Lithium (Li) is listed as a “key metal” by the Chinese Government. The rare metal ore field in western Sichuan is known for its unique and rich lithium resources. The accumulated lithium oxide (Li2O) reserves are 2. 86 million tons and the prospective resource is 5 million tons. It is a world- class hard rock- type of lithium enrichment area. Two mica granite is characterized by spodumene, lepidolite, biotite, tourmaline and apatite. Granite microcrystalline lithium deposits are the main body and coexist with pegmatite lithium deposits. The ore field is also characterized by rhythmic band texture, which is a unique feature in the Jiajika area. We have summarized the metallogenic characteristics of the lithium- bearing rare polymetallic ore fields, such as those in the Jiajika area and their peripheries, including features of two mica granites, pegmatite veins and rhythmic band structure, geochemistry, inclusions, etc. We also discuss the cause of the supernormal enrichment of lithium metal, and propose a geological model with a multi- center (complex) diapir dome of the Jiajika granite magma, immiscible Li- F granitic magma, and a semi- open fracture system. Using such model, we have increased our understanding of multi- stage filling- metasomatism and crystallization differentiation of granitic magma- self- metamorphic diagenesis and mineralization. This development is of great significance to the prospecting of rare metals. However, scientific issues such as the distribution, migration, and extraordinary enrichment process of rare metals still need to be explored and studied to enable a greater breakthrough in prospecting.