西藏列廷冈-勒青拉Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn矿区成矿岩体锆石U-Pb年代学与岩石地球化学特征
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本文为国家“973”项目(编号2011CB403104)、国家自然科学基金项目(编号41403043、41320104004、41273050、41302067)、中央级公益性基本业务费专项基金(编号J1314)、中国地质调查局项目(编号1212011220908)及国际地质对比计划(IGCP/SIDA-600) 联合资助成果。


Zircon U-Pb Dating and Geochemical Characteristics of Metallogenetic Rock from the Lietinggang-Leqingla Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn Deposit in Tibet
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    摘要:

    西藏冈底斯北缘发育一条矽卡岩型Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn多金属成矿带,列廷冈-勒青拉矿床是这条带上同时发育Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn四个矿种的最具代表性矿床。矿区内Fe-Cu矿体位于列廷冈矿段和勒青拉矿段东侧,Pb-Zn矿体位于勒青拉矿段西侧,与成矿作用相关的居布扎日岩体位于矿区东南部,呈复式岩体,以大面积岩基产状出露。岩体北侧列廷冈Fe-Cu-(Mo)矿段的花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄为62.85±0.58 Ma,为印度-欧亚大陆碰撞造山带主碰撞早期岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学分析表明该套岩石属于高钾钙碱性、准铝质向过铝质过渡花岗岩;其Rb、Ba、Th、U、Pb等大离子亲石元素(LILE)强烈富集,Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素(HFSE)和Sr强烈亏损;稀土总量变化于173.23×10-6~208.98×10-6之间,(La/Yb)N介于5.71~6.24之间,具有中等负Eu异常(0.45~0.54),富集轻稀土元素(LREE),相对亏损重稀土元素(HREE);总体具有弧火山岩的地球化学特征。锆石结晶温度平均为693℃,岩体的氧逸度较小,平均为-8.63,表明其岩浆经历了在水近饱和条件下发生的熔融过程。锆石176Hf/177Hf=0.282557~0.282927,εHf(t)=-6.25~6.79,平均地壳模式年龄TDMC=696~1522 Ma,表明成矿岩体岩浆源区具有幔源岩浆混染壳源岩浆特征,这也成为形成矽卡岩型Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn多金属矿化共存的主导因素。结合前人及本次研究结果,建立冈底斯北亚带Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn多金属矿化成矿过程如下:在印-亚大陆碰撞造山带主碰撞早期,俯冲的新特提斯洋板片发生回卷引起软流圈地幔上涌,诱发楔形地幔区部分熔融,经MASH过程产生的幔源岩浆上侵,并在部分地区遭受与壳源岩浆的混染甚至混合。当幔源岩浆与壳源岩浆分别上侵并与碳酸盐岩地层相互作用时,矿区形成矽卡岩型Fe-Cu和矽卡岩型Pb-Zn矿化,但当壳幔混源的岩浆上侵并与碳酸盐岩地层相互作用时,矿区则形成矽卡岩型Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn等多金属矿化。

    Abstract:

    A skarn-type Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn polymetallic mineralization was developed in the northern margin of Gangdise, and the Lietinggang-Leqingla deposit is the most representative deposit in this zone because it contains Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn minerals. The Fe-Cu ore body is located in the Lietinggang ore block and in the eastern Leqingla ore block, while Pb-Zn orebodies occur in the western part of the Leqingla ore block. The Jubuzhari complex pluton related to mineralization locates in the southeast of mining area and occurs as large batholith. The zircon U-Pb age of granodiorite-porphyry from the Lietinggang Fe-Cu-(Mo) deposit(62.85±0.58)Ma (n=20,MSWD=1.05), indicating that the pluton was the product of the main collision at early period of India-Asia continental collision orogeny. Petrogeochemistry shows the granodiorite-porphyry belongs to High-K, calc-alkaline and from metaluminous to peraluminous rocks. These rocks are enriched in LILE (Rb, Ba, Th, U and Pb) and depleted in HFSE (Nb, Ta, Ti, P) and Sr, and are enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE, with the ∑REE of 173.23~208.98×106 and (La/Yb)N values between 5.71~6.24 and medium δEu values (0.45~0.54), suggesting the geochemical characteristics of arc-volcanic rocks. The average temperature of zircon crystallization 693℃ and the pluton has low average of oxygen fugacity (average -8.63), indicating that the magma had experienced melting process under the condition of water nearly saturated. The granodiorite-porphyry has 176Hf/177Hf of 0.282557~0.282927, with εHf(t) of -6.25~6.79 and model age of crust TDMC/Hf from 696 Ma to 1522 Ma, suggesting that the magmatic source area of metallogenic pluton is characterized with mantle-derived magma hybrid shell source magma, which is also the main factor why it formed skarn type Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn polymetallic mineralization. Combining previous results and this study, we establish the mineralization process of Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn polymetallic mineralization in the northern Gangdise as follows: In the early main collisional period of India-Asia continental collision orogeny, subduction and revolution of the Neo Tethys oceanic crust resulted in the upwelling of asthenosphere mantle and then triggered partial melting of mantle wedge area; mantle-derived magma came into being after MASH process, and mixed crustal source magma. Respective upwelling of mantle-derived magma and crustal source magma and interaction with carbonate rock resulted in the formation of skarn type Fe-Cu and skarn type Pb-Zn mineralization in the mining area, but when uprising of mixing crust-mantle magma and interaction with carbonate rock was responsible for the formation of skarn type Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn.

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马旺,杨竹森,侯增谦,李振清,费凡,付强,段连峰,赵晓燕,裴英茹,韩朝辉,刘英超.2015.西藏列廷冈-勒青拉Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn矿区成矿岩体锆石U-Pb年代学与岩石地球化学特征[J].地质学报,89(9):1655-1672.
MA Wang, YANG Zhusen, HOU Zengqian, LI Zhenqing, FEI Fan, FU Qiang, DUAN Lianfeng, ZHAO Xiaoyan, PEI Yingru, HAN Chaohui, LIU Yingchao.2015. Zircon U-Pb Dating and Geochemical Characteristics of Metallogenetic Rock from the Lietinggang-Leqingla Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn Deposit in Tibet[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,89(9):1655-1672.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-09-16