Numerical simulation is a method that uses computers to solve engineering, physical, and even natural problems by numerical calculation and graphical display. With the development of high- performance computing, numerical simulation has been widely used in structural deformation research of sedimentary basins and has achieved fruitful results. Based on a review of previous studies, four main numerical simulation methods are introduced: finite element method, finite difference method, boundary element method, and discrete element method. Then, the results of previous studies have been summarized to conclude the effects of several first- order parameters on the geometry and evolution of fold- and- thrust belts in basin deformation. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of numerical simulation and to guide future researchers to apply this method in basin deformation. Finally, the limitations and future perspectives have been discussed.