苏尼特左旗早中生代变质核杂岩韧性拆离带构造剥露过程及地质意义
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本文为国家自然科学基金项目(编号41662014)与江西省自然科学基金项目- 青年基金项目(编号20202BABL213031)联合资助的成果


Exhumation process and geological significance of the ductile detachment
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    摘要:

    苏尼特左旗变质核杂岩位于中亚造山带东南部,其发育一走向近EW、倾向S的低角度伸展型拆离带,主要由下盘的二叠纪—三叠纪侵入体、韧性剪切带(糜棱岩带)、脆性拆离断层面及上盘的古生代和元古宙岩石组成。韧性拆离带内主要岩石类型为花岗质糜棱岩,宏观尺度普遍发育面理与线理,产状为145°~194°∠34°~55°与185°~228°∠15°~39°。显微尺度下石英强烈定向成拔丝状、并具亚颗粒旋转重结晶现象;长石形成不对称的旋转碎斑系及核幔构造。剪切带内不对称长石碎斑、云母鱼、S- C组构等指示上盘向SW方向剪切。以拆离带内强变形糜棱岩及下盘哈拉图岩体为测年对象,两个花岗质糜棱岩与下盘不变形花岗岩的锆石U- Pb年龄为244. 4±1. 8 Ma、244. 0±2. 4 Ma与229. 4±2. 1 Ma;锆石(U- Th)/He的年龄为212. 5±13. 1 Ma、214. 1±13. 2 Ma。结合区域构造背景与前人研究资料,认为苏尼特拆离带变形起始时限为244 Ma以后,变形峰期时限为224 Ma并持续至214 Ma。苏尼特左旗变质核杂岩韧性拆离带在244~224 Ma与224~213 Ma两个时期的冷却速率分别为18. 5 ℃/Ma与 16. 3 ℃/Ma,隆升速率为0. 54 km/Ma与0. 48 km/Ma,早期以简单剪切为主的一般剪切作用与晚期以纯剪切为主的一般剪切作用共同制约苏尼特左旗变质核杂岩韧性拆离带的构造剥露过程。本文成果显示在华北北缘到中亚造山带之间早中生代存在一地壳快速隆升事件,可能为中亚造山带最终闭合后的伸展垮塌与蒙古- 鄂霍茨克构造带的远程效应共同作用结果。

    Abstract:

    The Sonid Zuoqi ductile metamorphic core complexes, which are located on the south- eastern margin of the CAOB, includes a extensional ductile detachment zone which strike EW and dip to S. The footwall of this detachment zone consists of Permian- Triassic intrusions, ductile shear zone (mylonite zone) and brittle detachment fault zone, and the hangwall composes of Palaeozoic and Proterozoic rocks. The major rock types of the Sonid Zuoqi ductile detachment zone are mylonites which are generally characterized by a down- dip stretching lineation which plunges to 15°~39° toward 185°~228°and well- developed mylonitic foliation (S- C foliation) which dips toward 145°~194° at 34°~55°. At the microscopic scale, the quartz is strongly oriented to wire- drawing and has sub- particle recrystallization. The feldspar forms asymmetric rotational cataclastic system and core- mantle structure. Shear- sense indicators such as asymmetric porphyroclasts, S- C fabric and mica- fish, consistently indicate top- to- the- SW shear. The strong deformation mylonite and Halatu plutons within the footwall of detachment zone are taken as the dating objects and yields zircon U- Pb ages of 244.4±1.8 Ma, 244.0±2.4 Ma and 229.4±2.1 Ma; (U- Th)/He age of 212.5±13.1 Ma and 214.1±13.2 Ma for two strong deformation mylonite and the granite with the detachment zone, respectively. Combined with the regional tectonic background and previous research data, it is considered that the initial deformation time of the Sonid Zuoqi detachment zone was after 244 Ma, and the deformation peak time was 224 Ma and continued to 214 Ma. The cooling rates of the ductile detachment zone of the Sonid Zuoqi metamorphic core complex during 244~224 Ma and 224~214 Ma are 18.5 ℃/Ma and 16.3 ℃/Ma, respectively, and the uplift rates are 0.54 km/Ma and 0.48 km/Ma, respectively. The early simple shear- dominated general shear and the late pure shear- dominated general shear jointly restrict the structural denudation process of the Sonid Zuoqi metamorphic core complex. The results of this paper show that there was a rapid crustal uplift event in the early Mesozoic between the northern margin of North China and the Central Asian orogenic belt, which may be the result of the combined action of the collapse after the final closure of the Central Asian orogenic belt and the far- field effect of the Mongolia- Okhotsk tectonic belt.

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李建波,王志勇,宋志杰,曾涛,雷恒聪.2023.苏尼特左旗早中生代变质核杂岩韧性拆离带构造剥露过程及地质意义[J].地质学报,97(10):3237-3251.
LI Jianbo, WANG Zhiyong, SONG Zhijie, ZENG Tao, LEI Hengcong.2023. Exhumation process and geological significance of the ductile detachment[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,97(10):3237-3251.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-16
  • 最后修改日期:2022-08-30
  • 录用日期:2022-09-13
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-10-31
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