地球系统多圈层构造观
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本文为中国地质调查项目(编号DD20190358)和中国地质科学院地质研究所基本科研业务费项目(编号J2008)联合资助的成果。


Multisphere tectonic view of the Earth system
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    摘要:

    地球系统多圈层构造观的基本理论框架是:① 把大地构造学从研究地球表层的地壳构造、岩石圈构造推进到研究地球整体多圈层构造的新阶段。② 地球系统和宇宙天体系统共同作用下形成的全球动力学,太阳能、地球系统多圈层相互作用以及宇宙天体运行的联合作用是各种地质作用的动力来源。③ 洋陆转化论:陆与洋是对立统一、相互转化的。陆与洋都不会永存,不存在只有大洋消亡,大陆增生的单向发展过程,单纯的大陆增生论是不正确的。④ 大陆的地壳和地幔是多层次的,不同层次可以沿其间的界面适度滑移,但大陆整体却难以移动,更不能随意漂移。⑤ 旋回演化论:地球表层构造不是均变论式,而是非均变、非线性、渐变与突变相结合的,螺旋式向前发展演化的。地球演化的不同阶段,即不同的构造旋回均各有其特有的、不同于其他旋回的全球构造格局和构造特点,不能用一种构造模型套用于地史发展的各个构造旋回和各个阶段。⑥ 地球结构和演化是不对称、不均匀的,不能用一种构造模型套用于全球不同地区。⑦ 大陆地壳的多旋回演化:大陆地壳并不是单纯的侧向或垂向增生,而是多旋回构造岩浆作用叠合的产物。⑧ 深断裂的控制作用。切穿壳- 幔不同层次的深断裂带,在大地构造演化中具有十分重要的作用。现今的大洋中脊断裂带、转换断层和贝尼奥夫带,勾画了当今全球的构造格局。地球发展的不同构造旋回和阶段,均各有其所特有的深断裂体系,它们决定了不同阶段和不同构造旋回之全球大地构造格局和演化过程。以Jason(太平洋)和Tuzo(非洲)两个超级地幔沟为支点,研究中国以至亚洲中、新生代构造格局大转换、大改组过程中壳- 幔组成和结构的演化过程,是用地球系统多圈层构造观研究大地构造的一个良好的切入点。

    Abstract:

    The fundamental theoretical framework of the multisphere tectonic view of the earth system is as follows: ① advancing geotectonics from study of the crustal structure and lithospheric structure on the earths surface to a new stage involving study of the multisphere tectonics of the earth system as an integrated whole. ② The global dynamics derived from the interaction of the celestial bodies and the earth systems: The solar energy, multispheric interactions of the earth system, and the combined actions of the motions of celestial bodies in the cosmos system that are the driving forces of various geological processes. The solar energy drives the interactions among the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere on the earth`s surface, which is the main driving force of the earth`s exogenous geological processes. ③ The continent- ocean transformation theory: The continent and the ocean are the two opposite and unified geological units that can be transformed into each other; neither continent nor ocean will survive forever; there is no one- way development of continent accretion or ocean extinction; the simple theory of one- way continental accretion is regarded as invalid. ④ The crust and mantle of the continent are characterized by multiple layers, that can slide along the interfaces between them, but it needs to be corroborated whether the continent arbitrarily or unconditionally moves as a whole. ⑤ The cyclic evolution: the development of the earths tectonics is not a uniform change, but a forward spiralling evolution with a combination of non- uniform and non- linear, gradual and catastrophe changes; different evolution stages (tectonic cycles) of the earth have unique global tectonic patterns and characteristics, one tectonic pattern should not be applied to different tectonic cycles and evolutional stages of the earth. ⑥ The structure and evolution of the crust and mantle are asymmetric and heterogeneous, and thus one tectonic pattern cannot be applied to different areas in the world. ⑦ The polycyclic evolution of the continental crust: The continental crust is not formed by simple lateral or vertical accretion, but the product of combination of the polycyclic tectonic evolution and magmatism. ⑧ Deep fault controls: The deep fault zones cutting through different layers of the crust and mantle usually play an important role in tectonic evolution. For example, the present- day fault zones at mid- ocean ridge fault zones, transform fault zones and Benioff zone outline the global tectonic framework. Different tectonic cycles and stages of the earth`s development had their own distinctive deep fault systems, which controlled the global tectonic framework and evolutional process of different tectonic cycles and stages. Based on Jason (Pacific) and Tuzo (Africa) two mantle supertrees, studying the evolution process of composition and structure of the crust and mantle during the significant transformation and reorganization Meso- Cenozoic tectonic framework in China and Asia is a good entry point to study geotectonics in the multisphere tectonic view of the earth system.

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引用本文

任纪舜,牛宝贵,徐芹芹,赵磊,刘建辉,李舢,朱俊宾,刘仁燕.2022.地球系统多圈层构造观[J].地质学报,96(1):50-64.
Ren Jishun, Niu Baogui, Xu Qinqin, Zhao Lei, Liu Jianhui, Li Shan, Zhu Junbin, Liu Renyan.2022. Multisphere tectonic view of the Earth system[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,96(1):50-64.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-12-01
  • 最后修改日期:2022-01-06
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-01-15
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