锡在高温气相里的迁移实验与南岭大厂 矿区100号矿体形成机制
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本文为深部探测技术与实验研究专项SinoProbe 03 01 2A项目,国家地质调查项目:科[2013]01 062 014,SinoProbe 07 02 03项目,2010G28,20010302项目资助成果。


Tin Transportation Experiments in High Temperature Vapour Phase and Mechanism of Forming No.100 Ore Body in Dachang, Nanling
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    摘要:

    我国著名大型锡矿大厂矿区的100号矿体是一个不规则的大脉状矿体,由质密锡铅锌矿石组成。该大脉矿体长度约1200多米。大厂矿区矿床形成过程有两个主要矿化阶段:早期锡石硫化物阶段和晚期的硫盐锡石多金属矿化阶段。矿物流体包体数据表明:早期形成于300~400℃(450℃)条件下,有高盐度流体包体与低盐度流体包体共存,流体处于从超临界流体进入近临界的气液两相不混溶区过渡阶段,有流体沸腾现象;晚期流体盐度变化小处于降温过程。而100号矿体形成于300~360℃,压力较低,仅为824MPa。本次研究设计一含锡溶液从超临界态进入亚临界态的气液不混溶区的实验,研究金属在气-液间再分配过程。实验模拟一个非平衡的气液分离反应动力学过程。重点研究含Sn NaHCO3 HCl H2O在近临界压(25~22MPa) 和8~14MPa、380~300℃条件下,在亚临界态气-液两相不混溶区时相分离过程。气液分离实验是恒压降温过程。结果表明:近临界区NaHCO3 HCl H2O的NaCl H2O体系出现气-液(L V)分离现象。降温远离临界点时,在V与L相里的Na、Cl浓度比:Na(V/L)、Cl(V/L)比值多数远小于1,Na、Cl主要分布在液相里。实验表明出现含Sn溶液的V L两相分离过程,并且,Sn已在L V间再分配,Sn(V/L)多数大于1。说明Sn多数情况下分布于气相里(贫NaCl富H2O CO2)。在380~250℃范围内NaCl H2O CO2体系包含的H2O CO2体系也出现V L两相不混溶区。实验发现H2O CO2的L V分离过程中,气相里HCO-3和CO2-3分布很少,CO2多。同时,锡在H2O CO2 的L V间也存在再分配,锡分布在富CO2气体里。实验说明富CO2气体迁移锡。实验为地质解释提供依据,说明100号矿体形成于快速减压的大型裂隙条件下。在300~360℃下压力减低,使含金属流体迅速进入L V两相不混溶区,气体快速迁移金属,快速沉积金属矿石。

    Abstract:

    Experiments on Sn transportation by vapors and related ore forming mechanism about orebody No100 in Dachang Tin orefield. There is a large orebody No.100 in the famous, Dachang Tin ore field. This orebody exhibits an irregular form distributed within more than 1200m in length. The ore formations can be divided into two stages: early stage of cassiterite sulfides, and late stage of cassiterite Pb/Sb sulfide sulfosalt. Fluid inclusion data from minerals indicates that in the early stage, at 300~400℃(450℃), high salinity fluid inclusions coexist with the low salinity fluid inclusions. Those data demonstrate that the ore bearing supercritical fluids progressively entered in to L V two phase immiscibility field boiling phenomena were present. In the late stage, the variation in salinity is small, and temperature deceases continuously. The orebody No 100 occurred at temperatures 300 to 360℃, and pressure at 8.24MPa. This study designed L V immiscibility field experiments, in which Sn bearing super critical fluids fall in the subcritical states, and focused analyzing Sn redistribution between vapor and liquid phases as entering in L V two phase immisciblity field. The experiments are non equilibrium processes. Experiments mainly concentrated on analyzing the L V separation in + the V L two phase immiscibility field as a supercritical fluids (Zn) NaHCO3 HCl H2O entering to sub critical state at pressures 25~22MPa and 8~14MPa,at temperatures from 380~300℃. The experiments are isobaric processes and decreasing temperature. Results indicate that the L V separation of NaCl H2O occurred in the sub critical states of the Sn NaHCO3 HCl H2O. As far from the critical point, Na and Cl distributed in vapor and liquid, Na (V/L) and Cl (V/L) are progressively less than 1. It shows that Na and Cl mainly distributed in liquid phase. Those facts demonstrated that metal redistribution between vapor and liquid phases occurred, and Sn redistributed between L and V phases. Sn (V/L) is always much larger than 1. Sn is distributed in a poor NaCl, H2O CO2 vapor phase. At temperatures from 380~250℃, H2O CO2V L two phase immiscibility field occurred in the NaCl H2O CO2. Experiments found that in the L V separation processes of H2O CO2, HCO-3and CO2-3are weakly distributed in vapor phase, and mainly distributed in liquid phase. CO2 is rich in vapor phase. Sn is redistributed between in liquid and in vapor phases, and is rich in vapor phases.Experiments demonstrated that ore precipitated rapidly in the large cranny as it rapidly opened, then forming large orebody No 100. At temperatures from 300~360℃ and at low pressure (8.24MPa), ore forming fluids entering L V two phase immisciblity field, the vapor phase bearing Sn, Zn etc., transported rapidly and ores precipitated quickly.

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张雪彤,张荣华,胡书敏.2014.锡在高温气相里的迁移实验与南岭大厂 矿区100号矿体形成机制[J].地质学报,88(4):716-735.
.2014. Tin Transportation Experiments in High Temperature Vapour Phase and Mechanism of Forming No.100 Ore Body in Dachang, Nanling[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,88(4):716-735.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-02-25
  • 最后修改日期:2013-03-20
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-04-30
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