Abstract:Mineral resources assessment (MRA) is shaped by the work of metalloge nicrese arch and prognosis for making recommen dations of prospecting target areasand geological work deployments;it belongs to the preliminary processes of mineral exploration with the integrating nature of basic, public, scientific researching and precursory. Three rounds of national wide MRA have been accomplished in China, under the leadership of departments of land and resources, i.e., being proposed by the government,and enforced by government affiliated geological exploration enterprises and scientific research in stitutions.The achievements of MRA provide data base and scientific basis for arranging mineral exploration,as well as for the documentation of Geologicaland Mineral Resources Security Projects and medium to long term development plans. The achievements are also directly applied in practices of the National Exploration and Development Planning projects, and exploration of large and superlarge ore deposits. MRA programs are guided theoretically by the regional metallogeny, in which the most effective is the theory of minerogenetic series. The third round of MRA in China has demonstrated its results to be fruitful in a wide range: stimulates the development of mineral exploration, with a series of breakthrough in ore prospecting;created a new theory of metallogenic prognosis;promoted and enriched the theory of minerogenetic series;brings about the continuous applications and innovation of computer technology in mineral exploration;integrated the theoretical studies of geology and metallogeny with the practices of mineral exploration.