摩天岭达亮铀矿床类型再讨论:来自沥青铀矿元素和同位素的证据
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1.地球科学学院,东华理工大学;2.东华理工大学;3.核工业二三〇研究所;4.核资源与环境国家重点实验室

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国家自然科学基金(编号42072095)和中国核工业地质局高校科研攻关项目(编号201619)


Re-discussion on genetic type of the Daliang Uranium deposit at Motianling: evidence from elemental and isotopic compositions of pitchblende
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1.East China University of Technology;2.east China University of technology;3.Research Institute No.230;4.State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment;5.East China University of technology

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    摘要:

    达亮铀矿床位于广西北部新元古代摩天岭岩体内,是华南与花岗岩有关最老的热液铀矿床。近些年的研究成果显示达亮铀矿床与华南中生代花岗岩有关的热液铀矿床呈现截然不同的特征,暗示可能属于不同的矿床成因类型。沥青铀矿元素和同位素组成是厘定成矿时代、探讨矿床成因类型有利的工具。因此,在总结前人研究工作的基础之上,本文开展沥青铀矿元素分析和同位素定年等工作,以制约达亮铀矿床成矿年龄并探讨其成因类型。结果表明,达亮铀矿床沥青铀矿具有轻重稀土分异不明显及弱的Eu负异常等特征,与同变质铀矿床沥青铀矿稀土稀土元素配分模式相似。电子探针U-Th-Pb化学定年LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年测得达亮铀矿床成矿年龄分别为378 Ma和376±4 Ma(MSWD=0.62),与区内韧性变形事件时间耦合,表明矿床形成于中泥盆世,暗示矿床的形成与区域韧性变形存在联系。结合前人对于达亮铀矿床成矿流体高盐度(平均19% NaClequvi)和稳定同位素限定的变质流体来源,可认为达亮铀矿床可能并不是传统的与花岗岩有关的热液脉型铀矿床,可能属于同变质铀矿床的范畴。在泥盆纪摩天岭地区正向剪切拆离的过程中,先在中下地层形成的韧性剪切带上隆抬升至浅地表时,花岗糜棱岩进入脆-韧性变形区。变质流体萃取花岗岩中的铀并运移到脆-韧性变形区沉淀,形成达亮同变质铀矿床。本研究提出华南花岗岩中可能存在同变质铀矿床,这暗示华南热液铀矿床可能存在不同的成因类型和成矿作用过程,这一发现对于今后华南铀矿找矿及科研工作具有重要有意义,值得引起关注。

    Abstract:

    The Daliang uranium deposit is located in the Motianling pluton, northern Guangxi Province. It represents the oldest uranium deposit that related to granitoid in South China. Recent studies indicate that the Daliang uranium deposit exhibits distinct characteristics from typical hydrothermal uranium deposits related to the Mesozoic granites in South China, suggesting the possibility of a different deposit genetic type. The elemental chemistry and isotopic compositions of pitchblende are favorable tools for determining the mineralization age and exploring the deposit genesis type. Therefore, based on previous research, this study conducts the chemical composition and isotopic dating of pitchblende to determine the mineralization age and genesis type of the Daliang uranium deposit. The research results demonstrate that the pitchblende in the Daliang deposit exhibits features such as insignificant fractionation between LREE and HREE with weak negative Eu anomaly, which are similar to typical pitchblende in synmetamorphic uranium deposits. Using EMPA U-Th-Pb chemical dating and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic dating, the mineralization ages of the Daliang uranium deposit are determined to be 378 Ma and 376±4 Ma (MSWD=0.62), respectively, coupled with regional ductile deformation events, indicating that the deposit formed during the Late Devonian and suggesting a connection to regional ductile deformation. Combining previous studies on the high salinity of the mineralizing fluids in the Daliang uranium deposit (average 19% NaCl equivalent) and the stable isotopic constraints on the fluid source, it can be inferred that the Daliang deposit is likely not a traditional hydrothermal vein-type uranium deposit associated with granite but should be classified as a synmetamorphic uranium deposit. During the process of forward shearing detachment at Motianling during the Devonian period, when the uplifted brittle-ductile shear zone formed in the middle to lower strata reaches shallow depths, the granitic mylonite enters the brittle-ductile deformation zone. The mineralizing fluids extract uranium from the granite and precipitate in the brittle-ductile deformation zone, forming the Daliang metasomatic uranium deposit. This study establishes, for the first time, the presence of synmetamorphic uranium deposits in granites of South China. This implies the potential involvement of different genetic models and processes in the hydrothermal uranium deposits of South China. This finding holds significant importance for future uranium exploration and research in South China and deserves attention.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-22
  • 最后修改日期:2023-09-14
  • 录用日期:2023-09-15
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