巴基斯坦贾盖火山岩浆岩带斑岩型铜-金矿床地质特征、成矿作用及找矿潜力
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本文为中国地质调查局项目“中亚南亚资源潜力综合分析与成果应用”(编号12120115066601)、“苏莱曼山-喀喇昆仑山成矿地质背景和成矿规律对比研究”(编号 1212011120336)和“东特提斯碰撞造山成矿作用”项目(编号 ICGP/SIDA-600)联合资助成果。


Geological Features, Mineralization and Ore-Prospecting Potential of Porphyry Cu-Au Deposits in the Chagai Volcanoplutonic Belt, Pakistan
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    摘要:

    贾盖火山岩浆岩带是巴基斯坦境内西部第二大岩浆弧,属于特提斯成矿域的重要组成部分之一。晚渐新世—中新世,随着新特提斯洋的闭合,阿拉伯板块、印度板块与欧亚板块不断碰撞。在持续的挤压条件下,巴基斯坦西部发育了一系列逆冲褶皱系统,并且先后经历了中—晚始新世(43~37 Ma)、早中新世(24~22 Ma和18~16 Ma)、中中新世(13~10 Ma)和晚中新世—早上新世(6~4 Ma)4次大规模的岩浆作用,形成了贾盖火山岩浆岩带,赋存有48个斑岩型铜金矿床(点)、远景区。根据区域地质及矿化情况,可将贾盖火山岩浆岩带内的斑岩型铜-金矿床分为东、西两部分。前者主要分布在贾盖侵入体的边缘或与围岩接触带中,矿体产于晚白垩世辛贾拉尼群碎屑岩和始新世贾盖侵入体中;后者则分布在索尔科侵入体的岩株中,矿体产于古新世和更年轻的碎屑岩和火山岩中。矿体主要与磁铁矿系列的石英闪长斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩相关,具有钙碱性系列的特征,围岩热液蚀变分带明显,自岩体中心向外依次为钾硅酸化(钾化)、泥化、石英绢云母化、青磐岩化。境内外斑岩铜矿产出特征显示,索尔科侵入岩可能符合“小岩体成大矿”的现实情况,贾盖侵入岩的大型复合岩基中也可能存在斑岩铜矿床,具有很好的找矿潜力。最新勘查资料显示,贾盖火山岩浆岩带已发现的48个矿床(点)、远景区可能都具有很好的找矿前景和巨大的资源潜力,如萨因达克、雷克迪克、塔拉鲁格、科·伊·达利尔等矿床(点)、远景区,以及Western War Chah斑岩体,尤其是贾盖火山岩浆岩带西部和Koh Dalil(Rackodiq)矿点。

    Abstract:

    The Chagai Volcanoplutonic Belt (CVB), served as the second largest magmatic arc in western Pakistan, belongs to an essential part of the Tethyan Metallogenic Domain. With the closure of the Neo Tethys Ocean, the Arabian and Indian plates collided with Eurasian plate from Late Oligocene to Miocene. Under the condition of continuous extrusion, series of thrust-folding system were formed in western Pakistan, and Pakistan experienced 4 large-scale magmatic activities: Middle-Late Eocene (43~37 Ma), Early Miocene (24~22 Ma and 18~16 Ma), Middle Miocene (13~10 Ma) and Late Miocene-Early Pliocene (6~4 Ma). And then, the CVB was formed, which developed 48 porphyry Cu-Au deposits (occurrences) or prospected area. Based on the information of regional geology and mineralization, the porphyry Cu-Au deposits in the CVB can be divided into two parts: the eastern one and western one. The former occurred in the margin of Chagai intrusion or the contact zone between Chagai intrusion and its wall rocks, and the ore-bodies developed into clastic rocks in Late Cretaceous Sinjrani Group strata and Eocene Chagai intrusion. The latter occurs within the stocks of Sor Koh intrusive rocks, which were developed in Paleocene or youngest clastic and volcanic rocks. For these porphyry deposits, the ore-bodies are associated with magnetite-series quartz diorite porphyry and granodiorite porphyry, with typically calc-alkaline in composition. Hydrothermal alteration has a clear zoning, including potassium silicate (potassic), clay, silicate sericitic, and propylitic alterations. The output characteristics of porphyry copper deposits inside and outside China show that, Sor Koh intrusion may be conform to the current situation of "little intrusion forming large deposit", and some porphyry copper deposits may be occurred within large composite batholith of Chagai intrusive rocks, so both of these intrusions have good ore-prospecting potential. The latest exploration data suggest that 48 porphyry deposits (occurrences) or prospected area maybe have very good prospecting perspective and great resource potentiality, such as Saindak, Reko Diq, Talaruk, Koh-e-Dalil and Western War Chah porphyries, especially Koh Dalil (Rackodiq) and the porphyry deposits (occurrences) or prospected area in western part of the CVB.

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吕鹏瑞,姚文光,张海迪,杨博,洪俊,曹凯.2015.巴基斯坦贾盖火山岩浆岩带斑岩型铜-金矿床地质特征、成矿作用及找矿潜力[J].地质学报,89(9):1629-1642.
LV Pengrui, YAO Wenguang, ZHANG Haidi, YANG Bo, HONG Jun, CAO Kai.2015. Geological Features, Mineralization and Ore-Prospecting Potential of Porphyry Cu-Au Deposits in the Chagai Volcanoplutonic Belt, Pakistan[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,89(9):1629-1642.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-09-16
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