An in- depth investigation of the shale gas enrichment mechanism is the basis for guaranteeing efficient exploration and development. Through a systematic analysis of shale gas exploration and development practices in the Wufeng Formation- Longmaxi Formation of the Sichuan basin, we have summarized previous research results and conducted an in- depth analysis of the shale gas enrichment mechanism from four aspects: generation mechanism, migration mechanism, occurrence mechanism, and preservation mechanism. Additionally, we have discussed the potential for exploration and development of deep and normal- pressure shale gas. The results show that, in terms of generation mechanism, the burial history and thermal evolution history control the generation and expulsion history of hydrocarbons, the expulsion amount, and the current gas content in shale. The migration mechanism of shale gas involves four aspects: migration dynamics, migration phase, migration mode, and migration pathway. Shale gas migration mainly presents the initial migration within the source rock, and the influencing factors of the initial migration were discussed. For the occurrence mechanism of shale gas, the interaction force between methane and shale exhibits a multi- molecular layer adsorption and microporous filling phenomenon. The component wettability and pore effectiveness are the key factors determining the adsorption occurrence and desorption migration of methane. Regarding the preservation mechanism of shale gas, the main preservation mechanism is the cap rock and self- sealing of reservoir properties, while the fracture- fluid activity caused by tectonic movement is the main reason for the destruction of shale gas preservation conditions. The study of the timing and duration of fluid activity is an important part of the quantitative evaluation of shale gas preservation conditions and gas content. The systematic analysis and innovative understanding of the shale gas enrichment mechanism provide an important basis for shale gas exploration and development evaluation. Combined with the practice of shale gas exploration, we analyzed the genesis mechanism and main characteristics of deep and normal- pressure shale gas and pointed out the next step of the research content and exploration direction.