正断层三维生长和连接过程研究:以南海北部陆丰凹陷为例
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本文为广东省引进人才创新团队项目(编号2016ZT06N331)、国家自然科学基金项目(编号41772209,U1701641,41906049,41774049,42172233)、南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)“南海科学考察计划”珠江口外海域地质地球物理综合科考航次(编号SML2020SI1002)、中山大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(编号2021qntd23)和广州市科技计划项目(编号202102080112)联合资助的成果。


3D structural growth and lateral linkage of the normal fault system: a case study from Lufeng sag in the northern South China Sea
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    摘要:

    正断层生长和侧向连接是最基本的三维地质构造问题,深入剖析其三维时空演化过程对理解沉积盆地内正断层系统的形成与演化至关重要。 南海扩张时间和影响范围一直是国内外地学界研究的热点问题之一。南海北部珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷发育大量正断层,并覆盖有高精度二维地震反射剖面,成为研究上述问题的理想地区之一。本研究以陆丰凹陷为研究对象,开展三维构造解析和建模研究,为正断层系统三维时空演化过程提供一个实例。研究结果表明:陆丰凹陷主控断层F1的生长和连接过程主要分三个阶段:晚白垩世—早古新世,两条断层分别形成并以孤立断层模式分别向两侧生长;早古新世—早渐新世,断层发生侧向连接作用合并为F1断层,连接处发育侧断坡;晚渐新世—中中新世,F1断层继续向两侧生长。基于F1断层定量分析(生长指数和断距),发现F1断层活动强度表现为先增加然后突然降低,其转折时间对应于T60界面,~23 Ma,较好地对应了西北次海盆扩张终止时间,说明南海北部扩张已经影响到陆丰凹陷。结合前人对珠江口盆地构造变形和演化研究,初步认为南海北部扩张波及的范围已跨过陆丰凹陷向大陆方向继续延伸,其北部边界可能对应于华南大陆南缘的滨海断裂带。本研究可为正断层系统三维生长过程研究提供案例,同时为南海扩张过程研究提供基础数据支撑。

    Abstract:

    The growth and lateral linkage of the normal faults are the most basic 3D geological structural problems. Deeply analysis of 3D temporal and spatial evolution processes of the normal faults is very important for the formation and evolution of normal fault system in sedimentary basin. The spreading time and affected regions of the South China Sea are the focus issues in the geological field. Lufeng sag, located in the Pearl River mouth basin in the northern South China Sea, has developed a large number of normal faults and covered with high ~ resolution 2D seismic profiles and drilling data, which has become one of the ideal areas to study the above problems. Through characterizing the 3D seismic interpretation and modeling of the Lufeng sag, this study aims to provide a detailed case of 3D temporal and spatial evolution processes of the normal fault system. The results reveal that the growth and linkage processes of the main fault F1 can be described as three periods: ① During Late Cretaceous to Early Paleocene, two isolated faults formed and grew, respectively; ② Those fault segments merged laterally into F1 fault, and the relay ramp developed at the connection place between Early Paleocene and Early Oligocene; ③ The F1 fault continues to grow laterally on both sides from Late Oligocene to the Middle Miocene. Moreover, the expansion index and fault displacement are used to analyze the activity intensity of the fault F1, and we find that the fault slip of the F1 increases first and then decreases abruptly, and its shifting time occurred at the T60 reflector, ~23 Ma, which better corresponds to the spreading termination of the northwest subbasin, and highlighting that the spreading of the South China Sea has affected the Lufeng sag. Combined with previous studies on the Pearl River mouth basin, we preliminarily think that the spreading of the South China Sea has passed through the Lufeng sag, and its northernmost boundary may be corresponding to the Littoral fault zone, which located at the southern margin of the South China continent. Thus, our study enhanced our understanding of the 3D temporal and spatial evolution processes of normal fault system, and provide additional constraints for studies of the spreading processes of the South China Sea.

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代向明,李志刚,孙闯,李立国,王伟涛,惠格格,梁浩,张逸鹏,李琳琳,闫永刚,许斌斌,李冠华.2022.正断层三维生长和连接过程研究:以南海北部陆丰凹陷为例[J].地质学报,96(6):1922-1936.
Dai Xiangming, Li Zhigang, Sun Chuang, Li Liguo, Wang Weitao, Hui Gege, Liang Hao, Zhang Yipeng, Li Linlin, Yan Yonggang, Xu Binbin, Li Guanhua.2022.3D structural growth and lateral linkage of the normal fault system: a case study from Lufeng sag in the northern South China Sea[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,96(6):1922-1936.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-28
  • 最后修改日期:2022-02-12
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-04-06
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