省地质矿产局. 1996. 贵州地层典. 贵阳: 贵州科技出版社.
参考文献
贵州省地质矿产局. 2008. 贵州省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.
参考文献
赫云兰, 刘波, 秦善. 2010. 白云石化机理与白云岩成因问题研究. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 46(6): 1010~1020.
参考文献
胡忠贵. 2009. 川东—渝北地区石炭系白云岩成因与成岩系统研究. 成都理工大学博士学位论文.
参考文献
胡忠贵, 郑荣才, 胡九珍, 文华国, 李瑜, 文其兵, 徐发波. 2009. 川东—渝北地区黄龙组白云岩储层稀土元素地球化学特征. 地质学报, 83(6): 782~790.
参考文献
湖南省地质矿产局. 1988. 湖南省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
江西省地质矿产勘察开发局. 2017. 中国区域地质志: 江西志. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
金玉玕, 范影年, 王向东等. 2000. 中国地层典: 石炭系. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
邝国敦, 李家骧, 钟铿, 苏一保, 陶业斌等. 1999. 广西的石炭系. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.
参考文献
李斌, 胡博文, 罗群. 2018. 中、上扬子地区构造层序地层及原型盆地沉积环境演化. 煤炭科学技术, 46(2): 19~27.
参考文献
李双应, 金福全. 1994. 下扬子盆地石炭纪的古地理. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 17(3): 167~174.
参考文献
李双应, 金福全, 黄其胜, 颜怀学. 2000. 下扬子盆地石炭纪层序地层研究及盆地演化. 安徽地质, 10(4): 241~247.
参考文献
李铁生. 1993. 华南石炭系碳酸盐岩成岩后生作用及白云岩的成因. 化工地质, 15(1): 33~41.
参考文献
李耀西, 陈宏明. 1984. 苏浙皖地区黄龙组下部白云岩的时空分布规律及其穿时的机理. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 49~58.
参考文献
李莹, 王向东, 胡科毅, 黄兴, 张水昌, 张斌, 祁玉平, 陈吉涛, 要乐. 2021. 中国石炭纪岩石地层划分和对比. 地层学杂志, 45(3): 303~318.
参考文献
李玉发, 周光新, 张建胜, 贺立民, 裴键. 1984. 安徽巢县老虎洞白云岩的时代归属及其穿时特征. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 138~145.
参考文献
李祖兵, 肖尧, 刘均, 刘永良, 欧家强. 2021. 白云岩成因机理分析理论与技术. 北京: 科学出版社.
参考文献
廖卓庭, 王向东, 王伟, 祁玉平, 陈波, 张燚强, 张峰, 林巍, 冯卓. 2010. 龙门山的石炭系. 地层学杂志, 34(4): 349~362.
参考文献
林甲兴, 黎汉明, 陈家怀. 1984. 鄂西黄龙期有孔虫组合(带)及其与马鞍煤系富煤带分布规律的关系. 矿床地质, 3(3): 85~94.
参考文献
刘诗宇, 胡明毅, 胡忠贵, 戴危艳. 2015. 四川盆地东部石炭系黄龙组白云岩成因. 岩性油气藏, 27(4): 40~46.
参考文献
隆轲. 2010. 黔南—桂中地区石炭纪层序岩相古地理特征及演化. 成都理工大学硕士学位论文.
参考文献
马宏杰, 张世涛, 程先锋, 眭素刚. 2014. 云南会泽石炭系摆佐组白云岩地球化学特征及其成因分析. 沉积学报, 32(1): 118~125.
参考文献
史宇坤, 刘家润, 杨湘宁, 朱李鸣. 2009. 贵州省紫云县宗地剖面早石炭世大塘期—早二叠世栖霞期的类动物群. 微体古生物学报, 26(1): 1~30.
参考文献
王向东, 胡科毅, 黄兴, 乔丽, 王秋来, 沈阳, 盛青怡, 李小铭, 林巍, 史宇坤. 2020. 中国石炭纪地层及标志化石图集. 杭州: 浙江大学出版社.
参考文献
王志根, 赵嘉明. 1989. 云南会泽石炭纪珊瑚. 古生物学报, 28(1): 79~97+139~142.
参考文献
王忠诚, 吴浩若, 邝国敦. 1997. 桂西晚古生代海相玄武岩的特征及其形成环境. 岩石学报, 13(2): 135~140.
参考文献
吴岐, 李希敏. 1982. 福建省石炭纪地层划分与对比. 福建地质, 1: 32~48+107~112.
参考文献
夏邦栋. 1959. 关于宁镇山脉中石炭纪黄龙灰岩下部白云岩的几个问题. 地质论评, 5: 212~215.
参考文献
谢盛刚, 谭正修. 1983. 湘中地区中上石炭统划分及其()类化石分带. 湖南地质, 2(2): 18~25.
参考文献
颜铁增, 覃兆松, 王德恩, 汪建国, 许兴苗, 蔡子华. 2004. 浙江省老虎洞组和黄龙组地层划分与对比. 中国地质, 31(3): 278~283.
参考文献
殷鸿福, 吴顺宝, 杜远生, 彭元桥. 1999. 华南是特提斯多岛洋体系的一部分. 地球科学, 24(1): 1~12.
参考文献
应中锷. 1984. 苏浙皖地区上石炭统黄龙组下部白云岩中的牙形刺及其地层意义. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 14~26+163~165.
参考文献
应中锷. 1987. 苏皖地区石炭纪牙形刺. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 8(2): 92~98+149~150.
参考文献
应中锷, 王云慧, 陈华成, 张瑛, 毕仲其. 1986. 南京地区“老虎洞白云岩”的时代. 地层学杂志, 10(3): 216~220+252.
参考文献
岳文浙, 魏乃颐. 1991. 关于老虎洞白云岩及其上“粗晶灰岩”的形成机制. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 12(1): 52~65.
参考文献
云南省地质矿产局. 1990. 云南省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.
参考文献
云南省地质矿产局. 1996. 云南省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.
参考文献
张建勇, 郭庆新, 寿建峰, 王彬, 潘立银, 周进高. 2013. 新近纪海平面变化对白云石化的控制及对古老层系白云岩成因的启示. 海相油气地质, 18(4): 46~52.
参考文献
张学丰, 胡文瑄, 张军涛. 2006. 白云岩成因相关问题及主要形成模式. 地质科技情报, 25(5): 32~40.
参考文献
张瑛, 陈宏明, 汤再如. 1984. 老虎洞白云岩的成因特征. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 67~80+166~167.
参考文献
郑荣才, 彭军, 高红灿. 2003. 渝东黄龙组碳酸盐岩储层的古岩溶特征和岩溶旋回. 地质地球化学, 31(1): 28~35.
目录contents

    摘要

    石炭纪是地质演化历史上重要的时期,发生了全球规模的海西造山运动,晚古生代大冰期(LPIA)达到峰值,全球海平面频繁波动,导致古气候和古环境的剧烈变化。在华南,石炭纪中期,浅水碳酸盐岩台地相区广泛发育一套白云岩沉积。本文系统总结华南3个主要碳酸盐台地内白云岩的厚度及时代,识别出白云岩时空分布的差异性。结合石炭纪中期全球气候环境特征,认为冰期兴盛引发了全球海平面下降,导致华南各沉积盆地形成利于白云岩化的环境,白云岩得以发育。而白云岩时空分布的差异性可能与各沉积盆地独特的构造演化以及不同成岩模式有关。中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地白云岩的形成模式主要为萨勃哈模式和成岩早期浅埋藏的渗透回流模式,形成相对较薄的白云岩沉积;中南部和西南部碳酸盐岩台地白云岩的形成模式为渗透回流模式,成岩规模较大,沉积较厚。

    Abstract

    Carboniferous is an important period in the geological history when the Hercynian Orogeny occurred and the Late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA) reached its peak, which resulted in frequent fluctuations of eustatic sea level and dramatic changes in palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment. At the Mid-Carboniferous boundary interval, a vast shallow platform dolomitization occurs widely in South China. This paper summarizes the thickness and age of dolostones in three major carbonate platforms in South China, and further clarifies their temporal and spatial distribution. In terms of characteristics of global climate and environment in this interval, we propose that the maximum glaciation could be the cause of eustatic sea-level fall which resulted in the widespread dolomitization in South China. The different temporal distributions of dolostones among sedimentary basins in South China might be related to their independent developing history of basins and different diagenetic patterns. The dolomitization in the Middle-Lower Yangtze Carbonate Platform could be the Sabkha pattern and the seepage-reflux pattern in the early burial stage, therefore, forming relatively thin-bedded dolostone deposits. The thick-bedded dolostones in the Central-southern Carbonate Platform and the southwestern Carbonate Platform could have been formed in the seepage-reflux pattern.

  • 石炭纪是地质演化的重要时期,其中最为著名的是晚古生代大冰期的开始、海西造山运动以及有机碳埋藏及煤的形成。石炭纪中期,我国华南浅水碳酸盐岩台地相区广泛发育一套白云岩沉积,其他地区如北美、欧洲、乌拉尔等地区都没有出现,其厚度在华南各地区有所不同(李铁生,1993),时代归属也有差异。自从21世纪50年代以来,前人对这套白云岩开展了一系列研究,在岩性特征、地球化学成分以及古生物等方面取得了一些重要认识,并据此提出了多种白云岩形成模式:① 原生海水直接沉淀白云石,形成白云岩(夏邦栋,1959);② 海水与淡水混合交代碳酸盐岩形成白云岩(岳文浙等,1991);③ 蒸发作用引起的高盐度卤水交代碳酸盐岩形成白云岩(张瑛等,1984胡忠贵,2009刘诗宇等,2015Liu Chao et al.,2017);④ 成岩早期浅埋藏环境下,卤水渗透回流交代碳酸盐岩形成白云岩(胡忠贵,2009刘诗宇等,2015Liu Chao et al.,2017);⑤ 成岩后期,中—深埋藏环境下,玄武岩蚀变流体交代碳酸盐岩形成白云岩(Miao Zhuowei et al.,2020)。

  • 石炭纪华南总体处于低纬度温暖的海相沉积环境,这套白云岩的形成与全球性地质构造和气候变化之间的关系,不同地区白云岩形成厚度、成岩时代的差异性,及其独特的成因模式,需要进行系统总结和更进一步地研究。

  • 本文依据前人对华南石炭纪中期三个主要碳酸盐岩台地含白云岩层剖面的详细资料,广泛开展地层学及古生物学调查,结合贵州紫云新的化石材料,对白云岩在时间序列上的差异性进行总结,并探讨造成这一差异的原因。最后,根据岩性、地球化学分析结果,结合近年来有关白云岩成因的研究成果,对不同地区石炭纪中期白云岩的空间分布差异及形成模式进行了讨论。

  • 1 古地理背景

  • 华南板块在石炭纪时位于古特提斯洋东缘,属于典型的东特提斯型(殷鸿福等,1999),缺乏明显的造山运动,构造总体稳定,石炭系出露广泛且发育良好,但由于受到不同断裂带的控制,不同地区沉积序列及岩相变化较大(陈宏明等,1994Wang Xiangdong et al.,2020)。受区域古构造、全球海平面升降以及古气候控制,华南石炭纪的岩相古地理格局主要表现为:有陆有海,陆上有剥蚀区和沉积区,而海洋则有台地、斜坡以及盆地相沉积(冯增昭等,1998)。密西西比亚纪,华南地区陆地同时发育剥蚀区和沉积区,海中发育台地、斜坡及盆地相,且台地可分为碎屑岩台地及碳酸盐岩台地两种。到了宾夕法尼亚亚纪,陆地仅发育剥蚀区,沉积区消失。海中盆地面积大为减少,而碳酸盐岩台地面积则空前扩大,碎屑岩台地已经消失。其中碳酸盐岩台地主要包含五个,分别是:中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地、西南部碳酸盐岩台地、中南部碳酸盐岩台地、龙门山碳酸盐岩台地和滇西碳酸盐岩台地(冯增昭等,1999)(图1)。

  • 2 华南石炭纪中期白云岩分布特征

  • 石炭纪中期,华南板块共发育五个碳酸盐岩台地(图1):滇西碳酸盐岩台地、龙门山碳酸盐岩台地、中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地、西南部碳酸盐岩台地以及中南部碳酸盐岩台地。其中,滇西碳酸盐岩台地对应的滇西宁蒗等地区的石炭系为浅水台地相,主要由灰质角砾、鲕粒灰岩、生物碎屑灰岩等组成,未发育白云岩层(董致中等,1988)。龙门山碳酸盐岩台地为台地边缘裂陷带的沉积,层序较为复杂,也未见明显的白云岩层(廖卓庭等,2010李莹等,2021)。而其他三个碳酸盐岩台地均发育不同规模、时代和地质特征的白云岩层(李铁生,1993)。本文通过这三个碳酸盐岩台地内的含白云岩层剖面的横向对比,归纳总结了石炭纪中期我国华南板块白云岩层的时空分布,并探讨其形成模式。

  • 图1 华南石炭纪中期古地理图及各碳酸盐岩台地白云岩分布(改自Feng Zengzhao et al.,1999),五角星代表各碳酸盐岩台地内含白云岩层的剖面,五角星的颜色代表剖面所含白云岩层的厚度

  • Fig.1 Mid-Carboniferous palaeogeographic map of South China and the distribution of dolostone in each carbonate platform (modified from Feng Zengzhao et al., 1999) , the stars represent carbonate platform sections developing dolostone, the thickness of dolostone archive is illustrated by the color of stars

  • 2.1 中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地

  • 中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地位于华南板块的东北部,主要包括长江流域的川东—渝北,湖北宜昌、武汉,安徽安庆,江西北部,江苏南京,浙江北部以及上海一带。其中,中扬子地区包括川东—渝北、湖北及江西北部等地,而下扬子地区则包括江苏、浙江、安徽以及上海等地。

  • 中扬子地区密西西比亚系由浅水碳酸盐岩、陆缘碎屑岩等组成,局部发育含煤地层。宾夕法尼亚亚系分布广泛,以浅水碳酸盐岩沉积为主,下部为局限环境白云岩,中部与上部为浅水台地相灰岩。下扬子地区(苏浙皖地区)在石炭纪时,属于被动大陆边缘,其密西西比亚系主要由灰泥岩、泥粒灰岩、粒泥灰岩、白云岩及陆源碎屑岩等组成,间夹含煤地层。而宾夕法尼亚亚系则主要由生屑泥粒灰岩、粒泥灰岩、颗粒灰岩及白云岩等碳酸盐岩组成(Tian Xiaoxu,2020)。

  • 中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地的西缘(现今川东—渝北地区)宾夕法尼亚亚系黄龙组平行不整合于中志留统韩家店组暗色页岩之上。自下而上可分为:下部硬石膏岩段或次生灰岩段(C2hl1段),中部白云岩段(C2hl2段),上部灰岩段(C2hl3段)(郑荣才等,2003)。其中,白云岩层主要集中在中部的白云岩段,而在下部及上部也偶有出现,岩性主要为微晶白云岩、粉—细晶白云岩以及颗粒白云岩,厚约0~60 m(胡忠贵等,2009)。黄龙组发现了常见于密西西比亚纪德坞期(相当于谢尔普霍夫期)的Eostaffella chongzuoensis以及宾夕法尼亚亚纪达拉期(相当于莫斯科期)的类标准分子Fusulinella bockiFusullina Schellwieni等(郑荣才等,2003)。由于Eostaffella属可延续至宾夕法尼亚亚纪初期(史宇坤等,2009),据此认为川东—渝北地区的白云岩层应该为宾夕法尼亚亚纪早中期的产物。

  • 江西境内石炭纪中期的白云岩主要出现在黄龙组底部,以厚层至块状白云质灰岩或白云岩的形式出现。在北部九江区,黄龙组底部白云岩厚度约20~30 m,与鄂西、下扬子地区的白云岩厚度相近。但江西中部、南部的安福—乐平区、崇义—于都区、龙南区,白云岩厚度可达百米甚至更多。依据九江区彭泽县镜子山剖面的黄龙组底部白云岩内发现的Pseudostaffella sp.,Profusulinella parva,P. cf. depratiFusulinella sp.,Fusulina sp.等类化石,将这段沉积的时代归为宾夕法尼亚亚纪早中期(江西省地质矿产勘查开发局,2017)。因此,从厚度规模、地质时代及岩性特征等方面来看,江西北部九江区黄龙组底部出现的白云岩更接近于中、下扬子碳酸盐岩台地的白云岩。

  • 中扬子地区的鄂西地区,白云岩出现在大埔组及上覆黄龙组底部。大埔组底部以角砾状白云岩、白云质角砾岩或白云岩的出现为标志,整合接触于密西西比亚系和州组之上,或平行不整合于高骊山组或晚泥盆世写经寺组、黄家磴组,中泥盆世云台观组之上(冯少南等,1999)。顶部与上覆黄龙组底部的灰岩或白云岩呈整合接触。鄂西地区白云岩的厚度均在10 m左右。长阳马鞍山煤矿的大埔组下部含有密西西比亚纪的珊瑚Kueichowpora setamaiensis冯少南等,1984)。结合在湖北长阳马连剖面黄龙组底部白云岩的下伏灰岩中发现的宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期的类及有孔虫Staffella sp.,Globivalvulina sp.,Eotuberitina reitlingeraeTolypammina fortis等(林甲兴等,1984),我们认为鄂西地区石炭纪中期的白云岩的时代应为密西西比亚纪晚期(大埔组)至宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期(黄龙组下部)。

  • 在下扬子地区,石炭纪中期的白云岩主要出现在老虎洞组中,厚约5~20 m,多为肉红色、浅灰色块状细晶白云岩,中部偶尔含燧石结核。老虎洞组顶部一般与上覆的黄龙组厚层灰岩整合接触,底部则与下伏和州组灰黄色泥质灰岩或泥质白云岩整合接触(金玉玕等,2000)。老虎洞白云岩在各地的时代略有不同,安徽巢湖地区老虎洞组发现密西西比亚纪晚期的牙形类nathodus bilineatus带(应中锷等,1987),以及Eostaffella为代表的类化石(李玉发等,1984),因此,巢县老虎洞白云岩的时代应为密西西比亚纪晚期。在南京茨山北坡,老虎洞白云岩中上部的白云质泥岩之下和之上分别发现常见于密西西比亚纪晚期的Gnathodus bilineatusNeoprioniodus scitulus等牙形类,以及常见于宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期的Idiognathoides sinuatusIdiognathodus delicatusDeclinognathodus lateralis等牙形类(应中锷等,1986),因此,老虎洞白云岩时代归于跨石炭系中间界线的密西西比亚纪晚期—宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期。在浙江桐庐,老虎洞组中产类化石Profusulinella simplex颜铁增等,2004),其时代为巴什基尔期。

  • 虽然在下扬子不同地区的剖面,老虎洞白云岩及下伏、上覆岩层所含化石的时代归属略有差异,但其岩性基本一致,厚度相差不多,地层序列基本一致,应为具有明显穿时的同一套地层(陈华成等,1984)。分布在北区的无为、巢湖、含山、和县一带的白云岩属于密西西比亚纪晚期;分布在南区的贵池、宣城、广德、长兴、宜兴、溧阳、句容、镇江等地的白云岩属于宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期;分布在南京地区的白云岩属于密西西比亚纪晚期—宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期(陈华成等,1984应中锷等,1986)。

  • 综上所述,石炭纪中期,在中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地,发育有一套厚度约5~60 m不等的白云岩层,其时代归属也因地区的不同而略有差异(图2)。其中,中扬子地区的白云岩时代为宾夕法尼亚亚纪早中期,主要发育在黄龙组底部,常与下伏密西西比亚系或泥盆系、志留系呈平行不整合接触。而下扬子地区的白云岩则具有穿时性,由北向南,可从密西西比亚纪晚期延续至宾夕法尼亚亚纪早中期,主要赋存于老虎洞组中,在黄龙组底部也偶有出现。

  • 2.2 西南部碳酸盐岩台地

  • 西南部碳酸盐岩台地分布于滇、黔、桂地区。密西西比亚纪,该地区发育较多拉张盆地,形成“台地-盆地-台地”的古地理格局(冯增昭等,1998)。其中,台地相包括有不同规模的碳酸盐岩、陆源碎屑岩、蒸发岩以及煤层等,而宾夕法尼亚亚纪,台地相基本以碳酸盐岩为主(Tian Xiaoxu,2020)。

  • 石炭纪中期,滇东地区的白云岩主要出现在摆佐组,以灰—灰白色、肉红色、米黄色厚层—块状中—粗晶白云岩为主(云南省地质矿产局,1990马宏杰等,2014)。摆佐组一般与上覆威宁组灰岩及下伏上司组灰岩整合接触,厚约50~80 m。白云岩下部产典型的密西西比亚纪晚期的腕足类化石:Gondolina weiningensisStriatifera angustaGigantoproductus moderatus,珊瑚化石:Lophophyllum;上部产丰富的宾夕法尼亚亚纪早中期的类化石:Pseudostaffella ozawaiP.khotunensisFusulinella schwagerinoidesProfusulinella parvaOzawainella cf.pseudoangulata等(云南省地质矿产局,1996)。因此,滇东地区的白云岩层时代为密西西比亚纪晚期—宾夕法尼亚亚纪早中期。

  • 图2 中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地白云岩的时空分布

  • Fig.2 Temporal and spatial distribution of dolostone in the Middle-Lower Yangtze carbonate platform

  • 贵州石炭纪中期的白云岩主要出现在独山—威宁区的摆佐组,以及盘县、紫云、贞丰、兴义等地的威宁组(贵州省地质调查院,2017)。摆佐组为介于上司组深灰色灰岩之上、威宁组(或黄龙组)浅灰色灰岩之下的一套半局限台地-开阔台地相浅灰色白云岩夹灰岩或灰岩夹白云岩(贵州省地质调查院,2017)。摆佐组白云岩的厚度横向变化较大,可从几米至百米。贵州惠水雅水剖面摆佐组以中层状灰岩为主,顶部含白云岩,白云岩之上的灰岩地层中产有孔虫Plectostaffella varvariensisPlectomillerellaMillerellatortulaEndothyranopsis crassa以及 Endothyra bowmaniChen Jitao et al.,2018),据此认为贵州摆佐组白云岩时代属密西西比亚纪晚期。

  • 威宁组为一套近陆缘的台地边缘相岩层,岩性主要为浅灰色厚层至块状灰岩、生物碎屑灰岩及白云质灰岩、白云岩(贵州省地质矿产局,2008),所含白云岩的厚度在横向上同样有明显的变化。在紫云宗地湾塘剖面,我们详细测量了白云岩地层,采集了白云岩中灰岩夹层的微体化石样品,在白云岩首现层位之上(13 m,15 m处)的灰岩中发现了Plectostaffella sp.,Profusulinella sp.,Pseudostaffella subquadrata vozhgalica等(图3),时代为巴什基尔期。15 m以上的灰岩夹层中同样发现了大量巴什基尔期的类:Pseudostaffella属和Profusulinella属。白云岩顶部(126.85 m,132.5 m处)的灰岩夹层中产类Fusulinella praebockiFusulinella bocki timanicaFusulinella paracolaniaeFusulinella praecolaniae(图3),为典型的莫斯科期分子。湾塘剖面所含类化石自下而上可划分为3个带:Pseudostaffella带,Profusulinella带和Fusulinella带,与1 km外的宗地剖面所含类化石带(Ueno et al.,2013)可以对照。湾塘剖面白云岩层首现(0~12 m)之下未采集到类,时代难以限定,但宗地剖面白云岩首现之下的灰岩层仍产巴什基尔期的类ProfusulinellaUeno et al.,2013)。因此,威宁组内白云岩时代为宾夕法尼亚亚纪的巴什基尔期—莫斯科期。

  • 图3 贵州紫云宗地湾塘剖面岩石地层及类化石产状

  • Fig.3 Stratigraphic profile and fusulinid occurrences at the Wantang section, Zongdi, Ziyun, Guizhou Province

  • 广西石炭纪中期的白云岩出现在大埔组,分布在局限、半局限台地相的桂中、桂北地区以及台地浅滩相的桂西地区。其岩性主要为浅色厚层粉晶白云岩、生物碎屑白云岩夹少量白云质灰岩或少量薄层硅质岩、硅质页岩等。大埔组与下伏罗城组深灰色中—厚层灰岩或都安组浅灰色灰岩及上覆黄龙组灰岩整合接触(邝国敦等,1999)。广西隆安都结剖面大埔组所含类化石可以划分为两个带,下部的Pseudostaffella带和上部的Profusulinella deprati带(邝国敦等,1999),因此,可确定其时代为宾夕法尼亚亚纪的巴什基尔期—莫斯科期早期。

  • 综上所述,在西南部碳酸盐岩台地,石炭纪中期发育的白云岩比中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地的更厚,可达百米。在滇东、贵州惠水等地,白云岩主要出现在密西西比亚纪晚期的摆佐组中。而在贵州宗地以及广西地区,白云岩则主要出现在巴什基尔期—莫斯科期的威宁组与大埔组中,少数地区白云岩可延续至莫斯科期末期(图4)。

  • 2.3 中南部碳酸盐岩台地

  • 中南部碳酸盐岩台地包括湘—桂地区以及闽—赣—粤地区。湘—桂地区指湖南及桂东、桂东北等地区,密西西比亚纪主要为碳酸盐岩沉积,间夹少量陆源碎屑岩,到了宾夕法尼亚亚纪为深水缓坡或台地相碳酸盐岩沉积。

  • 在石炭系中间界线附近,湘桂地区的地层序列依次为梓门桥组、黄龙组及船山组。黄龙组一般与下伏梓门桥组及上覆船山组整合接触,仅在局部地区(祁阳瓦子塘)与下伏梓门桥组假整合接触。白云岩主要出现在黄龙组内部,在梓门桥组顶部也偶有出现。黄龙组内部白云岩的厚度横向上变化明显,在湘桂地区的西南部,可达数百米。向北东方向,随着钙质含量增加,白云岩逐渐相变为灰岩,减小至几十米。湘中涟源地区黄龙组的类化石自下而上可以划分为3个带:Pseudostaffella带、Profusulinella带和Fusulinella-Fusulina带(谢盛刚等,1983)。根据白云岩之下、之上或间夹的灰岩层所含类化石,结合化石带,可确定其时代为宾夕法尼亚亚纪的巴什基尔期—莫斯科期。

  • 在闽—赣—粤地区,密西西比亚纪主要发育巨厚的陆源碎屑岩,偶尔间夹少量含煤地层,到了宾夕法尼亚亚纪,则基本以碳酸盐岩为主。福建省的石炭系主要分布在闽中和闽西南地区,中上部的地层序列依次为林地组、黄龙组及船山组。黄龙组与下伏林地组石英砂岩或粉砂岩假整合接触,与上覆船山组灰岩整合接触。黄龙组内的白云岩主要为紫灰、灰黄色厚层—巨厚层白云岩,其厚度随着黄龙组厚度变化而变化(吴岐等,1982)。福建省宁化县泉正村剖面黄龙组所含类化石可以划分为4个带:Profusulinella带、Fusulinella带、Beedeina带,以及Fusulina带(福建省地质矿产局,1985)。根据剖面白云岩之下、之上或间夹的灰岩层所含类化石,结合化石带,可确定其时代为宾夕法尼亚亚纪的巴什基尔期—莫斯科期。

  • 在江西省中部及南部的安福—乐平区,崇义—于都区以及龙南区,黄龙组一般与下伏梓山组陆源碎屑岩或梓门桥组生物碎屑灰岩、白云岩以及上覆船山组灰岩整合接触。在这三个地区,黄龙组内白云岩的厚度可达百米及以上,远比北部九江区(属于中、下扬子碳酸盐岩台地)厚。江西省高安县鸡公岭剖面黄龙组所含类化石可以划分为3个带:Profusulinella带、Fusulinella带和Fusulina带(江西省地质矿产勘察开发局,2017),对应宾夕法尼亚亚纪的巴什基尔期—莫斯科期。其中,白云岩段属于巴什基尔期早期,白云质灰岩段属于巴什基尔期—莫斯科期。从厚度规模、地质时代及岩性特征等方面来看,江西中部及南部黄龙组底部出现的白云岩更接近于中南部碳酸盐岩台地的白云岩。

  • 广东地区石炭系中上部的地层序列与湘桂地区的相同,黄龙组的厚度具有明显的横向变化,在粤西最厚(阳春猪笼坳),向粤东厚度减小(广东省地质矿产局,1996),所含白云岩的厚度也随之变化。在粤西阳春朱笼坳剖面,黄龙组的类化石自下而上划分为3个带:Profusulinella带、Fusulinella带和Fusulina带,对应时代为宾夕法尼亚亚纪的巴什基尔期—莫斯科期(广东省地质矿产局,1988)。其中,白云岩属于巴什基尔期—莫斯科期早期,上部的白云质灰岩则属于莫斯科期中、晚期。

  • 综上所述,中南部碳酸盐岩台地的白云岩主要出现在石炭纪中期的黄龙组中,比中下扬子和西南部的更厚,且横向变化明显,可从百米至数百米。这套白云岩主要属于宾夕法尼亚亚纪的巴什基尔期,而在莫斯科期则多为间断出现的白云质灰岩(图5)。

  • 图4 西南部碳酸盐岩台地白云岩的时空分布

  • Fig.4 Temporal and spatial distribution of dolostones in southwestern carbonate platform

  • 3 华南石炭纪中期白云岩成因初探

  • 3.1 白云岩的形成与冰期的关系

  • 白云岩成因研究已有近200年的历史,其形成机理是碳酸盐岩岩石学中长期争论的科学问题(李祖兵等,2021)。白云岩的形成需要满足3个条件:渗透性良好的碳酸盐矿物,富Mg白云岩化流体,以及能够促进该流体运移的机制(Allen et al.,1993Warren,2000)。当浅水碳酸盐岩台地的沉积、成岩环境发生一定变化时,就可能形成白云岩沉积。

  • 图5 中南部碳酸盐岩台地白云岩时空分布

  • Fig.5 Temporal and spatial distribution of dolostone in central-southern carbonate platform

  • 晚古生代大冰期(Late Paleozoic ice age,LPIA)是显生宙规模最大的多幕式冰期事件(Shi Guangrong et al.,2010; Rosa et al.,2021),其冰期—间冰期更替的动态性特征可以影响全球气候和海洋环境(Qie Wenkun et al.,2019),从而引发不同纬度地区沉积、成岩环境的改变。根据高纬度地区冰川沉积物的古地理分布(Isbell et al.,2003),以及中低纬度地区沉积序列的旋回性变化和特殊的如侵蚀谷、古岩溶等的沉积构造(Rygel et al.,2008Eros et al.,2012),结合腕足壳与牙形类的氧同位素δ18O(Mii et al.,2001Buggisch et al.,2008Chen Bo et al.,2016)的显著正漂现象,LPIA在石炭纪中期达到了第一个峰值(Montañez et al.,2013)。冰川的发育导致了全球海平面的大幅下降(Haq et al.,2008)。这一海平面下降事件在欧美碳酸盐岩台地沉积序列有着广泛记录(Lane et al.,1999Barnett et al.,2008Kabanov et al.,2016)。在华南体现为:浅水碳酸盐岩台地相古土壤和古岩溶的发育(Ueno et al.,2013Huang Xing et al.,2018),以及碎屑岩和白云岩的出现(Wang Xiangdong et al.,2013Chen Jitao et al.,2018);深水斜坡相正粒序泥粒灰岩以及滑塌构造的发育(Tian Xiaoxu et al.,2020)。

  • 石炭纪中期,冰川发育导致的全球海平面的大幅下降,将使浅海碳酸盐岩台地的局限性增加(Bialik et al.,2018Hu Zhongya et al.,2021a),或形成干旱蒸发的潮坪、潟湖环境。在这些水体较浅的环境中,岩石的风化作用、溶蚀作用以及矿物自身的溶解与重结晶作用都会增加碳酸盐矿物的渗透性(Hu Zhongya et al.,2021b)。而蒸发作用的不断进行以及文石、石膏等矿物的生成,会使海水盐度急剧上升,Mg/Ca比大幅增加,形成富Mg2+的白云岩化流体(张建勇等,2013Hu Zhongya et al.,2021b)。此外,盐度上升引起的浓度梯度作用,富Mg白云岩化流体的重力作用,岩溶孔隙的毛细作用以及岩层的非均质性等都能促进富Mg白云岩化流体的运移(赫云兰等,2010)。最终,富Mg白云岩化流体交代早先的碳酸盐岩,形成华南各地的大套白云岩。

  • 3.2 华南石炭纪中期白云岩分布的时间差异性

  • 沉积环境不仅受海平面变化的影响,同时受到构造隆升、地壳沉降以及拉张等作用的控制。石炭纪中期,各沉积盆地内的构造演化不同,导致满足形成白云岩的环境出现的时间略有不同,开始形成白云岩的时间不同。

  • 在中扬子碳酸盐岩台地区,晚志留世时期受加里东运动影响,西侧隆升为陆,遭受剥蚀;东侧与下扬子一同构成浅陆表海(冯增昭等,1998陈浩如,2010)。因此,密西西比亚纪早期,川东—鄂西地区处于准平原状态,普遍缺失密西西比亚系,湖北中部及东部则多为浅海碎屑岩沉积。密西西比亚纪晚期,川东—鄂西地区仍处于剥蚀状态。而整体海侵范围的扩大,导致湖北中部及东部形成碳酸盐岩沉积(冯增昭等,1998)。宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期,受中、上扬子地区局部下沉影响(李斌等,2018),海水开始大规模漫进并逐渐淹没川东—鄂西地区,使其处于古陆边缘相对局限的海湾环境。受干旱的古气候影响,川东—鄂西地区广泛发育蒸发潟湖和蒸发潮坪,形成含膏白云岩;随着海侵不断扩大,呈现潮坪-潟湖-障壁粒屑滩-开阔海湾陆棚的递变演化规律,白云岩主要发育在水位较低的障壁粒屑滩和滨外粒屑滩中(胡忠贵,2009)。湖北中部及东部邻近下扬子地区一带,则由于水下隆起的阻隔作用,形成盐度较高和较闭塞的沉积环境,准同生白云岩化强烈,也发育白云岩沉积(冯增昭等,1998)。宾夕法尼亚亚纪中期,海侵规模更加广阔,中扬子地区普遍发育厚的灰岩沉积,不再产生白云岩。

  • 下扬子地区在密西西比亚纪主要发育碎屑岩台地相(冯增昭等,1998),直到密西西比亚纪晚期,海盆隆起,面积急剧减小,陆源碎屑物剧减,盆地内广泛发育碳酸盐岩沉积。受全球海平面的下降,以及下扬子盆地南部的隆升影响,在密西西比亚纪末期,巢湖—含山—南京一带出现了以珊瑚礁为障壁的潟湖-潮坪环境,发育白云岩(李双应等,19942000);随后的海退以及盆地隆升作用使下扬子海盆普遍发生近地表暴露,甚至遭受风化剥蚀,形成明显的古暴露面和古岩溶现象;宾夕法尼亚亚纪,盆地开始下沉,早期,盆地南高北低,在江苏南京以及江西九江、彭泽,安徽宣城、铜陵,浙江长兴、杭州等地发育潮坪白云岩相(李双应等,1994);中期,盆地与华南海一起,形成了巨大的碳酸盐岩台地,不再产生白云岩。

  • 在西南部碳酸盐岩台地,密西西比亚纪的地壳扩张导致出现较多拉张盆地,形成“台地-盆地-台地”的古地理格局(冯增昭等,1998)。密西西比亚纪中晚期,海侵达到最大后开始海退,对应石炭纪中期海平面下降,沉积水体逐步变浅并局限化,形成白云岩或白云质灰岩。宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期,台盆收缩变浅,浅水碳酸盐岩台地广泛分布,其中局限台地发育在纳雍—独山—柳州—榕江一线以北地区,形成白云岩或白云质灰岩。宾夕法尼亚亚纪中晚期,海平面继续下降,黔桂运动使黔北和黔中地区隆升成陆,台盆被碳酸盐岩充填,不再产生白云岩(隆轲,2010)。

  • 在中南部碳酸盐岩台地,密西西比亚纪时期,广东东部、湖南东部、江西中南部以及福建西部主要为陆相沉积,发育冲积平原相。向西至湖南西部、广东中西部以及广西东部依次发育碎屑岩台地相与碳酸盐岩台地相(冯增昭等,1998)。在宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期,沉积盆地持续下降,海侵进一步扩大,使得碳酸盐岩台地范围向东扩张,发育浅水碳酸盐岩沉积;在湘中南、桂中、桂东以及粤北等地,水体较浅,碳酸盐岩台地大多为局限—半局限台地,白云岩占很高比例,而中东部地区则仍以灰岩占主导。宾夕法尼亚亚纪晚期,碳酸盐岩台地为开阔台地,形成全区广布的厚层灰岩。

  • 3.3 白云岩的形成模式

  • 华南各碳酸盐岩台地的白云岩在厚度、岩性以及形成时间上均有不同,加上沉积构造背景的差异,不能用同一种形成模式来解释。本文将结合华南各地区白云岩的岩相学、地球化学研究,探讨石炭纪中期华南白云岩的形成模式。

  • 根据白云岩形成过程的水文条件差异,目前主流的白云岩形成模式包括:浓缩正常海水白云岩化模式,蒸发萨勃哈模式,混合水模式,成岩早期浅埋藏的渗透回流模式,成岩晚期埋藏白云岩化模式,热液白云岩化模式等(Warren,2000)。不同形成模式下形成的白云岩,其岩性特征、地球化学特征以及空间分布特征等都有明显差异。

  • 探讨白云岩的形成模式,首先需要确定白云岩是原生沉积的还是次生交代的,进而要弄清白云石不能直接沉淀的机理,并说明发生次生交代作用的富Mg流体的来源,最终提出一个合理的形成模式来解释富Mg白云岩化流体如何交代早期的碳酸盐岩产生白云岩(张学丰等,2006)。近年来,随着白云岩成因研究的不断深入,学者们发现:① 实验室常温常压条件下难以合成白云石;② 越古老的地层中白云岩越多,可能与交代作用时间有关;③ 白云岩不总与其他岩层平行产出,常显示出与缝合线及断裂等提供的后期流体作用相关;④ 白云石常呈斑状发育于灰岩中,可见雾心亮边及其他交代残余结构(张学丰等,2006)。因此,地质历史时期的白云岩多为次生交代作用形成,即白云岩化作用形成。

  • 白云岩化过程中富Mg白云岩化流体的可能来源有:① 含镁热液流体(Warren,2000);② 含镁黏土矿物的脱水作用(McHargue et al.,1982;Krmac et al.,2005);③ 改造后的同期海水(Machel et al.,1986Machel,2004)。通过野外观察剖面是否有构造断层、岩浆侵入或大量的含镁黏土矿物层等现象,可以初步确认富Mg白云岩化流体的来源。白云岩化作用发生在沉积作用阶段的早、晚期可形成同生、准同生白云岩;发生在成岩作用阶段或成岩之后,可形成成岩白云岩与后生白云岩。这四种白云岩的岩性特征、地球化学特征有一定差异。因此,通过野外及镜下的岩性特征分析以及地球化学分析结果,可以确定白云岩化作用发生的时间。最后,综合已有的分析及结论,结合白云岩形成的环境背景,可以进一步探讨白云岩的形成模式。

  • 中扬子地区白云岩成因的研究,主要集中在川东地区。黄龙组白云岩以准同生期白云岩和成岩早期埋藏白云岩为主(胡忠贵,2009Liu Chao et al.,2017),前者为泥—微晶白云岩,不发育孔隙;后者为粉—细晶白云岩,具“雾心亮边”结构,发育晶间孔。准同生期白云岩具有较高的碳氧同位素值,代表着准同生期蒸发环境下高盐度卤水的同位素组成,其87Sr/86Sr比值略低于由局限古地理环境与壳源锶导致的高背景值,反映成岩环境为受富87Sr的陆源流体影响较小的蒸发封闭环境。成岩早期埋藏白云岩具有中等的碳氧同位素值,反映为早成岩阶段弥漫性埋藏白云岩化作用的产物,成岩流体为早期萨勃哈环境封存的微淡化的地层水(胡忠贵,2009)。其87Sr/86Sr比值略高于正常海相灰岩而远低于白云质溶岩,反映成岩流体主要源于同期海源孔隙水,部分源于早期萨勃哈卤水。准同生期与成岩早期埋藏白云岩化过程中都伴随强烈的REE迁移贫化,具有相似的Ce负异常,REE配分模式类似于海相灰岩,反映两者成岩流体性质相似,即成岩早期埋藏白云岩是封存在地层中的准同生期白云岩化后的弱淡化卤水交代宿主灰岩的结果(胡忠贵,2009Liu Chao et al.,2017)。

  • 下扬子地区老虎洞白云岩的成因问题已有诸多的讨论。因老虎洞白云岩岩性稳定,未见次生成因的形态特征,也未出现明显的交代作用产生的孔洞构造,因此认为是闭塞潟湖环境下的原生化学沉积产物(夏邦栋,1959)。进一步的岩相学研究表明,老虎洞白云岩主要可以分为两类:一类是具有均一晶粒结构且无明显交代现象的老虎洞下段准同生白云岩;另一类是晶粒相对较粗且有明显交代现象的老虎洞上段成岩白云岩(张瑛等,1984)。两类白云岩碳氧同位素值比周围灰岩偏高,反映老虎洞白云岩沉积时为咸化环境,海水具有强烈的蒸发作用;准同生白云岩内发育的藻纹层与成岩白云岩内的石膏假晶和膏模孔、干裂片角砾以及珊瑚、腕足类、海百合茎等生物,表明老虎洞白云岩处于近岸潮坪沉积环境的潮上、潮间带。因此,两类白云岩都是在海水局限性循环、蒸发作用显著,以及引起含盐度增高和高盐分粒间水的地质背景下形成的,两类的主要区别在于:准同生白云岩的白云石交代作用发生在成岩作用之前的沉积作用阶段,而成岩白云岩的白云石交代作用发生在早期成岩阶段(张瑛等,1984)。也有学者认为白云岩氧同位素值变化范围比灰岩大,以及微量元素富集Mn、Ba,贫Sr的特征都指示着淡水介入了白云岩化过程,而要形成大区域且具有一定厚度的白云岩分布,最有利的环境是接近地表及浅埋藏的早期成岩阶段,因此,老虎洞白云岩是被蒸发泵吸作用稍加改变的浅的淡水含水层与海水混合白云岩化的结果(岳文浙等,1991)。

  • 老虎洞白云岩中存在明显的交代现象(张瑛等,1984岳文浙等,1991),这就可以排除老虎洞白云岩为原生沉积成因。而老虎洞白云岩周围未见明显的构造、火山活动现象以及大量的含镁黏土矿物层,其富Mg白云岩化流体来源应为改造后的同期海水。结合当时的沉积环境,老虎洞组下段准同生白云岩是在潮坪环境下,蒸发作用引起的高盐度海水通过毛细管作用与早先沉积的方解石或文石交代产生。而上段成岩白云岩则处于碳酸盐岩成岩早期的浅埋藏阶段,经由同期海源孔隙水或早期蒸发浓缩的海水交代早期钙质碳酸盐岩产生。

  • 综上所述,中、下扬子地区白云岩均可分为准同生白云岩和成岩白云岩两种,且分别对应蒸发萨勃哈模式(图6)及成岩早期浅埋藏的渗透回流模式(图7)。蒸发萨勃哈模式在潮坪环境发生,形成的白云岩受到潮坪环境的范围限制,相对较薄,但是在横向上可以延伸很远(Allen et al.,1993)。而由封存的早期萨勃哈卤水渗透回流产生的白云岩规模也相对较小(图7中①类型),导致中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地地区的白云岩厚度相对较薄。

  • 图6 萨勃哈白云岩化模式(据Warren,2000李祖兵等,2021;等值线表示沉积物中白云石的质量分数)

  • Fig.6 Sabkha pattern (after Warren,2000Li Zubing et al.,2021;contours representing mass fractions of dolomite in the sediments)

  • 图7 渗透回流模式图(据李祖兵等,2021

  • Fig.7 Seepage and reflux pattern (after Li Zubing et al.,2021)

  • 西南部与中南部碳酸盐岩台地白云岩成因的研究较少。滇东会泽石炭系摆佐组白云岩主要由中、粗晶白云岩组成。白云岩Sr含量较低以及轻稀土元素富集的特征可能代表其形成于成岩的中后期阶段。通过碳氧同位素测试结果,计算出白云岩形成时可能的温度和盐度,表明白云岩经历了较长时间、充分的成岩作用,应该形成于中—深埋藏环境(马宏杰等,2014)。

  • 广西都安地区右江盆地大埔组白云岩样品进行的地球化学分析结果表明:Eu异常不明显,显示白云岩未受热液流体的影响。白云岩样品较低的87Sr/86Sr比值,代表其成岩流体受洋中脊热液或玄武岩影响(Miao Zhuowei et al.,2020)。结合剖面白云岩周围发育的断层构造,以及桂西石炭纪大量存在的大洋玄武岩(王忠诚等,1997陈丛林等,2006),都安地区的白云岩为中—深埋藏环境下形成的,白云岩化流体可能为大洋玄武岩蚀变产生的富硅、镁的同一成岩流体(Miao Zhuowei et al.,2020)。

  • 在广西浪平剖面,未见到明显的断裂带等构造现象,且桂西大洋玄武岩蚀变产生的白云岩化流体难以提供充足的Mg2+来形成西南部、中南部碳酸盐岩台地大区域的白云岩。此外,白云岩周围黏土矿物层普遍较薄,同样难以提供充足的Mg2+。因此,改造后的同期海水应该仍是西南部、中南部碳酸盐岩台地富Mg白云岩化流体的主要来源。在改造后的同期海水作为富Mg白云岩化流体参与形成的白云岩化模式中,正常海水白云岩化模式、混合水白云岩化模式、蒸发萨勃哈模式都受到沉积环境的限制而难以形成大规模的白云岩。渗透回流白云岩化作用却可以形成不同规模的白云岩,包括形成于蒸发浅水盆地中厚度不均一的小规模白云岩(Allen et al.,1993),以及与地下海源孔隙水混合后引起白云岩化,形成的大规模白云岩(张学丰等,2006)。因此,西南部与中南部碳酸盐岩台地的石炭纪中期白云岩,其主要形成模式应为渗透回流模式,其富Mg白云岩化流体为海水经改造后形成的卤水。

  • 4 结论

  • (1)石炭纪中期,华南中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地、西南部碳酸盐岩台地、中南部碳酸盐岩台地均发育白云岩沉积。其中,中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地白云岩厚度约5~60 m,中扬子地区白云岩时代为宾夕法尼亚亚纪早中期,而下扬子地区白云岩具有穿时性,从密西西比亚纪晚期至宾夕法尼亚亚纪早中期。西南部碳酸盐岩台地白云岩厚度约10~100 m,少数超过100 m。在滇东、黔中等地,白云岩属密西西比亚纪晚期,贵州紫云、广西隆安等地,白云岩的时代主要集中在宾夕法尼亚亚纪早期,少数地区可延续至中期。中南部碳酸盐岩台地白云岩厚度均超过100 m,可达数百米,属宾夕法尼亚亚纪早、中期。

  • (2)晚古生代大冰期在石炭纪中期达到第一个冰盛期,造成了全球性的海平面下降,从而导致华南各碳酸盐岩台地形成了有利于白云岩化作用发生的环境,白云岩得以广泛发育。

  • (3)华南石炭纪中期形成的白云岩在时代上略有差异,其起止时间可能与当时各碳酸盐岩台地的构造隆升、沉降以及拉张作用有关。

  • (4)华南各地白云岩产出的空间规模有较大差异,这可能与形成模式密切相关。中下扬子碳酸盐岩台地白云岩的形成模式主要为蒸发萨勃哈模式和成岩早期浅埋藏的渗透回流模式,形成相对较薄的白云岩沉积;中南部和西南部碳酸盐岩台地白云岩的形成模式为渗透回流模式,区域上规模较大,沉积较厚。改造后的同期海水可能为白云岩Mg2+的主要来源。

  • 参考文献

    • Allen J R, Wiggins W D. 1993. Dolomite reservoirs: Geochemical techniques for evaluating origin and distribution. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 36: 1~109.

    • Barnett A J, Wright V P. 2008. A sedimentological and cyclostratigraphic evaluation of the completeness of the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian (Mid-Carboniferous) global stratotype section and point, Arrow Canyon, Nevada, USA. Journal of the Geological Society, 165(4): 859~873.

    • Bialik O M, Wang Xiaomin, Zhao Shugao, Waldmann N D, Frank R, Li Weiqiang. 2018. Mg isotope response to dolomitization in hinterland-attached carbonate platforms: Outlook of δ26Mg as a tracer of basin restriction and seawater Mg/Ca ratio. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 235: 189~207.

    • Buggisch W, Joachimski M M, Sevastopulo G, Morrow J R. 2008. Mississippian δ13Ccarb and conodont apatite δ18O records—Their relation to the Late Palaeozoic Glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 268(3-4): 273~292.

    • Chen Bo, Joachimski M M, Wang Xiangdong, Shen Shuzhong, Qi Yuping, Qie Wenkun. 2016. Ice volume and paleoclimate history of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age from conodont apatite oxygen isotopes from Naqing (Guizhou, China). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 448: 151~161.

    • Chen Conglin, Shi Xiaoying. 2006. Sedimentary and tectonic evolution of Late Paleozoic deep-water strata in the Youjiang basin. Geology in China, 33(2): 436~443 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Chen Haoru. 2010. Lithofacies-Palaeogeography and ancient karst characteristics of carboniferous in eastern Sichuan basin. Master's thesis of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Chen Hongming, Wu Xianghe, Zhang Ying, Li Yaoxi, Wen Qiongying, Fu Dexin, Yan Chengxi, Liu Weihong, Chen Wenyi, Wang Dongpo. 1994. Carboniferous Lithofacies, Paleogeography and Mineralization in South China. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Chen Huacheng, Xia Guangsheng, Xiao Ligong, Hu Shizhong, Yu Xueguang, Wang Yunhui, Zhu Deshou, Jin Fuquan, Ying Zhong'e, Zhang Ying, Qi Dunlun, Li Yufa, Shen Hou, Li Changwen. 1984. Age assignment and correlation of the dolomite of the lower Huanglong limestone in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui. Journal of Stratigraphy, 8(3): 165~178+239~240 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Chen Jitao, Sheng Qingyi, Hu Keyi, Yao Le, Lin Wei, Montañez I P, Tian Xiaoxu, Qi Yuping, Wang Xiangdong. 2018. Late Mississippian glacio-eustasy recorded in the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean (South China). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 531(Part B): 108873.

    • Dong Zhizhong, Ji Qiang. 1988. Carboniferous conodont biostratigraphy of Ninglang-Lijiang area, Yunnan Province. Proffessional Papers of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology, 22: 35~65 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Eros J M, Montañez I P, Osleger D A, Davydov V I, Nemyrovska T I, Poletaev V I, Zhykalyak M V. 2012. Reply to the comment on “Sequence stratigraphy and onlap history of the Donets basin, Ukraine: Insight into Carboniferous icehouse dynamics”. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 363-364: 187~191.

    • Fang Shaoxian, Hou Fanghao, Dong Zhaoxiong, Zhu Xiaohui. 1999. Formation models of Devonian and Carboniferous dolomites in Guizhou-Guangxi region. Oil & Gas Geology, 20(1): 36~40 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Feng Shaonan, Xu Shouyong, Lin Jiaxing, Yang Deli et al. 1984. Biostratigraphy of the Yangtze Gorges Area (3) Late Palaeozoic Era. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Feng Shaonan, Zhang Renjie. 1999. Reunderstanding about several problems on Dapu Formation in western Hubei Province. Geology and Mineral Resources of South China, 3: 51~55 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Feng Zengzhao, Yang Yuqing, Bao Zhidong, Jin Zhenkui, Zhang Yuqing, Wu Xianghe, Qi Dunlun. 1998. Lithofacies Palaeogeography of the Carboniferous in South China. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Feng Zengzhao, Yang Yuqing, Bao Zhidong. 1999. Lithofacies Palaeogeography of the Carboniferous in South China. Journal of Palaeogeography, 1(1): 75~86 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Fujian Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1985. Regional Geology of Fujian Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Guangdong Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1988. Regional Geology of Guangdong Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Guangdong Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1996. Guangdong Province Rock Strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).

    • Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 2008. Guizhou Province rock strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).

    • Guizhou Institute of Geological survey. 2017. Regional Geology of China, Guizhou Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Haq B U, Schutter S R. 2008. A chronology of paleozoic sea-level changes. Science, 322: 64~68.

    • He Yunlan, Liu Bo, Qin Shan. 2010. Study on the dolomitization and dolostone genesis. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 46(6): 1010~1020 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Hu Zhonggui. 2009. Study of dolomite genesis and diagenesis system of Huanglong Formation of Carboniferous in eastern Sichuan-northern Chongqing area. Doctoral dissertation of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Hu Zhonggui, Zheng Rongcai, Hu Jiuzhen, Wen Huaguo, Li Yu, Wen Qibing, Xu Fabo. 2009. Geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements of Huanglong Formation dolomites reservoirs in eastern Sichuan-northern Chongqing area. Acta Geologica Sinica, 83(6): 782~790 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Hu Zhongya, Li Weiqiang, Zhang Hua, Krainer K, Zheng Quanfeng, Xia Zhiguang, Hu Wenxuan, Shen Shuzhong. 2021a. Mg isotope evidence for restriction events within the Paleotethys ocean around the Permian-Triassic transition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 556: 116704.

    • Hu Zhongya, Bialik O M, Hohl S V, Xia Zhiguang, Waldmann N D, Liu Chuan, Li Weiqiang. 2021b. Response of Mg isotopes to dolomitization during fluctuations in sea level: Constraints on the hydrological conditions of massive dolomitization systems. Sedimentary Geology, 420: 105922

    • Huang Baochun, Otofuji Y I, Zhu Rixiang, Shi Ruiping, Wang Yongcheng. 2001. Paleomagnetism of Carboniferous sediments in the Hexi corridor: Its origin and tectonic implications. Earth & Planetary Science Letters, 194(1-2): 135~149.

    • Huang Xing, Aretz M, Zhang Xionghua, Du Yuansheng, Qie Wenkun, Wen Qin, Wang Changnan, Luan Tengfei. 2018. Pennsylvanian-Early Permian palaeokarst development on the Yangtze Platform, South China, and implications for the regional sea-level history. Geological Journal, 53(4): 1241~1262.

    • Hunan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1988. Regional Geology of Hunan Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Isbell J L, Miller M F, Wolfe K L, Lenaker P A. 2003. Timing of Late Paleozoic glaciation in Gondwana: Was glaciation responsible for the development of Northern Hemisphere cyclothems? Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, 370: 5~24.

    • Jiangxi Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 2017. Regional Geology of China, Jiangxi Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Jin Yugan, Fan Yingnian, Wang Xiangdong, Wang Rennong et al. 2000. Stratigraphical Lexicon of China-Carboniferous. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Kabanov P B, Alekseev A S, Gibshman N B, Gabdullin R R, Bershov A V. 2016. The upper Viséan-Serpukhovian in the type area for the Serpukhovian Stage (Moscow basin, Russia), Part 1: Sequences, disconformities, and biostratigraphic summary. Geological Journal, 51(2): 163~194.

    • K1rmac1 M Z, Akdağ K. 2005. Origin of dolomite in the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene limestone turbidites, eastern Pontides, Turkey. Sedimentary Geology, 181: 39~57.

    • Kuang Guodun, Li Jiaxiang, Zhoug Keng, Su Yibao, Tao Yebin. 1999. Carboniferous of Guangxi. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Lane H R, Brenckle P L, Baesemann J F, Richards B. 1999. The IUGS boundary in the middle of the Carboniferous: Arrow Canyon, Nevada, USA. Episodes, 22(4): 272~283.

    • Li Bin, Hu Bowen, Luo Qun. 2018. Tectonic sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary environment evolution of prototype basin in middle and upper Yangtze region. Coal Science and Technology, 46(2): 19~27 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Shuangying, Jin Fuquan, Huang Qisheng, Yan Huaixue. 2000. Study of the Carboniferous sequence strata and evolution of the Lower Yangtze basin. Geology of Anhui, 10(4): 241~247 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Shuangying, Jin Fuquan. 1994. Carboniferous palaeography in the lower Yangtze basin. Journal of Hefei University of Technology, 17(3): 167~174 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Tiesheng. 1993. Diagenetic epigenesis of the Carboniferous carbonates and formations of its dolomite. Geology of Chemical Minerals, 15(1): 33~41 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Yaoxi, Chen Hongming. 1984. Distribution rule in time and space of the dolomite member of Huanglong Formation in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces and its diachronous mechanism. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 49~58 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Ying, Wang Xiangdong, Hu Keyi, Huang Xing, Zhang Shuichang, Zhang Bin, Qi Yuping, Chen Jitao, Yao Le. 2021. Lithostratigraphic subdivision and correlation of the Carboniferous in China. Journal of Stratigraphy, 45(3): 303~318 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Yufa, Zhou Guangxin, Zhang Jiansheng, He Limin, Pei Jian. 1984. On the age of Laohudong dolomite and its diachronous characteristics. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 138~145 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Zubing, Xiao Yao, Liu Jun, Liu Yongliang, Ou Jiaqiang. 2021. Theory and Technology of Dolomite Genetic Mechanism Analysis. Beijing: China Science Press (in Chinese).

    • Liao Zhuoting, Wang Xiangdong, Wang Wei, Qi Yuping, Chen Bo, Zhang Yiqiang, Zhang Feng, Lin Wei, Feng Zhuo. 2010. The Carboniferous strata in MT·Longmen. Journal of Stratigraphy, 34(4): 349~362 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Lin Jiaxing, Li Hanming, Chen Jiahuai. 1984. The foraminifera assemblages (Zones) in the Huanglong Formation, west Hubei and their indication significance for the distribution of coal-rich zone in the Ma'an coal series. Mineral Deposits, 3(3): 85~94 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Liu Chao, Xie Qingbin, Wang Guiwen, He Wengang, Song Yifan, Tang Yong, Wang Yuhan. 2017. Rare earth element characteristics of the carboniferous Huanglong Formation dolomites in eastern Sichuan basin, Southwest China: Implications for origins of dolomitizing and diagenetic fluids. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 81: 33~49.

    • Liu Shiyu, Hu Mingyi, Hu Zhonggui, Dai Weiyan. 2015. Dolomite genesis of Carboniferous Huanglong Formation in eastern Sichuan basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 27(4): 40~46 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Long Ke. 2010. Carboniferous sequence lithofacies Palaeogeography characteristic and its evolution in south Guizhou and middle Guangxi. Master's thesis of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Ma Hongjie, Zhang Shitao, Chen Xianfeng, Sui Sugang. 2014. Geochemical characteristics and genetic analysis of Carboniferous dolomite in Huize basin, Yunnan. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 32(1): 118~125 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Machel H G. 2004. Concepts and models of dolomitization: A critical reappraisal. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 235: 7~63.

    • Machel H G, Mountjoy E W. 1986. Chemistry and environments of dolomitization-a reappraisal. Earth Science Reviews, 23: 175~222.

    • McHargue T R, Price R C. 1982. Dolomite from clay in argillaceous or shale-associated marine carbonates. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 52: 873~886.

    • Miao Zhuowei, Gong Enpu, Zhang Yongli, Guan Changqing, Huang Wentao. 2020. Burial dolomitization, the genesis of dolomite in the Dapu Formation (Upper Carboniferous), Guixinan area, Youjiang basin, Southwest China: Petrologic and geochemical evidence. Carbonates and Evaporites, 35(2): 1~14.

    • Mii H S, Grossman E L, Yancey T E, Chuvashov B, Egorov A. 2001. Isotopic records of brachiopod shells from the Russian Platform—Evidence for the onset of Mid-Carboniferous glaciation. Chemical Geology, 175(1-2): 133~147.

    • Montañez I P, Poulsen C J. 2013. The Late Paleozoic ice age: An evolving paradigm. Annual Review of Earth & Planetary Sciences, 41: 629~656.

    • Qie Wenkun, Algeo T J, Luo Genming, Herrmann A. 2019. Global events of the Late Paleozoic (Early Devonian to Middle Permian): A review-science direct. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 531(Part A): 109259.

    • Rosa E L M, Isbell J L. 2021. Late Paleozoicglaciation. Encyclopedia of Geology (Second Edition), 534~545.

    • Rygel M C, Fielding C R, Frank T D, Birgenheier L P. 2008. The magnitude of Late Paleozoic glacioeustatic fluctuations: A synthesis. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 78(8): 500~511.

    • Shi Guangrong, Waterhouse J B. 2010. Late Palaeozoic global changes affecting high-latitude environments and biotas: An introduction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 298(1-2): 1~16.

    • Shi Yukun, Liu Jiarun, Yang Xiangning, Zhu Liming. 2009. Fusulinid faunas from the Datangian to Chihsian strata of the Zongdi section in Ziyun County, Guizhou Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 26(1): 1~30 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Tian Xiaoxu, Chen Jitao, Yao Le, Hu Keyi, Qi Yuping, Wang Xiangdong. 2020. Glacio-eustasy and δ13C across the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian boundary in the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean (South China): Implications for Mid-Carboniferous major glaciation. Geological Journal, 55: 2704~2716.

    • Ueno K, Hayakawa N, Nakazawa T, Wang Yue, Wang Xiangdong. 2013. Pennsylvanian-Early Permian cyclothemic succession on the Yangtze Carbonate Platform, South China. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 376(1): 235~267.

    • Wang Xiangdong, Qie Wenkun, Sheng Qingyi, Qi Yuping, Wang Yue, Liao Zhuoting, Shen Shuzhong, Ueno K. 2013. Carboniferous and Lower Permian sedimentological cycles and biotic events of South China. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 376(1): 33~46.

    • Wang Xiangdong, Hu Keyi, Huang Xing, Qiao Li, Wang Qiulai, Shen Yang, Sheng Qingyi, Li Xiaoming, Lin Wei, Shi Yukun. 2020. Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Index Fossils of China. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Wang Zhigen, Zhao Jiaming. 1989. Carboniferous Corals in Huize, Yunnan. Acta Palaeotologica Sinica, 28(1): 79~97+139~142 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Wang Zhongcheng, Wu Haoruo, Kuang Guodun. 1997. Characteristics of the Late Palaeozoic oceanic basalts and their eruptive environments in west Guangxi. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 13(2): 135~140 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Warren J. 2000. Dolomite: Occurrence, evolution and economically important. Earth-Science Reviews, 52(1): 1~81.

    • Wu Qi, Li Ximin. 1982. The stratigraphical division and stratigraphic correlation in the Carboniferous period in Fujian Province. Geology of Fujian, 1: 32~48+107~112 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xia Bangdong. 1959. Several problems about lower part dolostone of the Mid-Carboniferous Huanglong-limestone in M. T. Ningzhen. Geological Review, 5: 212~215 (in Chinese).

    • Xie Shenggang, Tan Zhengxiu. 1983. The middle and upper Carboniferous division and fusulinid zones in central Hunan. Geology of Hunan, 2(2): 18~25 (in Chinese).

    • Yan Tiezeng, Qin Zhaosong, Wang De'en, Wang Jianguo, Xu Xingmiao, Cai Zihua. 2004. Stratigraphic division and correlation of the Laohudong Formation and Huanglong Formation in Zhejiang. Geology in China, 31(3): 278~283 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yin Hongfu, Wu Shunbao, Du Yuansheng, Peng Yuanqiao. 1999. South China defined as part of Tethyan archipelagic ocean system. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 24(1): 1~12 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Ying Zhong'e. 1984. Conodonts from the basal dolomite of Huanglong Formation in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces and its stratigraphical significance. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 14~26+163~165 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Ying Zhong'e, Wang Yunhui, Chen Huacheng, Zhang Ying, Bi Zhongqi. 1986. Age of the Laohudong dolomite in Nanjing area. Journal of Stratigraphy, 10(3): 216~220+252 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Ying Zhong'e. 1987. Carboniferous conodonts from Jiangsu and Anhui region. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 8(2): 92~98+149~150 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yue Wenzhe, Wei Naiyi. 1991. Genetic mechanism of the Carboniferous Laohudong dolomite and the secondary “megacrystalline limestone” in the lower Yangtze area. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 12(1): 52~65 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1990. Regional Geology of Yunnan Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1996. Yunnan Province Rock Strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).

    • Zhang Jianyong, Guo Qingxin, Shou Jianfeng, Wang Bin, Pan Liyin, Zhou Jingao. 2013. Control of Neogene global eustasy on dolomitization: Revelation to the origin of dolomitization in palaeostrata. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 18(4): 46~52 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Xuefeng, Hu Wenxuan, Zhang Juntao. 2006. Crtical problems for dolomite formation and dolomitization models. Geological Science and Technology Information, 25(5): 32~40 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Ying, Chen Hongming, Tang Zairu. 1984. Some genetic characteristics of Laohudong dolomite. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 67~80+166~167 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zheng Rongcai, Peng Jun, Gao Hongcan. 2003. Palaeokarst-related characteristics and cycles of carbonate reservoirs in Huanglong Formation, upper Carboniferous, eastern Chongqing. Geology-Geochemistry, 31(1): 28~35 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • 陈丛林, 史晓颖. 2006. 右江盆地晚古生代深水相地层沉积构造演化. 中国地质, 33(2): 436~443.

    • 陈浩如. 2010. 四川盆地东部石炭系岩相古地理及古岩溶地貌特征. 成都理工大学硕士学位论文.

    • 陈宏明, 吴祥和, 张瑛, 李耀西, 文琼英, 傅德鑫, 颜承锡, 刘卫红, 陈文一, 王东坡. 1994. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理与成矿作用. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 陈华成, 夏广胜, 肖立功, 胡世忠, 俞学光, 王云慧, 朱德寿, 金福全, 应中锷, 张瑛, 齐敦伦, 李玉发, 沈后, 李昌文. 1984. 苏浙皖地区黄龙灰岩下部白云岩时代的归属及对比. 地层学杂志, 8(3): 165~178+239~240.

    • 董致中, 季强. 1988. 云南宁蒗, 丽江地区石炭纪牙形石生物地层. 地层古生物论文集, 22: 35~65.

    • 方少仙, 侯方浩, 董兆雄, 朱晓惠. 1999. 黔桂泥盆、石炭系白云岩的形成模式. 石油与天然气地质, 20(1): 36~40.

    • 冯少南, 许寿永, 林甲兴, 杨德骊等. 1984. 长江三峡地区生物地层学(3)晚古生代分册. 北京: 地质出版社, 38~44.

    • 冯少南, 张仁杰. 1999. 鄂西地区大埔组几个问题的新认识. 华南地质与矿产, 3: 51~55.

    • 冯增昭, 杨玉卿, 鲍志东. 1998. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 冯增昭, 杨玉卿, 鲍志东. 1999. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理. 古地理学报, 1(1): 75~86.

    • 福建省地质矿产局. 1985. 福建省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 广东省地质矿产局. 1988. 广东省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 广东省地质矿产局. 1996. 广东省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

    • 贵州省地质调查院. 2017. 中国区域地质志: 贵州志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 贵州省地质矿产局. 1996. 贵州地层典. 贵阳: 贵州科技出版社.

    • 贵州省地质矿产局. 2008. 贵州省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

    • 赫云兰, 刘波, 秦善. 2010. 白云石化机理与白云岩成因问题研究. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 46(6): 1010~1020.

    • 胡忠贵. 2009. 川东—渝北地区石炭系白云岩成因与成岩系统研究. 成都理工大学博士学位论文.

    • 胡忠贵, 郑荣才, 胡九珍, 文华国, 李瑜, 文其兵, 徐发波. 2009. 川东—渝北地区黄龙组白云岩储层稀土元素地球化学特征. 地质学报, 83(6): 782~790.

    • 湖南省地质矿产局. 1988. 湖南省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 江西省地质矿产勘察开发局. 2017. 中国区域地质志: 江西志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 金玉玕, 范影年, 王向东等. 2000. 中国地层典: 石炭系. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 邝国敦, 李家骧, 钟铿, 苏一保, 陶业斌等. 1999. 广西的石炭系. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

    • 李斌, 胡博文, 罗群. 2018. 中、上扬子地区构造层序地层及原型盆地沉积环境演化. 煤炭科学技术, 46(2): 19~27.

    • 李双应, 金福全. 1994. 下扬子盆地石炭纪的古地理. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 17(3): 167~174.

    • 李双应, 金福全, 黄其胜, 颜怀学. 2000. 下扬子盆地石炭纪层序地层研究及盆地演化. 安徽地质, 10(4): 241~247.

    • 李铁生. 1993. 华南石炭系碳酸盐岩成岩后生作用及白云岩的成因. 化工地质, 15(1): 33~41.

    • 李耀西, 陈宏明. 1984. 苏浙皖地区黄龙组下部白云岩的时空分布规律及其穿时的机理. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 49~58.

    • 李莹, 王向东, 胡科毅, 黄兴, 张水昌, 张斌, 祁玉平, 陈吉涛, 要乐. 2021. 中国石炭纪岩石地层划分和对比. 地层学杂志, 45(3): 303~318.

    • 李玉发, 周光新, 张建胜, 贺立民, 裴键. 1984. 安徽巢县老虎洞白云岩的时代归属及其穿时特征. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 138~145.

    • 李祖兵, 肖尧, 刘均, 刘永良, 欧家强. 2021. 白云岩成因机理分析理论与技术. 北京: 科学出版社.

    • 廖卓庭, 王向东, 王伟, 祁玉平, 陈波, 张燚强, 张峰, 林巍, 冯卓. 2010. 龙门山的石炭系. 地层学杂志, 34(4): 349~362.

    • 林甲兴, 黎汉明, 陈家怀. 1984. 鄂西黄龙期有孔虫组合(带)及其与马鞍煤系富煤带分布规律的关系. 矿床地质, 3(3): 85~94.

    • 刘诗宇, 胡明毅, 胡忠贵, 戴危艳. 2015. 四川盆地东部石炭系黄龙组白云岩成因. 岩性油气藏, 27(4): 40~46.

    • 隆轲. 2010. 黔南—桂中地区石炭纪层序岩相古地理特征及演化. 成都理工大学硕士学位论文.

    • 马宏杰, 张世涛, 程先锋, 眭素刚. 2014. 云南会泽石炭系摆佐组白云岩地球化学特征及其成因分析. 沉积学报, 32(1): 118~125.

    • 史宇坤, 刘家润, 杨湘宁, 朱李鸣. 2009. 贵州省紫云县宗地剖面早石炭世大塘期—早二叠世栖霞期的类动物群. 微体古生物学报, 26(1): 1~30.

    • 王向东, 胡科毅, 黄兴, 乔丽, 王秋来, 沈阳, 盛青怡, 李小铭, 林巍, 史宇坤. 2020. 中国石炭纪地层及标志化石图集. 杭州: 浙江大学出版社.

    • 王志根, 赵嘉明. 1989. 云南会泽石炭纪珊瑚. 古生物学报, 28(1): 79~97+139~142.

    • 王忠诚, 吴浩若, 邝国敦. 1997. 桂西晚古生代海相玄武岩的特征及其形成环境. 岩石学报, 13(2): 135~140.

    • 吴岐, 李希敏. 1982. 福建省石炭纪地层划分与对比. 福建地质, 1: 32~48+107~112.

    • 夏邦栋. 1959. 关于宁镇山脉中石炭纪黄龙灰岩下部白云岩的几个问题. 地质论评, 5: 212~215.

    • 谢盛刚, 谭正修. 1983. 湘中地区中上石炭统划分及其()类化石分带. 湖南地质, 2(2): 18~25.

    • 颜铁增, 覃兆松, 王德恩, 汪建国, 许兴苗, 蔡子华. 2004. 浙江省老虎洞组和黄龙组地层划分与对比. 中国地质, 31(3): 278~283.

    • 殷鸿福, 吴顺宝, 杜远生, 彭元桥. 1999. 华南是特提斯多岛洋体系的一部分. 地球科学, 24(1): 1~12.

    • 应中锷. 1984. 苏浙皖地区上石炭统黄龙组下部白云岩中的牙形刺及其地层意义. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 14~26+163~165.

    • 应中锷. 1987. 苏皖地区石炭纪牙形刺. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 8(2): 92~98+149~150.

    • 应中锷, 王云慧, 陈华成, 张瑛, 毕仲其. 1986. 南京地区“老虎洞白云岩”的时代. 地层学杂志, 10(3): 216~220+252.

    • 岳文浙, 魏乃颐. 1991. 关于老虎洞白云岩及其上“粗晶灰岩”的形成机制. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 12(1): 52~65.

    • 云南省地质矿产局. 1990. 云南省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 云南省地质矿产局. 1996. 云南省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

    • 张建勇, 郭庆新, 寿建峰, 王彬, 潘立银, 周进高. 2013. 新近纪海平面变化对白云石化的控制及对古老层系白云岩成因的启示. 海相油气地质, 18(4): 46~52.

    • 张学丰, 胡文瑄, 张军涛. 2006. 白云岩成因相关问题及主要形成模式. 地质科技情报, 25(5): 32~40.

    • 张瑛, 陈宏明, 汤再如. 1984. 老虎洞白云岩的成因特征. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 67~80+166~167.

    • 郑荣才, 彭军, 高红灿. 2003. 渝东黄龙组碳酸盐岩储层的古岩溶特征和岩溶旋回. 地质地球化学, 31(1): 28~35.

  • 参考文献

    • Allen J R, Wiggins W D. 1993. Dolomite reservoirs: Geochemical techniques for evaluating origin and distribution. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 36: 1~109.

    • Barnett A J, Wright V P. 2008. A sedimentological and cyclostratigraphic evaluation of the completeness of the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian (Mid-Carboniferous) global stratotype section and point, Arrow Canyon, Nevada, USA. Journal of the Geological Society, 165(4): 859~873.

    • Bialik O M, Wang Xiaomin, Zhao Shugao, Waldmann N D, Frank R, Li Weiqiang. 2018. Mg isotope response to dolomitization in hinterland-attached carbonate platforms: Outlook of δ26Mg as a tracer of basin restriction and seawater Mg/Ca ratio. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 235: 189~207.

    • Buggisch W, Joachimski M M, Sevastopulo G, Morrow J R. 2008. Mississippian δ13Ccarb and conodont apatite δ18O records—Their relation to the Late Palaeozoic Glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 268(3-4): 273~292.

    • Chen Bo, Joachimski M M, Wang Xiangdong, Shen Shuzhong, Qi Yuping, Qie Wenkun. 2016. Ice volume and paleoclimate history of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age from conodont apatite oxygen isotopes from Naqing (Guizhou, China). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 448: 151~161.

    • Chen Conglin, Shi Xiaoying. 2006. Sedimentary and tectonic evolution of Late Paleozoic deep-water strata in the Youjiang basin. Geology in China, 33(2): 436~443 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Chen Haoru. 2010. Lithofacies-Palaeogeography and ancient karst characteristics of carboniferous in eastern Sichuan basin. Master's thesis of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Chen Hongming, Wu Xianghe, Zhang Ying, Li Yaoxi, Wen Qiongying, Fu Dexin, Yan Chengxi, Liu Weihong, Chen Wenyi, Wang Dongpo. 1994. Carboniferous Lithofacies, Paleogeography and Mineralization in South China. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Chen Huacheng, Xia Guangsheng, Xiao Ligong, Hu Shizhong, Yu Xueguang, Wang Yunhui, Zhu Deshou, Jin Fuquan, Ying Zhong'e, Zhang Ying, Qi Dunlun, Li Yufa, Shen Hou, Li Changwen. 1984. Age assignment and correlation of the dolomite of the lower Huanglong limestone in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui. Journal of Stratigraphy, 8(3): 165~178+239~240 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Chen Jitao, Sheng Qingyi, Hu Keyi, Yao Le, Lin Wei, Montañez I P, Tian Xiaoxu, Qi Yuping, Wang Xiangdong. 2018. Late Mississippian glacio-eustasy recorded in the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean (South China). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 531(Part B): 108873.

    • Dong Zhizhong, Ji Qiang. 1988. Carboniferous conodont biostratigraphy of Ninglang-Lijiang area, Yunnan Province. Proffessional Papers of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology, 22: 35~65 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Eros J M, Montañez I P, Osleger D A, Davydov V I, Nemyrovska T I, Poletaev V I, Zhykalyak M V. 2012. Reply to the comment on “Sequence stratigraphy and onlap history of the Donets basin, Ukraine: Insight into Carboniferous icehouse dynamics”. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 363-364: 187~191.

    • Fang Shaoxian, Hou Fanghao, Dong Zhaoxiong, Zhu Xiaohui. 1999. Formation models of Devonian and Carboniferous dolomites in Guizhou-Guangxi region. Oil & Gas Geology, 20(1): 36~40 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Feng Shaonan, Xu Shouyong, Lin Jiaxing, Yang Deli et al. 1984. Biostratigraphy of the Yangtze Gorges Area (3) Late Palaeozoic Era. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Feng Shaonan, Zhang Renjie. 1999. Reunderstanding about several problems on Dapu Formation in western Hubei Province. Geology and Mineral Resources of South China, 3: 51~55 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Feng Zengzhao, Yang Yuqing, Bao Zhidong, Jin Zhenkui, Zhang Yuqing, Wu Xianghe, Qi Dunlun. 1998. Lithofacies Palaeogeography of the Carboniferous in South China. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Feng Zengzhao, Yang Yuqing, Bao Zhidong. 1999. Lithofacies Palaeogeography of the Carboniferous in South China. Journal of Palaeogeography, 1(1): 75~86 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Fujian Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1985. Regional Geology of Fujian Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Guangdong Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1988. Regional Geology of Guangdong Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Guangdong Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1996. Guangdong Province Rock Strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).

    • Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 2008. Guizhou Province rock strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).

    • Guizhou Institute of Geological survey. 2017. Regional Geology of China, Guizhou Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Haq B U, Schutter S R. 2008. A chronology of paleozoic sea-level changes. Science, 322: 64~68.

    • He Yunlan, Liu Bo, Qin Shan. 2010. Study on the dolomitization and dolostone genesis. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 46(6): 1010~1020 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Hu Zhonggui. 2009. Study of dolomite genesis and diagenesis system of Huanglong Formation of Carboniferous in eastern Sichuan-northern Chongqing area. Doctoral dissertation of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Hu Zhonggui, Zheng Rongcai, Hu Jiuzhen, Wen Huaguo, Li Yu, Wen Qibing, Xu Fabo. 2009. Geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements of Huanglong Formation dolomites reservoirs in eastern Sichuan-northern Chongqing area. Acta Geologica Sinica, 83(6): 782~790 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Hu Zhongya, Li Weiqiang, Zhang Hua, Krainer K, Zheng Quanfeng, Xia Zhiguang, Hu Wenxuan, Shen Shuzhong. 2021a. Mg isotope evidence for restriction events within the Paleotethys ocean around the Permian-Triassic transition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 556: 116704.

    • Hu Zhongya, Bialik O M, Hohl S V, Xia Zhiguang, Waldmann N D, Liu Chuan, Li Weiqiang. 2021b. Response of Mg isotopes to dolomitization during fluctuations in sea level: Constraints on the hydrological conditions of massive dolomitization systems. Sedimentary Geology, 420: 105922

    • Huang Baochun, Otofuji Y I, Zhu Rixiang, Shi Ruiping, Wang Yongcheng. 2001. Paleomagnetism of Carboniferous sediments in the Hexi corridor: Its origin and tectonic implications. Earth & Planetary Science Letters, 194(1-2): 135~149.

    • Huang Xing, Aretz M, Zhang Xionghua, Du Yuansheng, Qie Wenkun, Wen Qin, Wang Changnan, Luan Tengfei. 2018. Pennsylvanian-Early Permian palaeokarst development on the Yangtze Platform, South China, and implications for the regional sea-level history. Geological Journal, 53(4): 1241~1262.

    • Hunan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1988. Regional Geology of Hunan Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Isbell J L, Miller M F, Wolfe K L, Lenaker P A. 2003. Timing of Late Paleozoic glaciation in Gondwana: Was glaciation responsible for the development of Northern Hemisphere cyclothems? Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, 370: 5~24.

    • Jiangxi Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 2017. Regional Geology of China, Jiangxi Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Jin Yugan, Fan Yingnian, Wang Xiangdong, Wang Rennong et al. 2000. Stratigraphical Lexicon of China-Carboniferous. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Kabanov P B, Alekseev A S, Gibshman N B, Gabdullin R R, Bershov A V. 2016. The upper Viséan-Serpukhovian in the type area for the Serpukhovian Stage (Moscow basin, Russia), Part 1: Sequences, disconformities, and biostratigraphic summary. Geological Journal, 51(2): 163~194.

    • K1rmac1 M Z, Akdağ K. 2005. Origin of dolomite in the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene limestone turbidites, eastern Pontides, Turkey. Sedimentary Geology, 181: 39~57.

    • Kuang Guodun, Li Jiaxiang, Zhoug Keng, Su Yibao, Tao Yebin. 1999. Carboniferous of Guangxi. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Lane H R, Brenckle P L, Baesemann J F, Richards B. 1999. The IUGS boundary in the middle of the Carboniferous: Arrow Canyon, Nevada, USA. Episodes, 22(4): 272~283.

    • Li Bin, Hu Bowen, Luo Qun. 2018. Tectonic sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary environment evolution of prototype basin in middle and upper Yangtze region. Coal Science and Technology, 46(2): 19~27 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Shuangying, Jin Fuquan, Huang Qisheng, Yan Huaixue. 2000. Study of the Carboniferous sequence strata and evolution of the Lower Yangtze basin. Geology of Anhui, 10(4): 241~247 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Shuangying, Jin Fuquan. 1994. Carboniferous palaeography in the lower Yangtze basin. Journal of Hefei University of Technology, 17(3): 167~174 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Tiesheng. 1993. Diagenetic epigenesis of the Carboniferous carbonates and formations of its dolomite. Geology of Chemical Minerals, 15(1): 33~41 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Yaoxi, Chen Hongming. 1984. Distribution rule in time and space of the dolomite member of Huanglong Formation in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces and its diachronous mechanism. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 49~58 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Ying, Wang Xiangdong, Hu Keyi, Huang Xing, Zhang Shuichang, Zhang Bin, Qi Yuping, Chen Jitao, Yao Le. 2021. Lithostratigraphic subdivision and correlation of the Carboniferous in China. Journal of Stratigraphy, 45(3): 303~318 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Yufa, Zhou Guangxin, Zhang Jiansheng, He Limin, Pei Jian. 1984. On the age of Laohudong dolomite and its diachronous characteristics. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 138~145 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Li Zubing, Xiao Yao, Liu Jun, Liu Yongliang, Ou Jiaqiang. 2021. Theory and Technology of Dolomite Genetic Mechanism Analysis. Beijing: China Science Press (in Chinese).

    • Liao Zhuoting, Wang Xiangdong, Wang Wei, Qi Yuping, Chen Bo, Zhang Yiqiang, Zhang Feng, Lin Wei, Feng Zhuo. 2010. The Carboniferous strata in MT·Longmen. Journal of Stratigraphy, 34(4): 349~362 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Lin Jiaxing, Li Hanming, Chen Jiahuai. 1984. The foraminifera assemblages (Zones) in the Huanglong Formation, west Hubei and their indication significance for the distribution of coal-rich zone in the Ma'an coal series. Mineral Deposits, 3(3): 85~94 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Liu Chao, Xie Qingbin, Wang Guiwen, He Wengang, Song Yifan, Tang Yong, Wang Yuhan. 2017. Rare earth element characteristics of the carboniferous Huanglong Formation dolomites in eastern Sichuan basin, Southwest China: Implications for origins of dolomitizing and diagenetic fluids. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 81: 33~49.

    • Liu Shiyu, Hu Mingyi, Hu Zhonggui, Dai Weiyan. 2015. Dolomite genesis of Carboniferous Huanglong Formation in eastern Sichuan basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 27(4): 40~46 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Long Ke. 2010. Carboniferous sequence lithofacies Palaeogeography characteristic and its evolution in south Guizhou and middle Guangxi. Master's thesis of Chengdu University of Technology (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Ma Hongjie, Zhang Shitao, Chen Xianfeng, Sui Sugang. 2014. Geochemical characteristics and genetic analysis of Carboniferous dolomite in Huize basin, Yunnan. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 32(1): 118~125 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Machel H G. 2004. Concepts and models of dolomitization: A critical reappraisal. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 235: 7~63.

    • Machel H G, Mountjoy E W. 1986. Chemistry and environments of dolomitization-a reappraisal. Earth Science Reviews, 23: 175~222.

    • McHargue T R, Price R C. 1982. Dolomite from clay in argillaceous or shale-associated marine carbonates. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 52: 873~886.

    • Miao Zhuowei, Gong Enpu, Zhang Yongli, Guan Changqing, Huang Wentao. 2020. Burial dolomitization, the genesis of dolomite in the Dapu Formation (Upper Carboniferous), Guixinan area, Youjiang basin, Southwest China: Petrologic and geochemical evidence. Carbonates and Evaporites, 35(2): 1~14.

    • Mii H S, Grossman E L, Yancey T E, Chuvashov B, Egorov A. 2001. Isotopic records of brachiopod shells from the Russian Platform—Evidence for the onset of Mid-Carboniferous glaciation. Chemical Geology, 175(1-2): 133~147.

    • Montañez I P, Poulsen C J. 2013. The Late Paleozoic ice age: An evolving paradigm. Annual Review of Earth & Planetary Sciences, 41: 629~656.

    • Qie Wenkun, Algeo T J, Luo Genming, Herrmann A. 2019. Global events of the Late Paleozoic (Early Devonian to Middle Permian): A review-science direct. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 531(Part A): 109259.

    • Rosa E L M, Isbell J L. 2021. Late Paleozoicglaciation. Encyclopedia of Geology (Second Edition), 534~545.

    • Rygel M C, Fielding C R, Frank T D, Birgenheier L P. 2008. The magnitude of Late Paleozoic glacioeustatic fluctuations: A synthesis. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 78(8): 500~511.

    • Shi Guangrong, Waterhouse J B. 2010. Late Palaeozoic global changes affecting high-latitude environments and biotas: An introduction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 298(1-2): 1~16.

    • Shi Yukun, Liu Jiarun, Yang Xiangning, Zhu Liming. 2009. Fusulinid faunas from the Datangian to Chihsian strata of the Zongdi section in Ziyun County, Guizhou Province. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 26(1): 1~30 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Tian Xiaoxu, Chen Jitao, Yao Le, Hu Keyi, Qi Yuping, Wang Xiangdong. 2020. Glacio-eustasy and δ13C across the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian boundary in the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean (South China): Implications for Mid-Carboniferous major glaciation. Geological Journal, 55: 2704~2716.

    • Ueno K, Hayakawa N, Nakazawa T, Wang Yue, Wang Xiangdong. 2013. Pennsylvanian-Early Permian cyclothemic succession on the Yangtze Carbonate Platform, South China. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 376(1): 235~267.

    • Wang Xiangdong, Qie Wenkun, Sheng Qingyi, Qi Yuping, Wang Yue, Liao Zhuoting, Shen Shuzhong, Ueno K. 2013. Carboniferous and Lower Permian sedimentological cycles and biotic events of South China. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 376(1): 33~46.

    • Wang Xiangdong, Hu Keyi, Huang Xing, Qiao Li, Wang Qiulai, Shen Yang, Sheng Qingyi, Li Xiaoming, Lin Wei, Shi Yukun. 2020. Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Index Fossils of China. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Wang Zhigen, Zhao Jiaming. 1989. Carboniferous Corals in Huize, Yunnan. Acta Palaeotologica Sinica, 28(1): 79~97+139~142 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Wang Zhongcheng, Wu Haoruo, Kuang Guodun. 1997. Characteristics of the Late Palaeozoic oceanic basalts and their eruptive environments in west Guangxi. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 13(2): 135~140 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Warren J. 2000. Dolomite: Occurrence, evolution and economically important. Earth-Science Reviews, 52(1): 1~81.

    • Wu Qi, Li Ximin. 1982. The stratigraphical division and stratigraphic correlation in the Carboniferous period in Fujian Province. Geology of Fujian, 1: 32~48+107~112 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Xia Bangdong. 1959. Several problems about lower part dolostone of the Mid-Carboniferous Huanglong-limestone in M. T. Ningzhen. Geological Review, 5: 212~215 (in Chinese).

    • Xie Shenggang, Tan Zhengxiu. 1983. The middle and upper Carboniferous division and fusulinid zones in central Hunan. Geology of Hunan, 2(2): 18~25 (in Chinese).

    • Yan Tiezeng, Qin Zhaosong, Wang De'en, Wang Jianguo, Xu Xingmiao, Cai Zihua. 2004. Stratigraphic division and correlation of the Laohudong Formation and Huanglong Formation in Zhejiang. Geology in China, 31(3): 278~283 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yin Hongfu, Wu Shunbao, Du Yuansheng, Peng Yuanqiao. 1999. South China defined as part of Tethyan archipelagic ocean system. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 24(1): 1~12 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Ying Zhong'e. 1984. Conodonts from the basal dolomite of Huanglong Formation in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces and its stratigraphical significance. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 14~26+163~165 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Ying Zhong'e, Wang Yunhui, Chen Huacheng, Zhang Ying, Bi Zhongqi. 1986. Age of the Laohudong dolomite in Nanjing area. Journal of Stratigraphy, 10(3): 216~220+252 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Ying Zhong'e. 1987. Carboniferous conodonts from Jiangsu and Anhui region. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 8(2): 92~98+149~150 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yue Wenzhe, Wei Naiyi. 1991. Genetic mechanism of the Carboniferous Laohudong dolomite and the secondary “megacrystalline limestone” in the lower Yangtze area. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 12(1): 52~65 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1990. Regional Geology of Yunnan Province. Beijing: Geology Press (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration. 1996. Yunnan Province Rock Strata. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press (in Chinese).

    • Zhang Jianyong, Guo Qingxin, Shou Jianfeng, Wang Bin, Pan Liyin, Zhou Jingao. 2013. Control of Neogene global eustasy on dolomitization: Revelation to the origin of dolomitization in palaeostrata. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 18(4): 46~52 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Xuefeng, Hu Wenxuan, Zhang Juntao. 2006. Crtical problems for dolomite formation and dolomitization models. Geological Science and Technology Information, 25(5): 32~40 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zhang Ying, Chen Hongming, Tang Zairu. 1984. Some genetic characteristics of Laohudong dolomite. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 5(1): 67~80+166~167 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • Zheng Rongcai, Peng Jun, Gao Hongcan. 2003. Palaeokarst-related characteristics and cycles of carbonate reservoirs in Huanglong Formation, upper Carboniferous, eastern Chongqing. Geology-Geochemistry, 31(1): 28~35 (in Chinese with English abstract).

    • 陈丛林, 史晓颖. 2006. 右江盆地晚古生代深水相地层沉积构造演化. 中国地质, 33(2): 436~443.

    • 陈浩如. 2010. 四川盆地东部石炭系岩相古地理及古岩溶地貌特征. 成都理工大学硕士学位论文.

    • 陈宏明, 吴祥和, 张瑛, 李耀西, 文琼英, 傅德鑫, 颜承锡, 刘卫红, 陈文一, 王东坡. 1994. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理与成矿作用. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 陈华成, 夏广胜, 肖立功, 胡世忠, 俞学光, 王云慧, 朱德寿, 金福全, 应中锷, 张瑛, 齐敦伦, 李玉发, 沈后, 李昌文. 1984. 苏浙皖地区黄龙灰岩下部白云岩时代的归属及对比. 地层学杂志, 8(3): 165~178+239~240.

    • 董致中, 季强. 1988. 云南宁蒗, 丽江地区石炭纪牙形石生物地层. 地层古生物论文集, 22: 35~65.

    • 方少仙, 侯方浩, 董兆雄, 朱晓惠. 1999. 黔桂泥盆、石炭系白云岩的形成模式. 石油与天然气地质, 20(1): 36~40.

    • 冯少南, 许寿永, 林甲兴, 杨德骊等. 1984. 长江三峡地区生物地层学(3)晚古生代分册. 北京: 地质出版社, 38~44.

    • 冯少南, 张仁杰. 1999. 鄂西地区大埔组几个问题的新认识. 华南地质与矿产, 3: 51~55.

    • 冯增昭, 杨玉卿, 鲍志东. 1998. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 冯增昭, 杨玉卿, 鲍志东. 1999. 中国南方石炭纪岩相古地理. 古地理学报, 1(1): 75~86.

    • 福建省地质矿产局. 1985. 福建省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 广东省地质矿产局. 1988. 广东省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 广东省地质矿产局. 1996. 广东省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

    • 贵州省地质调查院. 2017. 中国区域地质志: 贵州志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 贵州省地质矿产局. 1996. 贵州地层典. 贵阳: 贵州科技出版社.

    • 贵州省地质矿产局. 2008. 贵州省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

    • 赫云兰, 刘波, 秦善. 2010. 白云石化机理与白云岩成因问题研究. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 46(6): 1010~1020.

    • 胡忠贵. 2009. 川东—渝北地区石炭系白云岩成因与成岩系统研究. 成都理工大学博士学位论文.

    • 胡忠贵, 郑荣才, 胡九珍, 文华国, 李瑜, 文其兵, 徐发波. 2009. 川东—渝北地区黄龙组白云岩储层稀土元素地球化学特征. 地质学报, 83(6): 782~790.

    • 湖南省地质矿产局. 1988. 湖南省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 江西省地质矿产勘察开发局. 2017. 中国区域地质志: 江西志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 金玉玕, 范影年, 王向东等. 2000. 中国地层典: 石炭系. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 邝国敦, 李家骧, 钟铿, 苏一保, 陶业斌等. 1999. 广西的石炭系. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

    • 李斌, 胡博文, 罗群. 2018. 中、上扬子地区构造层序地层及原型盆地沉积环境演化. 煤炭科学技术, 46(2): 19~27.

    • 李双应, 金福全. 1994. 下扬子盆地石炭纪的古地理. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 17(3): 167~174.

    • 李双应, 金福全, 黄其胜, 颜怀学. 2000. 下扬子盆地石炭纪层序地层研究及盆地演化. 安徽地质, 10(4): 241~247.

    • 李铁生. 1993. 华南石炭系碳酸盐岩成岩后生作用及白云岩的成因. 化工地质, 15(1): 33~41.

    • 李耀西, 陈宏明. 1984. 苏浙皖地区黄龙组下部白云岩的时空分布规律及其穿时的机理. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 49~58.

    • 李莹, 王向东, 胡科毅, 黄兴, 张水昌, 张斌, 祁玉平, 陈吉涛, 要乐. 2021. 中国石炭纪岩石地层划分和对比. 地层学杂志, 45(3): 303~318.

    • 李玉发, 周光新, 张建胜, 贺立民, 裴键. 1984. 安徽巢县老虎洞白云岩的时代归属及其穿时特征. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 138~145.

    • 李祖兵, 肖尧, 刘均, 刘永良, 欧家强. 2021. 白云岩成因机理分析理论与技术. 北京: 科学出版社.

    • 廖卓庭, 王向东, 王伟, 祁玉平, 陈波, 张燚强, 张峰, 林巍, 冯卓. 2010. 龙门山的石炭系. 地层学杂志, 34(4): 349~362.

    • 林甲兴, 黎汉明, 陈家怀. 1984. 鄂西黄龙期有孔虫组合(带)及其与马鞍煤系富煤带分布规律的关系. 矿床地质, 3(3): 85~94.

    • 刘诗宇, 胡明毅, 胡忠贵, 戴危艳. 2015. 四川盆地东部石炭系黄龙组白云岩成因. 岩性油气藏, 27(4): 40~46.

    • 隆轲. 2010. 黔南—桂中地区石炭纪层序岩相古地理特征及演化. 成都理工大学硕士学位论文.

    • 马宏杰, 张世涛, 程先锋, 眭素刚. 2014. 云南会泽石炭系摆佐组白云岩地球化学特征及其成因分析. 沉积学报, 32(1): 118~125.

    • 史宇坤, 刘家润, 杨湘宁, 朱李鸣. 2009. 贵州省紫云县宗地剖面早石炭世大塘期—早二叠世栖霞期的类动物群. 微体古生物学报, 26(1): 1~30.

    • 王向东, 胡科毅, 黄兴, 乔丽, 王秋来, 沈阳, 盛青怡, 李小铭, 林巍, 史宇坤. 2020. 中国石炭纪地层及标志化石图集. 杭州: 浙江大学出版社.

    • 王志根, 赵嘉明. 1989. 云南会泽石炭纪珊瑚. 古生物学报, 28(1): 79~97+139~142.

    • 王忠诚, 吴浩若, 邝国敦. 1997. 桂西晚古生代海相玄武岩的特征及其形成环境. 岩石学报, 13(2): 135~140.

    • 吴岐, 李希敏. 1982. 福建省石炭纪地层划分与对比. 福建地质, 1: 32~48+107~112.

    • 夏邦栋. 1959. 关于宁镇山脉中石炭纪黄龙灰岩下部白云岩的几个问题. 地质论评, 5: 212~215.

    • 谢盛刚, 谭正修. 1983. 湘中地区中上石炭统划分及其()类化石分带. 湖南地质, 2(2): 18~25.

    • 颜铁增, 覃兆松, 王德恩, 汪建国, 许兴苗, 蔡子华. 2004. 浙江省老虎洞组和黄龙组地层划分与对比. 中国地质, 31(3): 278~283.

    • 殷鸿福, 吴顺宝, 杜远生, 彭元桥. 1999. 华南是特提斯多岛洋体系的一部分. 地球科学, 24(1): 1~12.

    • 应中锷. 1984. 苏浙皖地区上石炭统黄龙组下部白云岩中的牙形刺及其地层意义. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 14~26+163~165.

    • 应中锷. 1987. 苏皖地区石炭纪牙形刺. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 8(2): 92~98+149~150.

    • 应中锷, 王云慧, 陈华成, 张瑛, 毕仲其. 1986. 南京地区“老虎洞白云岩”的时代. 地层学杂志, 10(3): 216~220+252.

    • 岳文浙, 魏乃颐. 1991. 关于老虎洞白云岩及其上“粗晶灰岩”的形成机制. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 12(1): 52~65.

    • 云南省地质矿产局. 1990. 云南省区域地质志. 北京: 地质出版社.

    • 云南省地质矿产局. 1996. 云南省岩石地层. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社.

    • 张建勇, 郭庆新, 寿建峰, 王彬, 潘立银, 周进高. 2013. 新近纪海平面变化对白云石化的控制及对古老层系白云岩成因的启示. 海相油气地质, 18(4): 46~52.

    • 张学丰, 胡文瑄, 张军涛. 2006. 白云岩成因相关问题及主要形成模式. 地质科技情报, 25(5): 32~40.

    • 张瑛, 陈宏明, 汤再如. 1984. 老虎洞白云岩的成因特征. 中国地质科学院南京地质矿产研究所所刊, 5(1): 67~80+166~167.

    • 郑荣才, 彭军, 高红灿. 2003. 渝东黄龙组碳酸盐岩储层的古岩溶特征和岩溶旋回. 地质地球化学, 31(1): 28~35.