The gneiss dome is an important tool to reveal the orogeny processes of subduction-exhumation and collision-exhumation. In the Tibetan Plateau, many gneiss dome swarms are distributed in the Paleotethyan and Neotethyan terranes, formed during the subduction-exhumation and/or collision-exhumation process. Superlarge spodumene deposit has been discovered in the pegmatite veins intruded the schist of the Triassic Jiajika gneiss dome in the Songpan-Ganze orogen, showing close spatio-temporal linkage between gneiss domal structure, syn-tectonic granite, ore-bearing pegmatite, and indosinian large decollement zone. The prospecting and exploration of relevant deposits in gneiss domes are a target in the future.