In recent years, a lot of work has been done on the oil, gas and geothermal resources in the Sanmenxia faulted basin, but the genetic mechanism is less studied, which seriously restricts the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources. On the basis of previous research, combined with field geological survey and the use of high -precision deep reflections seismic profile, magnetotelluric (MT), gravity and magnetic geophysical exploration technology, Sanmenxia Basin comprehensive study. It is found that the Sanmenxia Basin is mainly composed of two negative flower-like structures in the east and west, and the west flower-like structure is larger than the east flower-like structure. The eastern edge of the basin is adjacent to the Luoyang Depression and the Guanyintang uplift. The Guanyintang uplift has a lens-like low-velocity body in shell, and large scale hidden reverse faults are developed on the east and west sides of the uplift. The Moho surface in the study area is a detachment layer with a thickness of about 5 km, which shows earthworm reflection characteristics on the deep reflection seismic profile, indicating that the detachment layer moves westward. Several new arc-shaped faults were found in the upper and lower parts of the Moho detachment layer. The comprehensive study of geological and geophysical data shows that the decoupling of the Moho detachment layer is the main reason for the formation of the flower structure in the Sanmenxia fault depression basin. Under the action of different temporal and spatial tectonic forces, the Cenozoic whole crust rotating floral tectonic basin was formed in the study area.